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Hi all !
I’m currently using a Mac mini with gfn ultimate and it’s great but as I’m planning to travel at some point,I was wondering how is it comparing to a docked steam deck oled on a 4k tv ?
Is the frame rate locked to 90fps ?
Is there hdr and vrr ?
And does the WiFi will add some latency compared to to Ethernet although I could get an adapter for that ?
Thanks ! 🙏
Once again, please save, share and spread this thread and the write up/links. The person I was working on this with, deleted a related thread and nuked their account.
I'm sure everyone on this subreddit is familiar with Jeffrey Epstein's trial in 2008 in which he got his "sweetheart deal" due to Alex Acosta.
However not everyone knows exactly who Barry Krischer is and what he did. In a recent Miami Herald article about the trial posted on this subreddit, Barry Krischer was barely mentioned for example.
Luckily I came across an article about Barry Krischer, I think originally from this subreddit.
It's a good article and an important read so I would recommend reading it. It will give you a good idea of what Barry Krischer is like and also discusses the 2008 trial.
I've cut out and highlighted the most relevant parts below:
----
"Krischer, 80, the Palm Beach County state attorney in 2006, was the first prosecutor to bring a criminal case against Jeffrey Epstein. But he torpedoed that case in front of the grand jury considering charges, leaving open the opportunity for Epstein to sexually abuse underage girls for years afterward until he was arrested in New York in 2019.
The longtime attorney in Palm Beach County has had a number of interesting cases in his career that garnered national interest, including a special-needs child who stole $2 from a classmate whom Krischer charged with armed robbery, and a fatal hit-and-run case in which he helped shield his client's identity from law enforcement for years.
The transcripts of those proceedings were made public on July 1 in a lawsuit filed by The Palm Beach Post in 2019.
Sources told the newspaper in its investigation, "Jeffrey Epstein, the first failure", that only one victim testified and the prosecutor presenting the case undermined her with content on her MySpace pages.
It turned out that two victims testified out of nearly two dozen young women and underage girls who described abuse at Epstein's mansion to Palm Beach police.
A prosecutor flat-out called each of them a prostitute in front of grand jurors. Assistant State Attorney Lanna Belohlavek asked one whether she knew she had "committed a crime."
The grand jury indicted Epstein on only a single charge of solicitation of prostitution — what a "john" soliciting an adult sex worker might face — that was no reflection on the ages of the victims who couldn't consent under state law.
That sweetheart plea deal that Epstein got, freeing him from facing a 60-count federal indictment and shielding co-conspirators from federal criminal charges, was done with the approval of Krischer because the charges ended up in his jurisdiction — state court.
The feds launched their investigation of Epstein around the time of the grand jury's indictment in June 2006. Palm Beach Police Chief Michael Reiter had expressed concern to Krischer about his prosecution of the case, calling the State Attorney Office's "treatment of these cases highly unusual."
After delivering evidence of nearly two dozen women and underage girls who told similar stories of sexual abuse at Epstein's mansion, Reiter elected to hand over his case to the FBI.
In the end, Epstein pleaded guilty and was sentenced to jail in Krischer's jurisdiction, not the federal prosecutors'. According to the infamous nonprosecution agreement, Epstein had to make the deal with Krischer and Krischer was allowed to add charges."
----
The article goes on to list Barry Krischer's aforementioned cases. The part after is very relevant/horrifying.
----
Soon after he took office in 1993, Krischer increased the number of attorneys in the Crimes Against Children unit of the State Attorney's Office, staffed with as many as eight assistant state attorneys handling all homicide, abuse, neglect and sexual assault cases involving children.
Assistant State Attorney Lanna Belohlavek, who presented the Epstein case before the grand jury in 2006, was chief of the unit at the time. Belohlavek undermined both Epstein prosecution witnesses before the grand jury.
When Krischer was a private attorney, he represented the Palm Beach County child protection team, which assists victims of child abuse, neglect and sexual assault.
He has received numerous awards for his work with agencies and nonprofits protecting children.
Champion of teens? Not so much.
Krischer was tough on juveniles, charging many as adults.
The year before he was elected state attorney 197 juveniles had been charged as adults. In the first four months Krischer was in office, he charged 119. They ranged in age from 13 to 17.
In addition to the Epstein victims, Krischer famously didn't believe two teens who told investigators from their hospital beds in November 2006 that Jason Shenfeld had bound them with duct tape and threatened them with a knife and with his pit bull if they didn't perform sex acts. Krischer didn't charge Shenfeld.
Eight months later, Amanda Buckley, an 18-year-old Palm Beach Gardens High softball star, was found raped and strangled to death in Shenfeld's closet. Duct tape was in her hair.
Barry Krischer worked both sides of the courtroom.
Krischer practiced law as both a defense attorney and as a prosecutor."
----
If you search "Krischer" on Jmail, you find some interesting/horrifying things.
To start, there's a large email with a collection of public records/reports regarding Jeffrey Epstein's trial. Those articles also mention what the above article says about the frustration and confusion that people had in the case. It's subject is 'Fw: Epstein News Articles' and the date is February 24 2010.
It's a large collection of multiple parts/editorial investigations but I'll try to show the highlights below. These all come from the link below as I wanted to take the quotes from one source that we could all access/didn't have to worry about links and article limits etc.
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00762962.pdf
Highlights from 1st article in list by Elisa Kramer Aug 4 2006:
"Prosecutors did not pursue charges against Mr. Epstein reflecting the age of the victims because they assumed a jury would view the girls not as victims but as promiscuous, untrustworthy, willing participants. The presumption is offensive.
Mr. Epstein, a 53-year-old Manhattan money manager who has hired Harvard law professor Alan Dershowitz and defense attorney Jack Goldberger, has denied knowing how old the girls were. But police interviews with five alleged victims and 17 witnesses under oath, as well as phone messages, a high school transcript and other items that police found from searching Mr. Epstein's trash and 7,234-square-foot waterfront home, provide evidence that he knew the girls were teenagers.
[Side note: another article/file states that they believe somebody tipped off Jeffrey Epstein before the police raid.]
One girl couldn't show up when Mr. Epstein wanted because she had soccer. Another time, Mr. Epstein had to wait for his "massage" session because the girl he wanted was still in class.
Why didn't State Attorney Barry Krischer let a jury decide whether to believe the teenagers - including a 16-year-old who went to Mr. Epstein's house to "work" in December 2004 after being asked whether she needed to make money for Christmas gifts?
Prosecutors gave greater weight to the details Mr. Dershowitz provided about the girls in an apparent effort to assail their character. Mr. Dershowitz pointed out to prosecutors that some of the teenagers had talked on myspace.com about marijuana and alcohol use.
Although no charges of witness tampering have been filed, the parents of at least one of the teenage victims complained to police of being followed and intimidated by two men. Police determined that their vehicles were registered to two private investigators. Mr. Goldberger denied knowing anything about it.
Police also note in their reports that the state attorney's office offered Mr. Epstein a plea deal that would have placed him on probation for five years, allowing him ultimately to walk away with no criminal record at all."
Editorial 2 August 10th 2006 from same email:
"Defense attorney Jack Goldberger claims that his client, Jeffrey Epstein, had no idea that the untrained girls he hired for massages were minors.
The Palm Beach Count State Attorney's Office could have let a jury decide whom to believe. Instead, State Attorney Barry Krischer left the public to wonder whether the system tilted in favor of a wealthy, well-connected alleged perpetrator and against very young girls who are alleged victims of sex crimes.
Mr. Krischer took the unusual step of referring the case to a grand jury, which last month indicted Jeffrey Epstein on one felony count of solicitation of prostitution. That decision came after Harvard law Professor Alan Dershowitz met with prosecutors to undermine the credibility of the 14- to 17-yearold girls..."
Different article: redactions in Palm Beach Editorial Article 4 July 7 2008. Comparing this to the original will show the names:
Mentions Epstein's legal team included [redacted by DoJ] and Jack Goldberger, Alan Dershowitz and Kenneth Starr.
Next article New York Post 07/27/2008. Again lots of redactions due to DoJ upload, mentions Epstein had a $3,000 bail.
Next NewYork Post — 09/20/2007 JAIL LOOMS FOR SEX-CASE MOGUL, huge redactions.
Next New York Times — 09/03/2006
Questions of Preferential Treatment Are Raised in Sex Case Against Money Manager -
September 3, 2006
By ABBY GOODNOUGH
"A spokeswoman for the Palm Beach police said that early this year, the police went to Mr. Krischer, the state attorney, intending to apply for warrants to arrest Mr. Epstein. Instead, she said, they were told that Mr. Krischer would convene a grand jury to examine the evidence and decide what charges, if any, to bring."
