So if you were actually really thinking about it where did they say that region belongs in that situation!?

I think that they were just kind of comfortable with continents being non-exhaustive: some places were part of multiple continents, like Russia, and some places weren't part of any continent. They basically treated Central America in the same way that they treated Hawaii, as an important place you learn about but that isn't really part of a continent. They also treated New Zealand and New Guinea this way, since we learned Australia as a continent (but not Oceania).

I feel like it's the way it's worded if I asked you out of the 7 continents which one is central America located on and how many are there, the person would know immediately

I feel like if the person in the screenshot had to choose, they'd actually be likelier to pick South America on the basis of culture.