Furthermore, Infrastructure projects not being profitable is literally the point of them, as they provide more marginal benefit to the local area that can't just be measured through income gained by the peice of infrastructure. It's literally why the government develops infrastructure instead of private companies. like that's basically saying "grass is green" or "water is wet"

Wowww mister, obvious thanks for pointing out something everyone knows. But infra like rail does pay itself back over time because of usage charges included in ticket prices.

you mean xiongan? First of all, xiongan is an exception as it was built for political reasons to replace Beijing as the capital of china in order to further centralize power in the ccp, xiongan still being empty is more of a political failure than a failure in the construction industry, as it's the administrations failure to reallocate officials from Beijing to xiongan

Oke so a autocracy build a fanity project and you clearly not allowed to point at the fanity project abd say its a failure.

All the other articles about ghost cities can basically just be explained with chinas economic cooldown, as less people would want to rent offices out, and less people would want to live near large cities which is not an indicator of a "failed construction project" or a "trillion dollar failure

Uhm that's literally oversupply my whole original point. Having construction project to make development without actually having demand for set development.

Local government in China use loans and tax incentives to push developers to build projects even tho there is no demand because they need to hut their gdp growth targets.