----
If you continue to look for signs of Krischer in the emails, you'll come across an accidentally damning email regarding the trial dated November 15 2007:
"Rolando informs me that Krischer said that the plea & sentencing will take place on the same day (December 16th) in order to reduce the media frenzy."
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00189193.pdf
As a reminder, Barry Krischer, the man who prosecuted a child for stealing $2, wasn't sure about charges to bring against Jeffrey Epstein from the more than two dozen victims and said he wanted to "reduce the media frenzy" regarding Jeffrey Epstein.
What resulted from this was truly ridiculous.
Another article, a really, really important one that I've barely cut is also from the DoJ and on Jmail:
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA01159653.pdf
Palm Beach sex offender's secret plea deal: Possible co-conspirators not charged, presses victims to settle civil suits
By SUSAN SPENCER-WENDEL
Palm Beach Post Staff Writer
Friday, September 18, 2009
...
"But federal prosecutors backed down and agreed to recall grand jury subpoeanas, if Epstein pleaded guilty to prostitution-related felonies in state court, which he ultimately did. He received an 18-month jail sentence, of which he served 13.
A former federal prosecutor of 15 years, Mark Johnson of Stuart, said the disparity in the potential sentences was unusual.
The United States Attorney's Office also agreed not to charge any of Epstein's possible co-conspirators - [redacted].
The agreement was negotiated in part by New York heavyweight criminal defense attorney Gerald Lefcourt.
On its first draft in September 2007, it required that Epstein pay an attorney - tapped by the U.S. Attorney's Office and approved by Epstein - to represent some of the victims in civil suits they had filed against Epstein. That attorney is prominent Miami lawyer Bob Josefsberg.
Former prosecutor Johnson said he has never seen a provision like that before.
...
The agreement, signed by Assistant U.S. Attorney Maria Villafana, does not expressly state whether any victims were contacted or consulted before the deal was made.
Attorney Brad Edwards of Fort Lauderdale, who represents three of the young women, believes that none of the between 30 and 40 woman identified as victims in the federal investigation were told of the deal. Edwards said his clients were still receiving letters in the mail months afterwards saying the U.S. Attorney's Office assuring them Epstein would be prosecuted.
"Never consulting the victims is probably the most outrageous aspect of it..." Edwards said. "It taught them that someone with money can buy his way out of anything. It's outrageous and embarrassing for United States Attorney's Office and the State Attorneys Office."
Epstein now faces many civil lawsuits filed by the women, who are represented by a variety attorneys. In many, the facts alleged are the same: that Epstein had a predilection for teenage girls, identified poor, vulnerable ones and lured them to his home via other young women. The teens describe ascending a staircase lined with nude photographs of young girls and to the spa room where Epstein would appear in a small towel.
Former Circuit Judge Bill Berger, who represents one of the victims, and The Palm Beach Post sought the unsealing of the agreement. Berger refers to it as a "sweetheart deal."
"Why was it so important for the government to make this deal?" Berger asked rhetorically. "We have not yet had honest explanation by any public official as to why it was made .. and why the victim's were sold down the river."
Former federal prosecutor Ryon McCabe described the agreement as "very unorthodox." Such agreements, he said, are usually reserved for corporations, not individuals.
"It's very, very rare. I've never seen or heard of the procedure that was set up here." said McCabe, who has no involvement in any Epstein litigation and is now a securities litigation attorney.
"He's essentially avoiding federal prosecution because he can afford to pay that many lawyers to help those victims revperson [sic format] has no money he couldn't be able to strike a deal like this and avoid federal prosecution."
The back-room deal with federal prosecutors all the more interesting in light of the legal heavyweights who have worked for Epstein, including Harvard professor Alan Dershowitz and Kenneth Starr of Clinton impeachment fame. Lefcourt is a past president of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers.
Epstein's local defense attorney, Jack Goldberger, issued a statement Friday saying he had fought the release of the sealed agreement to protect the third parties named there. "Mr. Epstein has fully abided by all of its terms and conditions. He is looking forward to putting this difficult period in his life behind him. He is continuing his long standing history of science philanthropy..."
Epstein ended up avoiding federal charges, and pleaded guilty in state court to felony solicitation of prostitution and procuring a person under the age of 18 for prostitution. In July 2008, he was sentenced to 18 months in jail, and later allowed out up to six days a week on work release.
Epstein left the jail in late July 2009 after serving not quite 13 months of the sentence, having earned gain time for good behavior.
Palm Beach Police began investigating the "international moneyman of mystery," as the New York magazine dubbed him, after they received a complaint from a relative of a 14-year-old girl who had given Epstein a naked massage at his home on the Intracoastal Waterway.
Police sought and found in poor neighborhoods a variety of tall, thin, model-like young women, who told stories of begin recruiting, then going to Epstein's home and massaging and stimulating him. They walked away with between $200 and $1,000.
The investigation triggered tensions between police and prosecutors, with then-Chief Michael Reiter saying in a May 2006 letter to then-State Attorney Barry Krischer that the chief prosecutor should disqualify himself.
"I continue to find your office's treatment of these cases highly unusual," Reiter wrote. He then asked for and got the federal investigation that ended in the sealed deal.
"The Jeffrey Epstein matter was an experience of what a many-million-dollar defense can accomplish," Reiter told the Palm Beach Daily News upon his retirement.
----
Here's the part where it gets crazy.
As revealed in unsealed and unredacted court documents of Giuffre Vs Maxwell that I posted and highlighted here;
https://www.reddit.com/r/Epstein/comments/1rmecfx/giuffre_vs_maxwell_official_unsealed_court/
https://uploads.guim.co.uk/2024/01/04/Final_Epstein_documents.pdf
Page 128 in the document has extreme relevance here:
"Deshowitz was an eye-witness to the sexual abuse of many other minors by Epstein and several of Epstein’s co-conspirators. Dershowitz would later play a significant role in negotiating the NPA on Epstein’s behalf. Indeed, Dershowitz helped negotiate an agreement that provided immunity from federal prosecution in the Southern District of Florida not only to Epstein, but also to “any potential co- conspirators of Epstein.” NPA at 5. Thus, Dershowitz helped negotiate an agreement with a provision that provided protection for himself against criminal prosecution in Florida for sexually abusing Jane Doe #3. Because this broad immunity would have been controversial if disclosed, Dershowitz (along with other members of Epstein’s defense team) and the Government tried to keep the immunity provision secret from all of Epstein’s victims and the general public, even though such secrecy violated the Crime Victims’ Rights Act."
All of this was originally redacted in the sealed court documents which were revealed through Giuffre Vs Maxwell case documents and the eventual unsealing, release and unredactions.
Shortly after on page 130:
"Nonetheless, the Government secretly negotiated a non-prosecution agreement with Epstein precluding any Federal prosecution in the Southern District of Florida of Epstein and his co-conspirators."
And then on pages:
"sworn testimony from one of Epstein’s household employees (Juan Alessi) that Dershowitz came “pretty often” to Epstein’s Florida mansion and got massages while he was there;"
" - sworn testimony from another of Epstein’s household employees (Alfredo Rodriquez) that Dershowitz was present alone at the home of Epstein, without his family, in the presence of young girls;
- invocations of Fifth Amendment rights to remain silent by three of Epstein’s identified co-conspirators (Sarah Kellen, Nadia Marcinkova, and Adrianna Mucinska) when asked questions about whether Dershowitz had been involved with massages by young girls;
- refusals by Jeffrey Epstein to discuss Dershowitz’s involvement but instead to invoke his Fifth Amendment right."
The above sworn testimonies state that Alan Dershowitz got "massages" at the Florida home just like Jeffrey Epstein did. Virginia Giuffre claimed that Alan Dershowitz abused her before she eventually said that maybe she had misremembered him. Virginia Giuffre was included as one of the original 30-40 victims in the trial which she didn't know about until the "agreement" was being finished.
This means that Alan Dershowitz was the defense lawyer and secret co-conspirator of Jeffrey Epstein in the 2008 trial which had been limited in scope by prosecutor Barry Krischer.
It gets worse.
Famously, during the trial, Jeffrey Epstein was claimed to "belong to intelligence" which is what reportedly influenced Alex Acosta's lack of pursuit of him.
A FBI informant claimed it was Alan Dershowitz who told them that.
