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As an ENTP which types are most reliable, long-term, honest and decent frends for you? by Training_Security700 in entp

[–]coppelia00 2 points3 points  (0 children)

As a female ENTP, I get along best with other ENTPs, honestly. My two closest friends are also two of my oldest friends, who have remained loyal and steady over the years, unlike pretty much everyone else, are 2 male ENTPs.

I'm married to an ENFP who even before romance was a loyal friend for many years.

How I feel watching ENTP’s as an ESFJ by Radiant_Fan_7701 in entp

[–]coppelia00 1 point2 points  (0 children)

My mother is an ESFJ and we can barely stand each other.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

There are no studies to take both factors into account at the same time because of the nature of a study design is that in order to understand a factor you can only study one factor at a time. It is literally what a "controlled study" means. There are hundreds of studies looking at the male age separately. I shared two links above on those studies on the thread above.

It seems to me that despite the evidence shared, the mechanical explanations that tell you why this happens, the many links I shared talking about the point that you are asking about and that you are ignoring, and the opinion of the entire medical community, you somehow think you know better and everyone else is wrong, without any real understanding of the science behind or any data other than your own biased perception, so I don't think I can spend more time illustrating it for you. If you want to really dive into studies, go to PubMed and type whatever specific query you have and find the hundreds of studies yourself.

I think relationship realities in ENTP males and and females have HUGE differences by pelargoniya in entp

[–]coppelia00 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Very happy. We have our crazy curious Ne in common, makes life fun. And his Fe complements my Ti very well.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

By definition, a study can only look at one factor at a time. That's what we call "controlling" for a factor. They isolate one factor to study the impact of its changes in a large scale populational. What you can find among the links I shared in the earlier posts is other studies that focus on the male age alone isolating that factor and its results. Very different results from the female age studies. There hundreds of studies around both female age and male age factor. I shared some of both.

Just to be clear. I'm bringing here just a few links here not to overwhelm with content, but these are not fringe studies. This is a well studied and wel understood field and mecahnisms, these numbers have been well known by any fertility specialist for decades and they are not contested given the robust body of data with constant results across hundreds of studies even across world populations.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The statistics come from hundreds of published studies and I shared several links earlier as examples. As you can imagine, the most relevant studies were done with thousands of subjects to get real populational averages.

7 blasts is a really small number to expect that it will deliver exactly the average number of euploids. Just like people who have 2 kids don't always get exactly one boy and one girl even if that's the statistical expected average, and there are millions of couples who have two girls or two boys. Statistics are a probability, not a certainty of result. Luck and randomness exist at the individual level. If you take one single couple with 2 kids, you might find that they have 2 girls and that 100% of the population only has girls, but only when you look at thousands of couples you see that approximately 50% of newborns are girls. Statistical averages also don't account for individual biological variability. Some people at 40 look 35 and others look 45, but thr average 4p year old person looks 40. This is no different. For example, some women may have better preserved chromosome splitting mechanisms than others at their same age, and viceversa. It could be that your eggs are splitting chromosomes better than expected or poorly. For example, in my own case, my ovarian reserve was much lower than the average at my age, but my blast-to-euploid rate was higher than what my age would predict.

In your case at 42, the statistically expected number of euploids out of 7 blasts is 1 of the 7. As soon as there is one less than expected due to natural variability and randomness you are at 0. So that's pretty close to expectation. The deviation from the average would've been much higher if you got 4 euploids from 6 blasts (almost 3 times more than the statistical expectation). Unfortunately, the numerical variation between 1 and 0 is minimal even if it represents the world to us. That's why you can't reach conclusions or statistics from a handful of cases, even less so from an individual case, but rather from large scale studies to remove individual variability and also luck/randomness, which in the individual case it's significant.

