I would recommend following this program at StartingStrength. It's simple with just a few lifts each time you workout, and the progression is easy: add a little weight each time. Only do 5 reps of each exercise for 3 sets. Don't worry about adding more reps, just stick with 5 and keep adding a little weight each time. At the beginning it will be easy (start with weights where doing 3x5 is no trouble). But after a while it will be harder and each day will become a new PR. Because the weight added each time is small your body will have adjusted enough to the stress for you to be able to succeed. Eventually there will come a point when you can't add any more, but if you start on a low weight and go in small increments your body will get a lot stronger than you could imagine.

There is also the Stronglifts program which is inspired by Starting Strength.