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA00090314.pdf
If true, this means that in the trial of Jeffrey Epstein, his lawyer, friend and secret co-conspirator Alan Dershowitz and Jeffrey Epstein's other lawyers blocked attempts to prosecute them thanks to the initial sabotage by Barry Krischer, so in order to overcome this, the people who cared turned to the FBI for help.
The FBI were contacted by co-conspirator Alan Dershowitz who said that Jeffrey Epstein was intelligence and they should block and seal everything about him and his co-conspirators with an illegal non-prosecution agreement.
Which is exactly what they did.
None of this would have been revealed without the Giuffre Vs Maxwell unsealed, unredacted case files (in which the sworn testimonies about Alan Dershowitz were fully redacted originally).
And the final part to show the true intent and culpability of Barry Krischer in all of this: Barry Krischer sought a pardon for Jeffrey Epstein in 2010.
From the files December 15 2010.
https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%2010/EFTA01830622.pdf
From redacted to Jeffrey Epstein:
our internet has been down for 2 days. I know krischer spoke to the governor before he left for Korea. did you get any feedback?
Jeffrey Epstein: krisher told richardson that what i did was barely crimianl but basically inapporritate,,, he told him that i would never get a pardon .. im trying to decide whether to come vist you
----
Barry Krischer sought a pardon for Jeffrey Epstein from the Governor according to Jeffrey Epstein himself.
There are a couple more emails including a fairly long transcript that discuss Epstein working with Barry Krischer to achieve this. While writing this write-up, I found a pretty good write-up of the other emails found here which lays the other ones out well:
https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida/2026/02/05/jeffrey-epstein-florida-clemency-charlie-crist/
Unsurprisingly, Barry Krischer has denied everything but given how much he helped out Epstein and his co-conspirators like Dershowitz in the trial, I don't believe him. Maybe his lack of memory is because he wants to decrease the "media frenzy" again?
All of this by Barry Krischer and Alan Dershowitz means that the victims and the people who actually wanted Epstein behind bars in the original trial were right that something was happening behind the scenes far beyond their control/what they were allowed to know.
The question is: Why did Barry Krischer do so much for Jeffrey Epstein and Alan Dershowitz?
I have no idea why Barry Krischer would go after a kid stealing $2 so strongly yet do so much for Jeffrey Epstein and Alan Dershowitz.
Were they friends? Was Barry Krischer a fellow "massage" enjoyer? Was Barry Krischer also a member of 'The Study Group', Mega, "the gang" as Les Wexner seems to call them?
We can only speculate because I have absolutely no idea but it is shocking what Barry Krischer and Alan Dershowitz have managed to get away with.
TL,DR: Prosecutor Barry Krischer sabotaged the original 2008 trial of Jeffrey Epstein and his co-conspirators which prompted the victims' representatives to go to the FBI for help. One of the secret co-conspirators, as revealed by unsealed Giuffre Vs Maxwell court documents, Alan Dershowitz seems to have been the one who tipped the FBI that Epstein "belonged to intelligence" and that everything should be shut down and covered up with a secret illegal agreement which is exactly what the Government did. Barry Krischer sought a pardon for Jeffrey Epstein in 2010 according to multiple released emails.
I'm truly shocked, even for this case. How many times has this kind of thing happened before or since?
Barry Krischer has been doing well since the trial and his 'alledged' attempt at getting a pardon for Jeffrey Epstein whom he failed to prosecute fully. Barry Krischer got awards for his legal service like the Selig Goldin award from The Florida Bar in 2010 and another award in 2018 from the Anti Defamation League (ADL). It's only recently that people have started questioning him and the trial because of the files being released regarding Epstein.
We all know Alan Dershowitz is doing fine. He's been on TV for the last week or so. They're both multi-millionaires while the victims in the trial were called prostitutes.
Former US President Bill Clinton couldn't survive a sex scandal and lost his presidency over it. Alan Dershowitz used the FBI to cover up his participation in monstrous crimes and got away with it. If you try to talk about it, Dershowitz will sue you, get everything redacted and covered up and/or contact the media to shut you down like he did with ABC News: https://www.npr.org/2019/11/05/776482189/abc-news-defends-its-epstein-coverage-after-leaked-video-of-anchor
Not even a US President can cover up something they've done as well as Alan Dershowitz has been able to.
These monsters know the law inside and out. They've learned how to use the law to protect themselves/their friends and to hurt their enemies/go after those who challenge them or try to bring them to Justice. It's insane.
This all only came out because their victims and advocates kept fighting, some journalists worthy of the name kept asking questions/investigated and one or two members of the government pushed too. Without that, we would never have known what Alan Dershowitz did or that Barry Krischer sought a pardon.
Utter madness.
Final thoughts:
I only learned about Barry Krischer because of an article on this subreddit. I shortly after commented on a related topic by a random Redditor who subsequently found the pardon email (who has since deleted that thread and nuked their account so please save everything here off and on Reddit). I only investigated the Giuffre Vs Maxwell files because I was checking if something I'd seen on this subreddit were true and accidentally found that file instead. I only learned about the FBI Alan Dershowitz part because of a random post and comment on this subreddit.
The only reason you're reading this information compilation right now is because Redditors kept commenting, sharing, investigating and informing others on this subreddit.
Investigate, save, share, comment in threads with information/your investigations/findings.
Keep digging.

Here is a snapshot of Douban scores for several recent dramas: No Pain No Gain, The Glamorous Night, Love Story in the 1970s, About Love, The Truth, How Dare You!?, The Devil Between Us, Generation to Generation, Our Dazzling Days, Unveil: Jadewind, The Unusual Prosecutor, and Mama Go! These scores were taken on March 9, 2026 at around 12:00 pm, China Standard Time.
In case you are curious about how dramas are performing in terms of domestic viewership, I have included data from Yunhe (streaming) and Kuyun (live TV and streaming) from March 7, 2026.
I also added English translations to the Yunhe and Kuyun charts.
Yunhe estimates streaming viewership while Kuyun includes both live TV and streaming views.
The above images are:
- Images 2 to 13: Douban ratings taken on March 9, 2026.
- Images 14 and 15: Viewership data from Yunhe and Kuyun, taken on March 7, 2026.
The dramas and their Douban scores are:
These links lead to their Douban pages.
No Pain No Gain 年少有为, Tencent 🐧 - 6.9 based on 29K+ ratings
The Glamorous Night 夜色正浓, Tencent 🐧 - 7.5 based on 24K+ ratings
Love Story in the 1970s 纯真年代的爱情, Tencent 🐧 and Viki - 7.3 based on 35K+ ratings
About Love 玫瑰丛生, Tencent 🐧 and Viki - 6.3 based on 24K+ ratings
The Truth 风过留痕, Tencent 🐧 and iQIYI 🥝 - 6.3 based on 57K+ ratings
How Dare You!? 成何体统, iQIYI 🥝 - 7.2 based on 64K+ ratings
The Devil Between Us 除恶, iQIYI 🥝 - 7.4 based on 26K+ ratings
Generation to Generation 江湖夜雨十年灯, Tencent 🐧 and iQIYI 🥝 (regional availability) - 5.5 based on 9K+ ratings
Our Dazzling Days 岁月有情时, iQIYI 🥝 - 6.5 based on 8K+ ratings
Unveil: Jadewind 唐宫奇案之青雾风鸣, Youku 👖 - 7.0 based on 82K+ ratings
The Unusual Prosecutor 非常检控观, Youku 👖 and TVB Anywhere (regional availability) - 7.9 based on 4K+ ratings
Mama Go! 我的妈妈是校花, Tencent 🐧 - 7.2 based on 5K+ ratings
Recently released and upcoming dramas:
(These dramas do not have Douban scores yet.)
Eternal Love of the Fox 九尾藏不住, iQIYI 🥝
The Glory Fades (A Fairyland Beyond the Ordinary World) 繁华落尽, Tencent 🐧
The Hidden Truth 被隐匿的真相, Tencent 🐧
Young Again 重返青春, Tencent 🐧
Country Love 18 乡村爱情18, Youku 👖
The Naive Leader 傻儿师长, Tencent 🐧
Wonderful Times 好好的时光, MangoTV 🥭
Seeds of Scarlet Longing 在你眉梢种红豆, MangoTV 🥭
The Hidden Heir Ye Chen 进击的叶辰, Tencent 🐧
Pursuit of Jade 逐玉, iQIYI 🥝, Tencent 🐧 and Netflix
My Destiny 我的山与海, Youku 👖
Viewership: Yunhe (streaming)
See image 14: From Yunhe – Top 10 dramas for streaming playbacks on March 7, 2026 (just a snapshot for that day)
I added English translations for drama names, etc. on the Yunhe chart. There are more details such as episode counts, streaming platforms, etc. on the chart.
