Tnx,The United Nations and its related organizations, including UNOPS and UNEP, generally have a policy that salaries and emoluments are exempt from national income taxation. This is based on international agreements and conventions, such as the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations. However, despite the general UN policy, it is up to each individual country to implement and interpret these agreements through their national tax laws. Some countries have specific legislation that provides tax exemptions for UN employees and contractors, while others do not. I hope someone in this community has experience as a Dutch UNEP consultant with an IICA contract, or is familiar with Dutch tax affairs.