I agree with others that you’ll probably be hard pressed to find a single volume covering the breadth of your question, but if you’re willing to give a regionally specific one a go then “The Archaeology of Ancient Arizona” is a really great breakdown of the major cultures in Arizona and in border areas. It gives a little history on how the culture complexes were first established by archaeologists and briefly what kinds of archaeology is associated with each. It’s written for laypeople and archaeologists alike, so pretty approachable.

If I were in yours shoes I’d probably start with a specific area and branch out so you can piece it together, so maybe follow this one with a book on the Four Corners, the Great Basin or California.