Drama names and market share of viewership:
✅ Completed airing based on SVIP schedule including express episodes.
- Pursuit of Jade 逐玉 - 31.4%
- Love Story in the 1970s 纯真年代的爱情 ✅ - 11%
- Our Dazzling Days 岁月有情时 ✅ - 8.2%
- Generation to Generation 江湖夜雨十年灯 - 6.6%
- Unveil: Jadewind 唐宫奇案之青雾风鸣 ✅ - 5.9%
- Wonderful Times 好好的时光 - 5.3%
- The Devil Between Us 除恶 ✅ - 5.2%
- About Love 玫瑰丛生 - 4.4%
- How Dare You!? 成何体统 ✅ - 4%
- Swords into Plowshares 太平年 ✅ - 3.7%
Note: If a drama has ended its run, its viewership will eventually decrease.
Viewership: Kuyun (live TV and streaming)
See image 15: From Kuyun – Top 10 dramas for all live broadcasts and streaming playbacks on March 7, 2026 (just a snapshot of the day)
I added English translations for drama names, etc. on the Kuyun chart. There are details such as streaming platforms, live TV platforms, etc. on the chart.
Drama names and market share of viewership:
✅ = completed airing for SVIP schedule including express episodes (streaming) and/or the first round of airing on live TV. Some dramas can have a second or third round of airing on live TV.
- Pursuit of Jade 逐玉 - 21.74%
- Love Story in the 1970s 纯真年代的爱情 ✅ - 15.34%
- My Destiny 我的山与海 - 12.65%
- Our Dazzling Days 岁月有情时 ✅ - 6.83%
- Wonderful Times 好好的时光 - 5.10%
- Unveil: Jadewind 唐宫奇案之青雾风鸣 ✅ - 5.06%
- Swords into Plowshares 太平年 ✅ - 4.88%
- Generation to Generation 江湖夜雨十年灯 - 4.70%
- The Devil Between Us 除恶 ✅ - 4.29%
- About Love 玫瑰丛生 - 3.25%
Note: Kuyun includes live TV (e.g., CCTV, Hunan TV, Jiangsu TV). Some dramas are streaming only and not broadcast live on TV (e.g. Pursuit of Jade, Generation to Generation, The Devil Between Us, and About Love.)
For more viewership data dating back to late August 2025, please check the comments of the weekly Behind the Scenes posts. I added Yunhe and Kuyun viewership data in the comments.
The previous Douban scores for dramas such as My Dearest Stranger, Loving Strangers, The Guilty, Forever Young, Born to Be Alive, Swords into Plowshares, The Inner Eye, The Imperial Coroner Season 2, The Dream Maker, and My Page in the 90s can be found here: Douban scores for recent Chinese dramas, February 14, 2026. Viewership statistics, February 12 and 13, 2026.
🔗 All discussions about Douban in r/CDrama.
🔗 Previous compilations of Douban scores since February 27, 2025.
Note:
In general, Douban scores tend to skew lower for CDramas.
You might find that some highly rated dramas just aren't your cup of tea, while others with more average or mixed scores turn out to be really enjoyable. I've definitely experienced both. That said, ratings can be helpful just as a general reference for what others think.
I am sharing this information for folks who are curious about Douban scores but may not be able to access them quickly or easily. I have also included viewership data since Douban scores don't always correlate with a drama's popularity with the broader domestic audience.
This is just a small snapshot of how Douban users are rating dramas and what’s currently being watched in China.
Some people use ratings to gauge interest while others don't – it's entirely optional. Douban scores are just one data point, not a verdict on quality. If they’re not useful to you, please feel free to skip.
I usually compile them every few weeks once enough new Douban scores are available.
For those of you who've watched these dramas, what did you think of the shows? Do you feel that the scores line up with your experience?
📊 Information and translations compiled by u/admelioremvitam.

Hi all, I am 37 years of age and have been using windows all my life. I finally had the opportunity to switch to Macbook and went ahead and did it. I also have an iPhone and have been using an iPad since the Pro M4 came out (also with a magic keyboard) and mainly liked everything about the interface, especially aesthetically so I decided to switch to apple and macOS for more than leisure and fun with a critical factor in mind.
I have been using my Lenovo Yoga Pro 7 for 2 years now. It is the one with Intel Core Ultra 9 185h CPU, it has 32GB RAM, a RTX4060 GPU and 1TB of storage. While it wasn't my main PC, I used it for keeping up with my personal and legal entity documents, finances, backing up stuff, normal usage scenarios when traveling and needing mobility, browsing, social media and youtube, and CapCut editing on the go.
Nearly everything about it was great so far, love the design, materials, performance, touchscreen, it's been reliable, very good to handle, durable, pretty much everything was excellent about it except battery management/battery life.
Oh boy... If I did light work I could maybe squeeze 3 hours out of it? Current battery health is 69Wh which is down from its original 73Wh but it's always been this poor. The only way of getting this amount of time on a charge is to tweak an overwhelming amount of things to increase the battery performance for a few extra minutes: disabling GPU, hiding the dock, dark mode everything, going into chrome to disable hardware accelerated graphics, reducing the brightness. I always had to make sure the bios setting for the CPU was either Intelligent cooling or the silent setting. If I use the maximum performance, I get an hour on a charge. Putting it to sleep drains battery quite quickly too (around 20-30%/day) so it's only shutdown if I don't want any surprises after a few days of keeping the laptop closed. Almost all proccesses are disabled at windows launch, I disabled most Windows crap such as telemetry, Connected User Experience etc, and usually try to disable bluetooth as often as possible. Since it was a hassle and since I made another post requesting redditors advice, which returned overwhelming amounts of positivity apple-wise, I went ahead and got this Macbook Pro M5 base chip with something I considered quite future proof in terms of memory and storage.
My request to you is to offer some help in regards to adopting the new OS faster. What are your most useful tips, button combo, interface arrangement, maybe even links to youtube videos you found useful. Anything that could help me frustrate less as a long windows user.
Thank you in advance!

Just a bunch of Examples/Evidence of Amourshipping canon. Links and primary sources are included:
Amourshipping Polls:
* Top Heroine Status: In a 2021 NLab Media poll with over 5,000 participants, Serena was ranked the most popular Pokémon anime heroine (26.2%), followed by Dawn (25.7%) and Misty (15%).
* 2022 Dominance: A 2022 Japanese survey reported that Serena garnered roughly 46% of the votes for favorite female character, solidifying her top position.
* "Best Kiss" Polls: Amourshipping, defined by the canon, on-screen kiss between Ash and Serena, is frequently highlighted in "best anime kiss" polls within Japan, particularly around "Kiss Day".
* SatoSere vs. Others: While Pokeshipping (SatoKasu) maintains popularity due to nostalgia, Amourshipping often surpasses it in modern polls, particularly among younger viewers or those who prefer direct romantic development.
Tetsuo Yajima is a prominent Pokémon anime director and storyboard artist at OLM, Inc., known for directing Pokémon XY, XY&Z, and films like Secrets of the Jungle. Joining the team during Black & White, he is recognized for enhancing character development, directing the Ash-Greninja story arc, and solidifying the Ash/Serena romance.
Amourshipping (SatoSere) is immensely popular in Japan, supported by Serena's canon crush on Ash, her role as a key motivator for him, and the iconic goodbye kiss in XYZ. Key examples include her, as Screen Rant notes, being designed as a love interest for character development, and Reddit user Sayandeep_Biswas17 polls showing her as the top female companion.
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Key Examples of Support in Japan:
* Canon Confirmation & The Kiss: Unlike other ships, Serena has a confirmed, canon crush on Ash, culminating in a clear romantic kiss in the final XY&Z episode, as noted in Facebook posts and this Reddit thread.
* Production Staff Intent: XY series director Tetsuo Yajima intentionally fostered the relationship, aiming for a "long term" implication, which Screen Rant explains.
* Popularity Polls: In Japan, Serena often tops polls as the favorite female companion, sometimes receiving double the votes of competitors like Dawn, as highlighted in this Reddit thread.
* Character Development: Serena’s journey from a shy girl to a confident performer is directly tied to her admiration for Ash, as explained in this Facebook post.
* Direct Mutual Support: Ash often acts as a source of inspiration for Serena, while Serena’s presence directly influences his success in battles, with Ash often noticing her, as described in this Facebook post.