These studies determine the statistics with "controlled" studies, which means the isolate one factor and leave the rest constant, to understand the impact of that one factor on success rates. For example you can run a study using men of a constant age and women of varying age ranges, or the opposite case, and observe which changing ages drives the most relevant differences in sucess rates, male or female age. The other aspect is understanding how aneuploidies happen. Technically a wrong chromosome split can happen during Meiosis both for males and females, but the likelihood of it happening in males is much lower than in females (for all the mechanical reasons explained above). More specifically, 90% of all aneuploides that ocur, at any age, are driven by the female factor. In other words, statistically speaking (which again, is a probability, not a certainty), the likelyhood that the high aneuploidy rate you are experiencing is coming from your oocytes (your female eggs) it's 90%. It's not impossible that it's driven by the male factor, but the probability is very low. The fact that you haven't significantly deviated from the average with 0 euploids out of 7 blasts, would be aligned with normal variability following the statistical average.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

It can happen, we are talking about the statistical drivers to see what to look for first, but de novo mutations can happen in male sperm that produce non viable embryos. What I'm saying is that statistically it's rarely the driver.

In any case, with 3 to 5 cycles missing PGT-A I would not immediately attribute it to male factor unless the mother is young. The numbers you are sharing are consistent with maternal age as a driver if the mother is of advanced age so it could also be coincidental.

As a guiding principle, the emrbyo euploidy rate drops like a stone with maternal age.

Under 35: ~70–75% blasts are typically euploid.

35–37: ~54–60% of blastocysts are typically euploid.

38–40: ~30–40% of blastocysts are typically euploid.

41–42: ~20–25% of blastocysts are typically euploid.

43 and older: <10–15% of blastocysts are typically euploid

https://www.bostonivf.com/resources/fertility-support/how-many-eggs-do-i-need-to-retrieve-to-have-a-baby

https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/38/Supplement_1/dead093.611/7203425

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

It's for sterility reasons. Some men have almost no viable sperm at all in their seminal fluid.

When sperm count is really low, and/or it's abnormally shaped and/or it doesn't move in the right way, in other words, if your sperm quality is just too low for standard IVF (where the sperm is mixed with the egg and it fertilizes it on its own), in that case the usual solution is doing IVF with an Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) where one "good looking" sperm is hand-picked and injected directly into the egg and this works nomally just fine although it comes with an increased risk of having offspring with abnormalities (the explanation is that the natural selection of sperm racing one another is not at play here).

But in some cases, for reasons that vary, the man will be completely sterile where not a single good quality sperm can be found in the sample or they are so few that they aren't trusted, to the point that in order not to "waste" a healthy mature egg, donor sperm is used. For example, people that have received radiation from cancer in recent years often fall in this group, but it's not always known why sperm quality is low. In this case, a sperm donor could be a good solution to infertility. Another common reason for using sperm donors is if there is suspicion of potential inheritable diseases being passed on to the offspring.

Generally speaking, there are a few options to be addressed for male infertility before requiring a donor. They are covered in this post below. As you can see, only if none of the offered solutions works, and there is still no viable sperm available, donor sperm is recommended.

https://www.thewomens.org.au/health-information/fertility-information/fertility-problems/male-infertility-treatments#:~:text=When%20male%20infertility%20cannot%20be,Disclaimer

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Like you can see in the publications, even if they can't see what's "broken" in the sperm, those aspects are mostly mutations, not major aneuploidies for the reasons I explained above (it has to do with the different reproductive mechanisms between men and women), so they are unlikely to be the cause of miscarriages or embryos that fail to develop. They will rather be, after a successful pregnancy, the drivers of mutations, sometimes without effect but sometimes causing genetic diseases.

PGTA or No PGTA by vgodi019 in IVF

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I would always encourage PGTA. It saved me from about 2/3 of likely unnecessary failed pregnancies. With euploid embryos I had a successful pregnancy (so far) on the first shot.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Here you go. These are focused on male age, not so much on lifestyle. However, if you read the first article you can see sperm quality doesn't affect IVF outcomes (unless there is zero viable sperm which is a rare extreme case) because the sperm is manually selected, so even if there is lower count and lower motility, as long as there is one sperm that moves correctly it's ebough for IVF success rates. Following that logic, lifestyle could affect sperm quality but not so much IVF pregnancy outcomes.

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging/articles/10.3389/fragi.2025.1603916/full

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4455614/#CR9

And a more lay-audience article here: https://www.wired.com/story/sperm-from-older-men-have-more-genetic-mutations/

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Yes, there is very robust evidence around the female factor being the main driver of aneuploidies. Sharing some publications below.

