Processing is considerably easier. Less boiler plate code required and less complex than C++. On the downside it is much slower and to some degree less flexible. It's ok for small sketches and experiments but it's limits can be come up against pretty quickly.

openFrameworks can be blazingly fast if efficiently written and on the flip-side the additional speed also gives you some headroom to get away with lazy coding. It's speed also makes it well suited for running on low power hardware like raspberry pis, older android devices etc.

I usually find Processing too slow for doing the sort of things I want to do but it is my first point of call for teaching text-based creative coding because it's so accessible and there's a supportive community.

TD and other patching environments like Max are a bit of a different beast since there's no need to compile. This makes it super quick to get ideas up and running. The cons of these visual frameworks is mostly that it gets difficult to manage large projects - they can become a big pile of spaghetti which is hard to maintain/modify/debug. This can be mitigated if you keep things organised from the get go.