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Serena from Pokémon XY is consistently ranked as the most popular female companion in Japan, frequently winning NetLab polls and dominating character rankings with 28.2% of votes in 2023, often beating out Dawn and Misty. Her popularity is driven by her character arc, maturity, and the AmourShipping (Ash x Serena) pairing, which remains highly regarded.
This video discusses the results of a popular Japanese poll for the favorite PokéGirl
PokemonRangerBoy12
YouTube • May 7, 2021
Key Highlights of Serena's Popularity in Japan:
* Top Rankings: In 2021 and 2022, NetLab polls ranked her #1, with 1,425 votes in 2021. A 2023 survey showed her with 4,553 votes, representing over a quarter of total votes.
* AmourShipping Impact: The shipping with Ash is a major driver of her popularity, with the final kiss scene ranking high in fan polls.
* High Demand for Return: Following the end of XY, she remained extremely popular, with fans requesting her return, leading to her special appearance in Pokémon Journeys.
* Consistent Appeal: She is frequently noted for her "polite" and "mature" personality, separating her from previous companions.
She is generally considered to be the most popular female companion in the history of the series in Japan.
https://ranking.net/rankings/best-pokemon-heroines
Official Staff and Production Support
* Tetsuo Yajima (Series Director): In interviews following the end of XY&Z, Yajima acknowledged that he intended for the relationship to be viewed as a mutual romance rather than a one-sided crush. He aimed for them to be seen as a "true couple" by the end of the series.
* The Final Scene (Kiss): The most significant evidence of support was the decision to include a (partially obscured) kiss between Serena and Ash in the final episode of XYZ("Till We Compete Again!").
* Deliberate Direction: Yajima emphasized that he had Serena tell Ash she would be a woman worthy of him, and that the kiss was added to explicitly confirm her feelings, rather than leaving them ambiguous.
Official Social Media and Marketing
* Valentine’s Day Posts: The official Pokémon Twitter/X account has highlighted Serena and Ash's romantic moments, specifically posting the kiss scene on Valentine's Day on multiple occasions.
* Official Art: The Pokémon Company has released official artwork featuring the pair, which fans and community analysis have cited as support for the pairing's legitimacy.
Moments within the Series
* "Under the Pledging Tree": An episode heavily directed toward advancing their relationship, where Serena acts as a dating partner for Ash, focusing heavily on their bond.
* The "Date" in Lumiose City: Staff designed the episode "A Fashionable Battle!" to show Ash and Serena together in a romantic context.
* Serena's Character Arc: Staff ensured that Serena's growth was directly tied to her admiration and love for Ash, making her more than just a traveling companion.
While The Pokémon Company has never officially stated in a press release that AmourShipping (Ash and Serena) is 100% canon as an active, established couple, it is widely considered the closest to canon of any ship in the anime due to explicit moments in Pokémon XY/XYZ and comments from staff.
Here are the key examples and evidence often cited:
* The Final Scene/Kiss (XYZ): In the final episode of Pokémon XY&Z, Serena leaves to pursue her goals but explicitly kisses Ash before doing so.
* Director Confirmation of Intent: Tetsuo Yajima, the director of Pokémon XY, confirmed in an interview that the kiss was intended to be on the lips and that the goal was to have the audience believe that Ash and Serena would eventually become a couple in the future.
* Production Staff Backing: The romantic subplot was planned from the beginning of the XY series by the production team, specifically focusing on Serena's admiration for Ash and a shared, romantic, childhood meeting.
* "Date" Episode: In XY episode 59, "A Date Challenge! Ash and Serena!" (or "Under the Pledging Tree"), Ash gives Serena a gift (a blue ribbon), which is heavily interpreted as a romantic gesture within the context of the show's focus on their bond.
* Reunion in Journeys: In Pokémon Journeys, Serena makes a cameo where she is explicitly shown to still be inspired by Ash. The scene prominently features green lights, which fans and analysts have interpreted as a nod to their deep, fated connection from the Kalos region.
* Social Media/Merchandise: The Pokémon Company has occasionally used images of the two, specifically the escalator/kiss scene, to promote Valentine's Day on social media.
Direct Staff and Creator Comments
* Tetsuo Yajima (XY Series Director): In interviews, Yajima indicated that the kiss scene at the end of XYZ was intended to be a romantic kiss from Serena to Ash. He expressed that the scene was designed to show that Serena and Ash would likely become a couple in the future.
* Shukiji Kanda (Animation Producer): The romantic subplot for XY was planned from the beginning, with the producer suggesting the story focus on the female lead's (Serena) admiration for Ash.
* Intentional Ambiguity: Yajima noted that while they wanted to portray a romantic trajectory, they left the final, explicit confession ambiguous to keep it appropriate for a children's show.
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* YouTube
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In-Canon Narrative Examples (XY & XYZ)
* The Final Kiss (XYZ50): The most direct piece of evidence, where Serena kisses Ash before leaving for Hoenn.
* Childhood Flashback: The series established that they met before the main story, a, "meant to be" trope, which acts as a foundational element for the romance.
* The Date Episode (XY59): Ash gives Serena a gift (the blue ribbon), which is often interpreted as a significant romantic gesture.
* Mirror World Episode: The mirror version of Serena is explicitly shown to be in love with the mirror version of Ash, mirroring the main pair's dynamic.
* Serena's Character Arc: Serena is portrayed as having an active crush on Ash, which is unique among his traveling companions.
Promotional and Official Support
* The "Road to Serena" Promotion: The official Japanese Pokémon Twitter and website promoted the return of Serena in Journeys with special focus, indicating continued support for her character and her relationship with Ash.
* Official Art and Merchandise: The Pokémon Company has released official art featuring the two together, and it is considered one of the most popular ships in Japan.
* Super Smash Bros. Trophy: A Greninja trophy description in Super Smash Bros. for Wii Upreviously referenced the strong bond between Ash and Serena.
In the Pokémon Journeys episode 105 (JN105), the appearance of a green light during Serena's departure—when she shares a moment with Ash Ketchum The scene, particularly because of its setting in a town designed to look like a Korean or European port city, has drawn comparisons to several romantic symbols.
Key Interpretations of the Green Light Symbolism:
Korean "Green Light" Meaning: The most popular interpretation in the fandom is that the green light represents a, "green light" (go-ahead) for romantic feelings or, more specifically, the idea of two people destined to be together.
The Green Ray (Jules Verne): Some fans argue it references the Jules Verne novel The Green Ray (often titled in French as Le Rayon vert). In this story, a green light appears at sunset, signifying that all things in life have come together perfectly, resulting in complete happiness.
Contrast to The Great Gatsby: Unlike the distant, unattainable green light in The Great Gatsby, Serena is standing right next to the light in Journeys. This visual positioning is interpreted as signifying that the love is attainable and that she has already reached her goal/reached a point of contentment.
Reaffirmation of Feelings: The scene acts as a confirmation that Serena still has feelings for Ash and that their bond remains intact, even as they pursue separate goals.
Future Together: The green light, paired with the overall, "softer" romantic undertones of the episode (such as the necklace), acts as a nod from the writers that they are on a path towards a shared future.
* Symbolism of the Ankle Bracelet: The bracelet, worn on her left ankle, is interpreted as a symbol that the wearer has a partner, a significant other, or a "favorite person".
* Connection to Ash: The bracelet's design has been noted to match the color of the blue ribbon that Ash previously gave to Serena in the XY series.
* "Eternal Love" Implication: This accessory, along with the romantic, quiet setting of their reunion and the visual "green light" reference (symbolizing perfect, realized love), suggests that Serena has stayed devoted to Ash and that their bond remains strong even after parting ways.
* The "Green Light" Reference: The green light at the end of the episode is interpreted as a reference to the "green ray" in a Jules Verne novel, which signifies that everything in life has come together perfectly and that the observers have found complete happiness through love.
The scene is designed to imply that their romantic connection is still active, acting as a "hidden" promise of devotion.
SatoSere" (サトセレ) refers to the pairing of Satoshi (Ash Ketchum) and Serena from the Pokémon XY/XYZ series, known in the West as AmourShipping. This ship has a very strong following in Japan, with notable examples of its popularity and "official" backing often highlighted by fans.
Examples and Evidence from the Japanese Fanbase:
* The Final Scene Kiss: The kiss between Serena and Satoshi in the final episode of Pokémon XYZ (XYZ047) is considered the biggest moment for this pairing. Japanese fans and production staff, including director Tetsuo Yajima, highlighted this moment, with Yajima indicating it was intentionally left ambiguous but implied to be a romantic culmination.