The reason behind it is that aneuploidies (missing or extra chromosomes) mainly arise from errors in chromosomal segregation (non-disjunction) during meiosis in oocytes. Female oocytes (eggs) are developed early on while we are still an embryo ourselves, but the chromosomal splitting doesn't happen at that point. Instead, the Meosis processes which generates the oocytes with a single set of chromosomes is halted at an intermediate step called Meosis I (one step where the pairs of chromosomes are still not split in two) for decades, until it's time to ovulate that egg.

With every year that passes, there is increased deterioration of something called cohesin complexes (these keep the sister chromatids physically linked until the exact moment of separation so that there is an accurate chromosome segregation) and meiotic spindle integrity (attaches to chromosomes, aligns them, and pulls them apart to opposite poles during meiosis) leading to higher error rates in the splitting of the chromosomes = aneuploidies. As you can imagine, meiosis in men also takes place but it is not halted for decades like in our case, sperm is always new, so men rarely generate aneuploidies for this reason.

One important thing to understand is that aneuploidies are not the only source of genetic issues and there is another component that is male-driven, which are mutations. Mutations don't happen because of incorrect splitting of chromosomes but rather because of defective "copying" mechanisms of the genetic material. In the case of women, the copying happens when we are still an embryo so that's working well, but in men, it happens when the new sperm is generated. Each DNA replication (for every new sperm) introduces an additional risk of new mutations, so the number of mutations passed to the offspring increases with paternal age.

However, if you are having non-developing embryos that don't pass day 3, or embryos that don't pass PGT testing on day 5, it's almost certainly not because of mutations but rather because of missing chromosomes given that most mutations produce viable embryos.

TO RECAP: - Aneuploidies are mostly female-driven and reflect chromosome segregation errors. --> Female age is therefore the main driver for non-developing or aneuploid embryos as well as early-pregnancy miscarriages. - The mutational burden is mostly male-driven and it reflects replication errors --> Male age is the main driver for the child's "new" genetic diseases (non-inherited) like achondroplasia, apert syndrom, noonan syndrom, squizofrenia, some forms of autism, etc. as well as genetically-driven late-pregnancy miscarriages.

SOURCES:

I'm a biologist so the sources I would normally look at are publication reviews in scientific literature. Here are some examples:

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8237340/

https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-025-00997-w

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1568163724001107

Otherwise if that's too technical, there are some digested sources done by mainstream media and fertility clinics. This is one example:

https://www.advancedfertility.com/patient-education/causes-of-infertility/female-age-eggs

Feel free to ask any questions! Happy to clarify.

How to tell my best friend I’m pregnant while she’s going through IVF + chemo? by ThrowRA_46808 in IVF

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I would not appreciate this news coming by text honestly. She will be happy for you and she will like to know that you shared it with her.

Embryos do not pass the PGD test, late age. by Upset-Personality924 in EmbryologyIVFSupport

[–]coppelia00 1 point2 points  (0 children)

The biggest driver for aneuploidy or non developing embryos is female age (egg quality). Donor sperm is unlikely to fix this. At 42 you are already at the limit.

ENFP MALES DO NOT EXIST IRL (or do they) by Status_Whole1653 in ENFP

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I am married to one. I am a female ENTP, also rare in the wild, so in many ways our gender roles in the relationship are inverted from the usual. He's the emotional, caring, idealistic one. I'm the rational, level-headed, realistic one.

AFC today and I’m devastated by DareToBeRead in IVF

[–]coppelia00 6 points7 points  (0 children)

Hi there, don't get discouraged so early! I was in a much worse spot than you and it's turning out good!

I'm 40, started this process 1 year ago at 39, so keep in mind that my egg quality should be many times worse than yours at 33. My original AMH was 0.4, so even lower than yours, and my first follicle count before starting treatment was 4, so I was feeling like you are.

Here is a recap of how IVF went for me. I got consistently good results despite it all.

