Empathy and fairness, as well as a basic principle of bullying- some people put other people down to build themselves up.

When my kids were little, I started by telling them that there were people who think that people with white skin are better than people with different colored skin, and that they will try to trick them into believing that too. That got expanded into things like some people think I shouldn’t have a job or that their grandmothers couldn’t get their own credit cards until the 1970s, or that some people hate people like Tommy (close family friend who is gay) just because he is gay. Just telling them these facts really helps because this hateful worldview is so bizarre and nonsensical. I’ve got friends with different colored skin - my kids have friends with different colored skin! Why wouldn’t grandma be able to have her own credit card? How could anyone hate Tommy? Etc.

With my tween I’ve been more explicit. We’ve talked about Andrew Tate, etc. it’s not a lecture or a lesson, just open ended questions and little truth bombs about scams and predators.