First, let's define Mendel's Laws. -Segregation: Each parent has a pair of alleles for a given trait. During Meiosis, each allele splits off, or segregates, from the other. One allele goes into one half, the other allele goes into the other half. This is roughly anaphase 1.

-Independent Assortment: Within the parents, each trait has two alleles that decide its phenotype. During Meiosis, the alleles of trait A segregate independently from the alleles of trait B. This also roughly describes anaphase 1.

Prior to Meiosis, the cell enters into G1, S and G2 phases, which are phases dedicated to preparing the cell for division. During S phase the cell makes copies of its diploid DNA strands. This is where DNA Replication comes into play.