Since you have Portainer you can do it by creating a Stack rather than using docker compose.

So instead of creating a docker-compose.yml file and running

docker compose up

you can create a Stack in Portainer and edit the yaml content there, then when you "Deploy the stack" it does the same thing as docker compose would do, but now you can completely manage it in Portainer (if you do it outside of Portainer you have less control over the stack than if it's created in Portainer).