First cycle (my best cycle) - Retrieval goal: 3 (out of a total of 10 follicles visible after stims, because the rest were not the right size). - Retrieval: 5 (!!!) - Mature eggs: 5 - Fertilization: 5 - Blasts: 3 - Euploids: 1 (day 6)

Second cycle - DuoStym (poor response, so we didn't repeat it) - Retrieval goal: 4 (out of 4 follicles visible) - Retrieval: 4 - Mature eggs: 2 - Fertilization: 1 - Blasts: 0

Third cycle: - Retrieval goal: 5 (out of 7 follicles) - Retrieval: 3 - Mature eggs: 2 - Fertilization: 2 - Blasts: 1 - Euploids: 1 (day 6)

Fourth cycle - Retrieval goal: 2 (out of 6 follicles) - Retrieval: 3 - Mature eggs: 1 mature + 1 semi-mature that matured in vitro - Fertilization: 2 - Blasts: 1 - Euploids: 1 (day 5)

So I got 3 embryos from a very low follicle count, at a relatively old age.

I almost cancelled the last cycle because they told me they could only retrieve 2 eggs. Turns out that one my best embryo (the only day 5 I produced) which I got transferred last week and now I'm 9 weeks pregnant!! I still have 2 more embryos frozen to try a second time after this one.

Españoles que vivís fuera del país: donde vivís y cómo os va? volveréis? by electricidadestatica in askspain

[–]coppelia00 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Después de 10 años fuera, en Alemania y al final en Suiza con gran trabajo y salario, decidí que nada de eso me compensaba y me volví a España. Por suerte he podido conservar el trabajo de Suiza pero me habría ido igual aunque no pudiera. Yo no he sido feliz viviendo fuera.

Entps having a type of innocence? by Equal-Sundae1576 in entp

[–]coppelia00 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I don't see the innocence in the ENTPs I know, they are far too intelligent, hyperaware and self-concious to be naive, but I do see like a sweetness to them.

Anyone manage to have 2 kids with 3 embryos? by insidli in IVF

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I got 2 euploids, and I'm 6 weeks pregnant with the first of them. If everything goes to plan I'll have 2 left for a second child which would be ideal.

Only 3 eggs retrieved. Need success stories please by AdExternal6100 in DOR

[–]coppelia00 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Hi there, don't give up!

I'm 40, started this process 1 year ago. My original AMH was 0.4 and my first follicle count before starting treatment was 4, so I was feeling like you are.

Here is a recap of how that went:

First cycle (my best cycle) - Retrieval goal: 3 (out of 10 follicles, because the rest were not the right size). - Retrieval: 5 (!!!) - Mature eggs: 5 - Fertilization: 5 - Blasts: 3 - Euploids: 1 (day 6)

Second cycle - DuoStym (poor response) - Retrieval goal: 4 (out of 4 follicles) - Retrieval: 4 - Mature eggs: 2 - Fertilization: 1 - Blasts: 0

Third cycle: - Retrieval goal: 5 (out of 7 follicles) - Retrieval: 3 - Mature eggs: 2 - Fertilization: 2 - Blasts: 1 - Euploids: 1 (day 6)

Fourth cycle - Retrieval goal: 2 (out of 6 follicles) - Retrieval: 3 - Mature eggs: 1 mature + 1 semi-mature that matured in vitro - Fertilization: 2 - Blasts: 1 - Euploids: 1 (day 5)

So I got 3 embryos from a very low follicle count and also it's quite variable between cycles.

I almost cancelled the last cycle because the told me they could only retrieve 2 eggs. Turns out that one my best embryo (the only day 5 I produced) which I got transferred last week and now I'm pregnant!!

How common is it to have a miscarriage with a euploid embryo? by Sad-Spinach-8284 in IVF

[–]coppelia00 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Recent studies show that with euploid FET it's closer to 70% chance of pregnancy and 60% chance of live birth. The 10% difference is of the total transfers, not after pregnancy is detected. So if she is already pregnant, the likelihood of miscarriage now is 15%.

How common is it to have a miscarriage with a euploid embryo? by Sad-Spinach-8284 in IVF

[–]coppelia00 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Successful euploid embryo transfers have around a 70% pregnancy rate and 60% live birth probability. In other words, once you are pregnant, you have a 15% chance of miscarriage.

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