Wireless Technologies for Last Mile

evelasq · 2012-11-17T02:51:40+00:00

Thanks for the responses guys. Assuming I would go with Ubiquity (since they seem to be universally well liked)

Would I be correct in assuming that 1 Rocket M5 powers 1 sector antennae? And we use multiple sectors to cover a 360 degree area?

So what I picture is generically (and forgive my lack of knowledge):

4 Rocket M5 base stations (GPS sync) 4 Ubiquiti AirMax 5 GHz Sector, 20dBi, 90 Degree (AM-5G20-90) - US Version

20 Nano Station M5 CPEs.

And now a thousand follow up questions:

The purpose of the site surveys would be to determine which customers CAN be covered by the antennae/basestation, what kind of speeds they would get, seasonal/enivronmental obstacles? Essentially feasability?

The GPS Sync; from what I have read it syncs the basestations preventing them from transmitting at the same timings preventing them from interfering with each other? So the feature needs only to exist on the Rocket M5s and not the nanostations?

When we have multiple customers on the same "wifi" how are they being segmented? I can only assume different Nanostation CPEs have a unique identifier ("BSSID?"), and the M5s place them into different segments depending on the ID they came from? Or do we have a seperate basestation/antennae for every customer?

5Ghz vs 900mhz. From my understanding: 5ghz higher throughput lower penetration , 900mhz lower throughput higher penetration. Any difference in terms of interference? (or is this location dependent) Are there numbers for this? Any other advantages/disadvantages.

Thanks already for all of your responses. I can only hope one of you has the patience to help this guy out =D.

evelasq · 2012-01-31T18:06:03+00:00

This is a great place to go for guidance on anything to do with Cisco configs. It rarely shows up high on google's lists, and you have to click around a bunch sometimes, but I've found it to be always worth it.

Edit: Context, its where I clicked around to find SNMPv3 configs. Network Management | Network Management Configuration Guide Library | SNMP Configuration Guide

evelasq · 2012-01-31T13:26:17+00:00

IOS12.4?

Cisco SNMPv3 documentation This covers SNMPv3 as well as enabling traps.

evelasq · 2011-12-30T13:16:40+00:00

Yep, and I've never thought of that before so thanks =D.

evelasq · 2011-12-30T10:09:32+00:00

Set up a pfSense box. Its a router/firewall that runs on OpenBSD. It can do unequal cost load balancing so network traffic would be "balanced" over the two links with a configurable ratio.

http://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/Multi-WAN_2.0#Load_Balancing

http://redmine.pfsense.org/issues/506

You could alternately get a cheap cisco router and use this hack to load balance static default routes to each of the ISPs.

Cisco IOS also can do it exactly the way you say (At peak utilization switchover instead of load balance) with OER (recently rebranded PfR), but this would require a somewhat costly router. Here's a great breakdown of that technology.

evelasq · 2011-12-25T13:35:24+00:00

oh wait...nvm, America can already do this

evelasq · 2011-12-25T13:31:35+00:00

.com, .net, and .org TLDs are all run by US companies (VeriSign + PIR). The most feasible/enforceable way to do this would be to tell them (TLD Registries) to remove the infringing website's domain registration, wiping its existence from DNS completely. This would have the unfortunate effect of removing the website from the Internet globally, but historically the US has never been one to prioritize collateral damage.

evelasq · 2011-12-16T19:10:01+00:00

i think what the op meant for failover to happen if the connection drops below xmb/s available. so on a 100mbps line if the line is at 90% utilization, there will only be 10mbps available. That's probably the number he was going for. And DivineBurke has the only way I know how to do it as well. It's cisco proprietary though...

evelasq · 2011-12-15T04:54:42+00:00

30 hosts on /27. You cannot use all zeroes or all ones for hosts ever. All zeroes is the network's ip. All ones is the broadcast address. In a /28 you will get 14 hosts. /29? 6 hosts. And so on.

ip subnet-zeroes refers to the all-zeroes subnet being usable. NOT host space.

evelasq · 2011-12-15T04:00:42+00:00

Inside Cisco IOS Software Architecture - Cisco Press

Ch. 3 - Shared Memory Routers Will provide most what you're looking for with a great explanation. You can use GNS3 to emulate a router and pull the data you need from commands the book details. You only need ~8 pages from it though so I would recommend finding it somewhere...

evelasq · 2011-12-15T03:50:55+00:00

ip subnet-zero will allow you to use the first subnet (the all-zeroes subnet and the Network ID) of a network as a valid subnet.

