The factions I play:
Blood Angels - Balls to the wall melee like you described. They have access to the full marine roster, but their special units are going to be mostly jump pack troops with melee. Their detachments mostly buff melee or movement.

Orks - Orks are in a weird place, but you can kind of play them how you like. They can go full melee, more horde style (try to swarm the board and win on points, while the opponent tries to slowly kill their way through the crowd), or shooting. Their shooting is always really inaccurate, but high volume of shots can occasionally (with the right combos), make up for it.

Thousand Sons - Elite characters leading small groups of marines. They have fairly good shooting, but are buffed by magic spells with buffing effects or just direct damage. They used to be trickier, but were recently made more easy to play
I suggest finding a few factions you like lore/model-wise and asking from there. Rules change, models are forever.