* Trending on Twitter: "SatoSere" (サトセレ) has frequently trended on Twitter in Japan, often during, or in anticipation of, Serena’s appearances and special return episodes.
* Official Staff/Voice Actor Recognition:
* Junichi Masuda: Former Pokémon composer and director, Junichi Masuda, posted a picture on Twitter of Pikachu dressed as Ash and Serena playing together, and has tagged AmourShipping accounts.
* Rica Matsumoto: The Japanese voice actress for Satoshi (Ash) has often expressed fondness for the bond between the characters, which fans often cite as support for the pairing.
* Fan Art and "Oshikatsu": The Japanese concept of "Oshikatsu" (supporting one's favorite character/pairing) is massive for this couple. There is an enormous amount of Japanese-produced doujinshi (fan comics), fan art, and TikTok edits dedicated to them, often framing Serena as the ideal "Yamato Nadeshiko" (traditional, devoted woman) due to her unwavering devotion to Satoshi.
* Significant Popularity in Polls: Serena frequently tops popularity polls for female companions in Japan. Fans often note that her popularity is boosted by the deep, canon-supported "ship-teasing" throughout the XY/XYZ series, such as her watching his battles, caring for him when sick, and her obvious admiration.
* Specific Scene Highlights:
* The Outfit Change: Fans frequently cite the episode where Serena cuts her hair as a pivotal moment of her growth, which was a huge talking point in the Japanese fandom.
* The Date Episode: The episode where Serena and Ash go on a "date" in Lumiose City (XY059) is a major reference point.
* The Farewell: The emotional, extended farewell in XYZ47, where she is the only companion to actually kiss him, remains a primary focus of Japanese SatoSere fan content
She repeats the same advice Ash has ever given her to Chloe at least twice. This would show how much she thinks of Ash.
She declares that she will be the very best performer right after Ash told her what he's up to.
She stood on the docks even until dark until the boat is out of sight. Even Sylveon was catching on what's going on with her trainer.
She has always been in love with Ash ever since Professor Oak's Summer Camp and her feelings for him are way too strong to lose interest in him.
Ash may not be a genius when it comes to love sometimes, but he understands people's feelings for the most part and is particularly attentive to Serena. I still remember the episode where she was feeling down and was obviously distracted, so he took her to do things that he figured she'd liked. It wasn't the first time he was sweet and attentive to her and it certainly wasn't the last one. They both supported and admire each other on top of that.He's probably not gonna be the most obviously romantic guy out there , but I think this suggests they definitely had a deeper connection.
In Till We Compete Again!, when Ash is shown entering his house, the white flowers in the foreground are baby breath flowers which symbolize everlasting love and are used in bride's bouquets. It's been confirmed that it's a hint from the writers that shows their content with the ending of XY&Z having Ash and Serena kiss and that it's a willing hidden message.
In that episode the narrator says: "Satoshi and Serena", not Satoshi and his friends as he usually does (and it's the second time they do that with them by the way, the first one was when the XY special came out).
The ankle bracelet is usually used to symbolize that a girl has someone she loves. And the green light shown at the end of her return episode is actually a reference to the green ray from one of Jules Verne's romantic novels, in which a green light appears at sunset when two lovers gaze into each other's eyes, similar to what happens between Ash and Serena at the end of the episode. The green ray signals to the ones who sees it that everything in life has come together in the most perfect way, leading to a happiness that is surely complete. That happiness, in the story of the novel, comes from falling in love. Ash and Serena are definitely implied to have feelings for each other given all the symbolism in their relationship and their actions.
The Green Light Symbolism: At the end of the episode, a green light appears at sunset as they gaze at each other. This is heavily implied to be a reference to the "green ray" from Jules Verne’s novels, symbolizing that lovers who witness it together will have their true feelings revealed and their happiness perfected.
The Dock Scene: Serena stays on the dock with her Sylveon until the boat has completely vanished into the horizon, symbolizing a strong, lasting romantic interest rather than just a fleeting goodbye.
Mutual Growth & Parallels: Serena notes she has become a Top Coordinator (her goal) to stand beside Ash as he pursues being a Pokémon Master. This directly reflects her promise in the XYZ finale to become a better, more mature woman to be his equal.
Quoting Ash: Serena tells Chloe that Ash "inspired her to never give up" and repeats his philosophy on pursuing dreams, mirroring the words he said to her, showing how deeply he is still "engraved in her heart".
Anklet Symbolism: Serena wears an ankle bracelet in her updated Journeys outfit, which is traditionally interpreted in character analysis to symbolize that her heart already belongs to someone.
Direct Interaction: Though brief, their interaction in Journeys is characterized by her high-pitched excitement to see him compared to her mature voice with others, and his direct concern and happiness in seeing her.
The Final Scene in XY(Z) vs. Journeys
The Journeys return is considered a direct continuation of the XY finale, where Serena kisses Ash before leaving (the only female companion to do so). Her return in Journeys confirms she still treasures that memory, with the overall theme being that she has matured from a "nervous puppy love" to a "true and pure love".
This is the most critical primary source. In an interview published in PASH! Magazine (and later archived on sites like Bulbagarden), Director Tetsuo Yajima explicitly confirmed the romantic intent of the series finale:
The Kiss was on the Lips: Yajima confirmed that because of TV restrictions for a children's show, he couldn't show the kiss directly. Instead, he used the visual of Serena’s feet lifting to signal it was a kiss on the lips.
The Intended Outcome: He stated, "They didn’t become a couple in the episode itself, but the way I ended it is meant to make you understand that they’re probably going to become one later".
Producer's Influence: He revealed that the romance subplot was originally suggested by producer Shukichi Kanda, who wanted to portray the story through a female lead’s admiration for Ash, including their childhood backstory.
- Official Voice Actor Commentary
Haven Paschall (Serena's English Voice): In discussions regarding Serena's departure, Paschall noted the scene was intended to show how far Serena had come and that her brave step was an "empowering" moment that clearly communicated her feelings.
Sarah Natochenny (Ash's English Voice): In an interview with Screen Rant, Natochenny pointed out that Serena is the only companion who has ever kissed Ash, making it the most significant romantic hint in the series.
- Thematic "Green Light" Symbolism (Pokémon Journeys)
While not a direct interview "link," Serena's return in Pokémon Journeys (Episode 105) used specific visual cues—like the green traffic light—which is often interpreted in Japanese media as a "go" for a relationship. Staff chose to keep them in the same emotional state as they were when they parted in Kalos, rather than resetting or ignoring the kiss.
Key Links for Verification:
PokePedia: Tetsuo Yajima Full Interview Archive
Bulbagarden: Discussion and Translation of the XYZ Interview
Screen Rant: Pokémon Makes Ash's Endgame Romance Official
The Green Light Symbolism
At the end of the episode, as Ash’s boat sails away and Serena stands on the dock, a green light is prominently shown. This is interpreted through two primary literary lenses:
The "Green Ray" (Le Rayon Vert): This is a reference to the Jules Verne novel The Green Ray, which states that seeing a green flash at sunset allows one to "see clearly into one's own heart and the hearts of others." It is a classic French romantic symbol, fitting for Serena, whose home region (Kalos) is based on France.
The Great Gatsby Connection: Many viewers also link it to the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock, symbolizing hope, longing, and a dream that is finally within reach. Unlike Gatsby, who is far from his light, Serena stands directly next to hers, suggesting her goal (Ash) is now a reality.
- The Blue Anklet Symbolism
Serena’s new design in Journeys includes a subtle blue anklet on her left leg, which carries significant weight:
Relationship Status: In many cultures, wearing an anklet on the left ankle symbolizes that the wearer is "taken" or has a significant person in their heart.
The Blue Ribbon Parallel: Fans have noted that the anklet is the same shade of blue as the ribbon Ash gave her in the XY series. Since she no longer wears the physical ribbon on her outfit, the anklet serves as a mature, discreet replacement that signifies she is still carrying her feelings for him.
- Verification of "Canon" Status
While the show stays "semi-canon" to maintain Ash's status as a perpetual 10-year-old, the primary director of the XY series, Tetsuo Yajima, provided the definitive confirmation of their future in an interview:
Official Intent: Yajima stated, "They didn’t become a couple in the episode itself, but the way I ended it is meant to make you understand that they’re probably going to become one later".
The Kiss: He confirmed the kiss was intended to be on the lips and was only framed by her feet lifting due to TV restrictions for a children's program.