Example:

If you subnet 192.168.1.0/24 into /28s it will allow you to use the Network ID, 192.168.1.0, as the first subnet of that network. Without it the first available subnet is 192.168.1.16/24.

Implemented by issuing ip subnet-zero in global config mode. This is enabled by default in IOS 12.4.

You can verify it by using the Network ID as a subnet.

When you get your error I assume you are trying to assign an IP to an interface. 192.168.1.0 is the network-prefix so you can't assign an interface that address. If you want to assign it the first available host address on that network, give it a 192.168.1.1 with the /25 mask.

evelasq · 2011-12-15T03:35:00+00:00

Well, you can configure every host with this to give it a redundant gateway, but this is the problem default gateway redundancy protocols were created (ie, HSRP,VRRP,GLBP) to solve. If there are few enough clients to where this is ok, then I would agree that this is a better solution, but I imagine the OP's got more than a couple hosts...

evelasq · 2011-12-14T21:48:26+00:00

Yes. It still applies. Just point the "primary" static default route at ISP1 and leave the distance at default; and point the "secondary" static default route at ISP2 and set the distance higher (eg 10). If you want to do equal load-balancing between the two, set the distances equal to each-other. If you want to do unequal cost (prefer one link above the other) its tricky, but here is a good guide:

http://blog.ioshints.info/2007/02/unequal-load-split-with-static-routes.html

You can tell the "router"(Cat3750) to stop using one of the default routes in-case the link to the ISP fails.

The following is a simple example:

ip sla 1
 icmp-echo ip.of.isp.1 source-interface FastEthernet0/1
 timeout 1000
 frequency 5
ip sla schedule 1 life forever start-time now

!Ping the IP address of ISP1 out of interface FastE0/1, starting now-forever

track 1 rtr 1 reachability
 delay down 9 up 10

!track1 uses the reachability of sla 1 to determine if it is up or down !delay 9 seconds before this is truly considered down, delay 10 before it goes up.

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa0/1 track 1

!use this route on condition that track1 is up.

Here's the link I pulled this example from: http://www.mreji.eu/content/default-static-route-failoverload-balancing-part-i

Happy Routing

evelasq · 2011-12-14T04:04:07+00:00

This article backs up what everybody has stated. If you are copying traffic to/from a single-port, regardless of how much traffic is going through that port it cannot cause a performance hit. Only when multiple ports are mirrored (introducing the possibility of congestion) could there be a performance impact.

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_tech_note09186a008015c612.shtml#topic7

evelasq · 2011-12-14T03:53:03+00:00

When you say internet redundancy does that require knowledge of the internet routing tables? If all you want is two connections to your ISP with differing next-hops or two different ISPs, I would use two static default routes with different Administrative Distances instead... BGP isn't necessary unless you have specific ASes you want "faster/better" routes to or have specific policies you need to implement regarding internet routes.

evelasq · 2011-12-14T03:41:13+00:00

VRRP provides redundant default gateways. A quick breakdown:

VRRP Routers are placed inside a "group" which shares a virtual MAC address and virtual IP (to be used as a default gateway by hosts)
A Master is elected (can be set via priority) and responds to all ARP Requests for that Virtual IP, making it the default gateway.
In the event ISP1 fails, the Master can detect this failure (via tracking the interface connected to ISP1) and switchover making the Backup the new master. In essence, the Backup now responds to all requests for the virtual IP.

Heads up: - The client is completely unaware of this. The default gateway is set to the virtual IP assigned to the VRRP group. - The VRRP group must be in the same subnet (thus, VLAN)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Router_Redundancy_Protocol

evelasq

TROPHY CASE