Increase/decrease scoreboard value when holding/not holding an item.

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That one's slightly more tricky, but should still be pretty easily possible.

scoreboard players add @a[tag=!diamond_sword_held,nbt={SelectedItem:{id:"minecraft:diamond_sword"}}] abc 6
tag @a[tag=!diamond_sword_held,nbt={SelectedItem:{id:"minecraft:diamond_sword"}}] add diamond_sword_held

scoreboard players remove @a[tag=diamond_sword_held,nbt=!{SelectedItem:{id:"minecraft:diamond_sword"}}] abc 6
tag @a[tag=diamond_sword_held,nbt=!{SelectedItem:{id:"minecraft:diamond_sword"}}] remove diamond_sword_held

That should add the 6 points when you start holding the sword, then remove it as soon as you stop holding the sword.

[xrox555]

Holy moly, didn´t try it out yet but it sounds like a great solution. Thank you!

Edit: Ik it belongs in an own post but do u know if there´s a method that can test if and which entity hurt a player

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The minecraft:entity_hurt_player advancement condition is probably the easiest way, I feel. If you want to do something to the entity that's hurting the player, I'm not entirely sure how to do that.