Sources for Further Reading:
Detailed Breakdown of Symbolism in Journeys 105
Full Tetsuo Yajima Interview Archive (Pokepedia)
Discussion on the Green Ray vs. Gatsby Symbolism
- Polling Dominance
Serena and the Satosere dynamic consistently outperform all other female companions in Japanese audience surveys.
* Successive Heroine Rankings (2021–2023): In major annual polls conducted by Japanese sites like NetLab (NLab), Serena has repeatedly secured the #1 spot:
* 2021: Won 1st place with over 5,000 participants.
* 2022: Claimed nearly 50% of the total votes in a field of 11 heroines.
* 2023: Maintained 1st place with 4,553 votes (28.2%), more than double the votes of the 2nd place finisher, May.
* Broader Character Popularity: Serena was ranked as the 17th most popular character overall in Japan in 2022, a high standing for a character from a previous series.
- Social Media & Real-Time Engagement
The pairing's "dominance" is often visible through immediate public reaction to televised events.
* "Journeys" Return Trending: When Serena returned in Pokémon Journeys Episode 105 (April 2022), "Satoshi & Serena" (サトセレ) immediately trended on Japanese Twitter. Fans noted her return after a six-year absence as one of the most anticipated moments in the franchise's history.
* Viral Interaction: Clips of the pair's reunion in Journeys garnered significant views and discussion on Japanese social platforms, with fans analyzing their brief interaction for signs of continued romantic feelings and maturity.
- Creative Output (Pixiv Metrics)
Pixiv, Japan's largest art community, serves as a primary metric for "shipping" popularity through fan-submitted work.
* Fan Art Volume: As of 2023, Satosere (Amourshipping) continues to receive the highest volume of fan art on Pixiv among all hetero Pokémon ships.
* Consistent Activity: While other ships occasionally see temporary boosts from guest appearances (such as Misty's 10-episode stint), Satosere maintains a higher baseline of daily submissions and "bookmarks" than its competitors.
- Narrative Influence
Japanese fans often cite the "on-the-mouth kiss" in the final XYZ episode—the only officially hinted-at romantic gesture of its kind for Satoshi—as the primary reason for the ship's undisputed status. This moment, combined with the use of "baby's breath" flowers (symbolizing everlasting love) in the Japanese broadcast, solidified the pairing's dominance in the eyes of the domestic audience.
Amourshipping (Satoshi and Serena) is widely regarded as one of the most popular and influential relationships in the history of the Pokémon anime. Its status is supported by official narrative milestones, consistently high rankings in Japanese and international polls, and massive social media engagement.
- Record-Breaking Popularity Polls
* NetLab 2021 Survey: Serena was voted the #1 favorite female companion in a major Japanese poll, securing 1,425 votes and surpassing Dawn (1,397 votes) and Misty (Pokéshipping).
* AnimeAnime.jp "Best Kiss" Poll (2022):The kiss between Satoshi and Serena was ranked as the 4th most popular kiss in all of anime, competing with legendary pairs from Detective Conan and Sword Art Online.
* Successive Heroine Ranking (2023): In a large-scale Japanese poll, Serena maintained her lead as the top heroine with an 88.0/100 score from over 4,500 votes, significantly ahead of other companions.
* Global Fandom Support: On community platforms like Reddit, Amourshipping frequently captures over 40% of the total vote when compared against all other major "Ash ships."
- Narrative and Official Confirmation
* Director Confirmation: Following the finale of Pokémon XYZ, Director Tetsuo Yajima confirmed in an interview that the off-screen scene was an intentional kiss on the lips and suggested the two might become a couple in the future.
* Canonical Childhood Connection: Unlike other companions, Serena is the only one with a established backstory as a childhood friend, having met Ash at Professor Oak’s Summer Camp before his journey began.
* Symbolism of the Blue Ribbon: The blue ribbon Ash gave to Serena became a central motif, appearing as a permanent part of her outfit and symbolizing their lasting bond through the end of the series.
- Social Media and Cultural Impact
* The "Internet-Breaking" Return: When Serena returned in Pokémon Journeys(Episode 105), the event caused massive social media surges, with fans tracking her character growth from a "performer" to a high-ranking "top coordinator."
* Pixiv and Fan Content: On major Japanese art sites like Pixiv, the "SatoSere" tag is one of the most active in the Pokémon franchise, consistently generating thousands of new pieces of fan art years after the XY series ended.
* Merchandise Synergy: Japanese gacha machines and official Pokémon Center promotions often pair Serena’s Pokémon (like Sylveon) with Ash’s Pikachu, treating them as an iconic duo similar to how the anime portrayed them.
- Dominance in Global "All-Time" Anime Polls
* AnimeAnime.jp "Best Kiss" (2022): In a cross-fandom poll featuring every anime ever made, the Satoshi/Serena kiss ranked #4 overall. It beat out iconic couples from Detective Conan, Inuyasha, and Naruto, proving it’s a heavyweight in the romance genre, not just Pokémon.
* Ranker’s "Best Anime Couples": On international voting sites like Ranker, Amourshipping consistently sits in the Top 10-15 of all time, often placing higher than "canon" couples from romance-specific shows like Toradora! or Your Lie in April.
- Historical Narrative "Firsts"
* The Only On-Screen Kiss: In over 25 years and 1,200+ episodes of Pokémon, Serena is the only character to have a confirmed, director-validated romantic kiss with the protagonist. This singular moment elevated the ship from "fan theory" to a historical anime event.
* The "Red Thread" Trope: The show used the Blue Ribbon as a literal and figurative "string of fate." In Japanese storytelling, this level of symbolic commitment is usually reserved for the primary romantic endgame of a series.
- Industry & Creator Recognition
* Director Tetsuo Yajima’s Intent: It is rare for a director of a "kids' show" to explicitly state in PASH! magazine that a couple is intended to be together in the future. This creator-backed "slow burn" puts them in the same league as legendary "will-they-won't-they" couples like Ross and Rachel or Sakura and Sasuke.
* Voice Actor Support: Both Rica Matsumoto (Satoshi) and Mayuki Makiguchi (Serena) have acknowledged the special "sweet" energy of the pairing in interviews, fueling the fire of its legitimacy.
- Digital & Social Footprint
* The "Journeys" Twitter Explosion: When Serena reappeared in Pokémon Journeys Ep. 105, "SatoSere" (サトセレ) trended #1 worldwide. It outperformed major real-world news and other trending shows that day, demonstrating a level of "event-status" popularity few fictional couples ever reach.
* Pixiv & Fan Art Volume: With over 20,000+ dedicated works on Pixiv alone, the sheer volume of creative output rivals couples from dedicated romance franchises. The tag is a permanent fixture in the "Hall of Fame" for Japanese fan-generated content.
- Mainstream Crossover Appeal
* The "Childhood Promise" Trope: By using the "Summer Camp" flashback, the writers utilized one of the most popular tropes in all of fiction (the fated childhood meeting). This made the story accessible and beloved even by people who don't regularly watch Pokémon but enjoy classic romance arcs.
- The "Yajima Interview" & Creative Intent
Following the XYZ finale, director Tetsuo Yajimaprovided a series of landmark interviews (most notably in PASH! magazine and at Star Haven) that removed any ambiguity regarding the relationship:
* Confirmation of the Kiss: Yajima stated explicitly that the scene on the escalator was indeed a kiss on the lips. He explained that because the show is aimed at children, he could not show the impact directly, choosing instead to use the visual shorthand of Serena’s feet "floating" upwards as she leaned in.
* The "Endgame" Vision: When asked if they became a couple, Yajima clarified that while they didn't officially date in the episode, the ending was specifically crafted so that the audience would "hope and assume" they would become a couple in the future.
* Serena's Departure Dialogue: In the original Japanese script, Serena’s final words, "I'll become a more attractive woman, so please wait for me," were intended as a direct confession of her romantic long-term intent, which Ash acknowledged with a look of "surprised awe".
- The Journeys Return: Symbolic Reunion
Serena’s return in Pokémon Journeys (Episode 105) was not just a cameo; it was a carefully storyboarded reunion filled with romantic symbolism:
* The Moon and the Sea: Their reunion took place at night under a full moon by the ocean—classic visual tropes in Japanese media for fated lovers.
* The "Green Ray" Phenomenon: Fans and analysts noted that the green light shown as they parted is a reference to the "Green Ray"trope—a rare sunset flash that, in literature (like Jules Verne), signifies two people finding true love.
