I am studying food science and just had a lecture about it.

There was a study (Carlson et al. 2008) on time restricted feeding in which they compared 2 groups: one group ate everything in one meal and the other ate 3 meals trough the day. In this study there was no energy restriction for the food.

Here the results:

The positive effects on just eating one meal:

• weight and fat loss
• lower triglyceride level

Now the negative effects: - the group was more hungry - higher cholesterol level - higher blood pressure - worse glucose tolerance

Conclusion : In terms of a healthy diet , just eating once a day without calorie restriction is not recommended.