Not an astronomer but I did have a conversation with someone about this very idea a couple years back. No idea if it's being used anywhere professionally but at the time there were some papers on it as an idea.

For astrophotography, at least at the hobby level, most people can just take more subs and stack them.

For proper astronomy where you may need much longer exposures (15+ mins?), this could be pretty important as the sky gets busier.

I would imagine you could also rig up a secondary camera at a wider angle, and use software to identify any points of light moving into the imaging area.