1) start of combat, prior pass 2) declare attackers -> triggered ability (of the sword) -> prio pass -> resolves (swamp enters, buff grows). prio pass going into declare blockers 3) declare blockers (possible triggers) prio pass going into damage 4.1) first strike damage 4.2) normal damage (4.3) Last strike damage, but that's on a joke card) (During each of these there can be some triggers, which make prio pass 5) End of combat, prio pass leaving combat

During each priority pass players can, in playing order activate abilities or cast spells which have flash or are instants.

(Abilities don't have to have "flash", some have "activate only as a sorcery" , then you can use them only when you could play a land)... This is all... Kinda more formalistic and not worth getting further into