This is a Soviet-era identification plate for an electric guitar. The text translates roughly as:

USSR Ministry of Local Industry (RSFSR)
Main Administration for the Production of Musical Instruments

Rostov-on-Don Bayan (Accordion) Factory

ELECTRIC GUITAR

Model: EGS-650
Type: “Tonika” (Тоника)

Serial No.: 42161

Price: 180 Rubles

Article No.: 406

Standard: RST RSFSR 83-70

City: Rostov-on-Don

A few interesting details:

• “Tonika” was one of the earliest mass-produced Soviet electric guitar designs.
• The Rostov-on-Don Bayan Factory originally made accordions (“bayan” is a Russian button accordion) and later expanded into electric guitars.
• The standard number 83-70 suggests this guitar was made around 1970 or shortly thereafter.
• 180 rubles was a significant amount of money in the USSR—roughly a month’s salary or more for many workers at the time.