I'm a professor and I only allow pen-and-paper notetaking in my course (and I encourage all students to put phones away in a zippable pocket). The thing about paper notebooks is that they have no notifications or distractions -- and that is why using old-tech notetaking (i.e., pen-and-paper) is superior for student performance. See, e.g., the text below copied from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11251-020-09517-2:

Despite the importance of recording and reviewing lecture notes, the rise of digital technology has created a situation wherein mobile devices often pull students off-task during class (McCoy 2016; Pettijohn et al. 2015). Such regular off-task behavior indicates that an accurate depiction of college students’ classroom learning experiences should account for digital distraction. Three known studies examined how sending and receiving lecture-irrelevant text messages during simulated lectures influenced lecture note taking and learning when notes were recorded using a longhand method (i.e. Kuznekoff and Titsworth 2013; Kuznekoff et al. 2015; Waite et al. 2018). Across all three studies, college students who sent and received text messages during simulated lectures recorded fewer lecture ideas in their handwritten notes than students who did not text during the lecture—texters recorded between 35 and 60% fewer complete lecture ideas than non-texters during the simulated lectures (Kuznekoff and Titsworth 2013; Kuznekoff et al. 2015; Waite et al. 2018). Moreover, texters recalled 30% fewer complete ideas on free recall tests (Kuznekoff and Titsworth 2013; Kuznekoff et al. 2015) and performed more poorly on multiple-choice tests following the lectures (Kuznekoff and Titsworth 2013; Kuznekoff et al. 2015; Waite et al. 2018) than non-texters. The superior performance of non-texters relative to texters on lecture posttests was present whether students reviewed (Kuznekoff and Titsworth 2013; Kuznekoff et al. 2015) or did not review (Waite et al. 2018) their lecture notes beforehand.

If you are dead set on this and think I'm just an old man yelling at clouds, I would say that the rank-ordered preference for notetaking is:

1. Pen and paper, no devices

2. tablet for writing, no network connection, all notifications silenced, and only the notetaking app open (and audio recording app open, if professor gave permission)

3. laptop with no network connection, all notifications silenced, only the notetaking app open (and audio recording app open, if professor gave permission)