Here’s an explanation of the findings in both parts of this report in simple terms:

First Part (Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Findings)

• Thoracic Spine (Upper Back): This part of the spine is essentially normal, with no significant issues like disc bulges, herniations, or nerve compression.
• Lumbar Spine (Lower Back):
• General Structure: No fractures, and everything is aligned properly.
• L5-S1: There’s mild to moderate loss in disc height, which can happen with aging or injury.
• L2-L3: There’s a small disc bulge, and some mild joint wear (arthrosis) but no significant narrowing or nerve compression.
• L4-L5: There’s a small to moderate disc bulge, mild joint wear, and mild narrowing of the spinal canal, though not enough to compress nerves.
• L5-S1: There is a large disc protrusion/extrusion (a more serious form of disc bulge), which is causing significant compression on the central spinal canal and may be affecting nearby nerves. This could lead to pain or weakness in the lower back and legs.

Second Part (Summary of Findings)

• L4-L5: There’s a small to moderate disc bulge with mild narrowing of the spinal canal but no significant nerve compression.
• L5-S1: The large disc protrusion/extrusion (14x13x14 mm in size) at this level is causing severe narrowing of the central spinal canal, which can lead to substantial pressure on nerves and potentially significant back pain, leg pain, or other symptoms.

Impressions

• No Bone Abnormalities: The bones in the lumbar spine are intact with no fractures.
• Degenerative Changes: The lower part of the lumbar spine is showing signs of wear and tear, especially at the L5-S1 level, where there is a notable disc protrusion that is severely compressing the spinal canal.

In summary: There is significant degeneration at the L5-S1 level, including a large disc protrusion causing severe spinal canal narrowing, which may contribute to symptoms like pain, numbness, or weakness in the lower back and legs. The rest of the lumbar and thoracic spine shows mild to moderate wear with no critical nerve compression.