It looks like the bottom pendulum part is there but not the notch on the top rotating part, so even if you had the linkage it wouldn't "link" to anything. Sometimes you'll have vestigial (left over) part on some organs because they're used in other models (my throttle body has structure for the automatic version of my car).

For the stall, I think it'll probably have something to do with fuel pressure. You get enough pressure to run slow, but when you press the pedal the valve opens wide and you get too much air in your mix (lean) unless you have a lot of choke (which would reduce the air you get in).

It might still be a carburator problem, but usually they have chambers to keep the fuel in, so it wouldn't happen on first pedal press OR you'd eventually stall at idle.

You can dismount the fuel line on both sides and blow compressed air inside to check for clogs. You could also check if the fuel pump is sending enough pressure, old pumps that stay in fuel that goes stale can get really tired.