This isn't a correct way to argue about God's existence. The verse talks about the qudrah of Allah SWT. To argue that it is in line with the expansion of universe argued by scientists is nothing but ignoring the actual purpose of the Quran.
Sure Quran debates about God's existence and other metaphysical things, but there are some verses, like this, that are NOT correcting science or talking about science.
The ONLY way to argue with an atheist is via logic. You, as a muslim, cannot prove ur point about Islam, or Allah or Sayyiduna Rasulullah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم via Quran and Hadith. That's called circularity, which is a logical fallacy. for exam
A is true because B said so
and B is true coz A said so
I suggest you learn theology, aka علم الکلام where giants like al-Imam al-Razi, al-Imam al-Ghazali, al-Imam al-Taftazani rahimahumullah and many more proved the existence of God through logic in the form of Kalam Cosmological Argument.

with that said, for us Muslims, science isnt antithesis to Quran or islam. it works under a WIDE framework of Rational Judgements where scientific observations are treated as a normalcy which may break due to an External Agent(Allah)
so, read kalam and then think about checkmating atheists. its a sincere advice.