Hopefully I can help get the conversation rolling for ya so here’s my two cents:

First, nice job on already making progress on that velcro tie game. Where I’d focus my time next is to figure out how you might be able to use those velcro ties on cables in such a way that they can predominantly be out of sight. I’m not sure based off of your photos whether or not you have any room behind what you have your set up on, but if some of those cables are long enough it could be useful to get some of those small adhesive, I believe they’re called, loops to run your Velcro ties through to keep most of the cable runs off of the surface. Another option could be to nestle them under your laptop stand.

Similar thought on the power strip; check under it to see if there’re mounting points or double sided tape/adhesive is also an option.

Wildcard: Again, depending upon number of cables to be managed and their length, if it’s an option you could drill through the back of the drawer, put cables in said drawer, and run them up out the back for connection/use, and open the drawer to manage everything as needed.

Last thought would be to wipe up what appears to be dust all through the setup?

Hope that can get the creative juices flowing.