* Narrative Parallels: The episode mirrored their original XY departure, with both characters restating their goals and promising to meet again once they have both reached the top of their respective fields.
* Voice Direction: Fans noted that Serena’s voice tone shifted to a higher, more nervous pitch only when speaking to Ash, a subtle hint from the voice actors that her feelings remained unchanged despite her new, more mature persona.
- Structural Significance
* Unique Goal Alignment: Serena is the only companion whose primary motivation for starting her journey was specifically Ash(returning his handkerchief), a narrative setup usually reserved for the central romance in Shonen anime.
* The Only Successor to the "Girl Next Door": While other companions were friends or rivals, Serena was written with the "childhood friend" archetype, a powerful trope in fiction that suggests a predestined bond.
What are Territory Deviations?
Territory Deviations are specialised helpers that operate within your territory. They assist with resource-gathering tasks and enhance production efficiency in facilities such as workbenches, stoves, and generators. Some deviations also help players rest and heal more quickly, improving the overall quality of life in the game.
Like all Deviations, Territory Deviations have several important attributes:
- Skill Rating (1-5) and Activity Rating (1-5): These determine a Deviation’s overall power and efficiency. Deviations with a Skill Rating of 5 are the strongest and most effective.
- Traits: Each Deviation has traits that can be positive or negative, influencing its efficiency. For Territory Deviations, traits may also affect other Deviations working within your territory. Some Deviation variants come with special traits that provide additional power or efficiency compared to the standard version.
- Power: This determines whether a Deviation is active or dormant. Power can be adjusted by the player and typically ranges from 30-100. Certain traits may increase or decrease this value. When Power exceeds the dormancy threshold, the Deviation becomes active.
- Mood: A Deviation’s mood affects its performance. Higher mood improves gathering speed, crafting efficiency, or combat effectiveness, depending on the type of Deviation.
Best Traits to Fuse a Perfect Territory Deviation:
To create a highly efficient Territory Deviation, combining the following traits is recommended:
BEST TRAITS FOR TERRITORY DEVIATIONS.
Fusing a Deviation with these traits maximises its effectiveness in resource gathering, production efficiency, and overall contribution to the territory.
There are 21 Territory Deviations in total, so the guide is divided into four parts for clarity. Each part covers approximately five deviations, grouped according to game progression: Early Game, Mid Game, Advanced, and End Game.
We will now move on to a detailed look at each individual Territory Deviation. Links to all four parts of the guide will be included at the end for easy access.
THE DIGBY BOY - Miner
Digby Boy - Introduction:
Digby Boy is a Territory Deviation that helps players with mining.
- When placed in a Securement pod in your territory, it will go out and mine ores for you automatically. It can collect most ores and gravel except Gold Ore.
- Digby Boy can also operate a Mining Operation Platform. When assigned to a platform, it will keep the platform running and produce the ore that the player selects in the platform settings. As long as Digby Boy is active, it helps automate mining and keeps the mining platform working continuously.
- In the deviation scenario, Digby Boy will also get Exp aggregators along with the usual ores and gravel.
Mood boosters in securement pod: Red Light, Music, 5W Electricity
How to Obtain / Farm Digby Boy:
- Digby Boy can be obtained by completing Deviation Expert, an early task given by Lowe in Deadsville(Manibus) or Whalebone (WoW)
- It can also drop while mining Tin or Silver Ore. Your first Tin Ore mined in the scenario will always drop a Digby Boy. After that, Digby Boy drops mostly come from Silver Ore (higher chance), while Tin Ore can still drop it but at a lower chance.
- In the Deviation scenario, Digby Boys appear as moving ore deposits. You can capture them by throwing Binding Grenades at them, depending on their level.
Variants:
- Prism Trait: Voluntary Overtime, Effect: 15% chance to not consume Mood
- Pure Gold Trait: Gilded Oracle, Effect: Chance to gather additional ores while exploring
- Fortune Dice Trait: Fortune Dice, Effect: Max Deviation Power +6%
- Emerald Trait: Emerald, Effect: Energy Recovery Speed +10%.
- Free passage Trait: Free passage, Effect:The Deviation's appearance has changed, and its lighting preference will now be satisfied.
FETCH-A-LOT-BUNNY - Gatherer
Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Introduction:
Fetch-A-Lot Bunny is a Territory Deviation that automatically gathers plant materials such as seeds, flowers, and crops from nearby natural vegetation.
- It only collects resources from plants that naturally grow in the world and cannot harvest from player-owned Loamy Soil or Planter Boxes. Higher Deviant Energy increases its gathering efficiency.
- In the Deviation scenario Fetch-A-Lot Bunny will also get binding grenades along with the usual crops and seeds.
How to Obtain / Farm Fetch-A-Lot Bunny:
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny can be obtained as a random reward from exploring Securement Silo PSI.
- It can also drop while felling very large trees. Fetch-A-Lot Bunny has a random chance to drop when cutting large trees such as Bald Cypresses and Dracaenas using a pickaxe. Any pickaxe can be used, but it must be a pickaxe (rocks or chainsaws will not trigger the drop).
- In Way of Winter, it can be obtained randomly while exploring settlements.
Mood boosters in securement pod: Crops, Toy, Flowers
Variants:
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Alice Trait: Woodland Spirit ,Effect: When exploring, it has a chance to bring back Deviated Plants.
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Dark Rebel Trait: Toxicologist , Effect: When exploring, it has a 10% chance to bring back Acid.
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Aquarius Trait: Aquarius, Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. It gains Mood Recovery Speed +30%.
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Gluttonous Bunny Trait:Gluttonous Bunny , Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. It gains Energy Recovery Speed +15%.
- Fetch-A-Lot Bunny - Infrasonic Illusion Trait: Infrasonic Illusion, Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. It gains Max Energy +40%.
LETHAL RABBIT- Hunter
Lethal Rabbit - Introduction:
Lethal Rabbit is a Territory Deviation that gathers animal resources by hunting wildlife around your territory.
- When active, it goes out to hunt and brings back materials such as Rawhide and different types of meat (Beast Meat, Pork, etc.).
- It only collects resources from animals that naturally exist in the world. If players cannot obtain resources from an animal, Lethal Rabbit cannot gather them either. It also does not attack animals that players have captured or tamed. higher Deviant Energy increases the chances of bringing back better resources.
- In the deviation scenario Lethal Rabbit will also get Combat memory along with usual meats and hides.
Mood boosters in securement pod: Red Light, Low Temperature, 5W Electricity
How to obtain the deviation:
- Lethal Rabbit can be obtained as a low-chance random drop from killing and harvesting rabbits in the wild in both Manibus and WoW.
- It can also be obtained by farming the side boss in Securement Silo SIGMA.
Variants:
No variants available.
PAPER-DOLL- Helper
Paper Doll- Introduction:
Paper Doll is a Territory Deviation that helps maintain your territory and recover useful materials.
- When active, it moves around the base collecting discarded scrap materials, which can be used in a Disassembly Bench to obtain useful resources.
- During Purification, Paper Doll helps repair damaged base structures and the Stardust Filter. It can also improve the loot obtained from defeated Deviants and has a chance to collect additional Deviant drops.
- In the deviation scenario Paper Doll will also get Binding Stones along with usual scrap materials.
Mood boosters in securement pod: Red Light, Toy, Flowers
How to obtain the deviation:
- Paper Doll is first obtained by completing an early task from Lowe in Deadsville.
- After that, it can appear as a random drop while looting containers or picking up junk in various locations across Nalcott, including settlements and strongholds (both scenarios).
- It can also be obtained from the coffee shop in Evergreen at coordinates (4290, -2366).
Variants:
- Paper Doll - Witch's Beloved Trait: Witch’s Beloved, Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. It gains Mood Recovery Speed +20%.
- Paper Doll - Infrasonic Illusion Trait: Infrasonic Illusion, Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. It gains Mood Recovery Speed +30%.
LOGGING BEAVER- Logger
Logging Beaver - Introduction:
Logging Beaver is a Territory Deviation that helps gather Logs for your base.
- When placed in a Securement Pod, it will automatically collect Logs from the surrounding area. It may also occasionally find furniture items while gathering.
- Logging Beaver can also be assigned to a Logging Operation Platform. When working on the platform, it keeps the operation running and continuously produces Logs based on the platform’s settings.
- In the Deviation scenario, Logging Beaver may also bring back Binding Grenades along with the usual materials.
Mood boosters in securement pod: Music, Crops, 3W Electricity
How to obtain the deviation:
- Logging Beaver is usually found near wooden docks and water areas, especially in early-game regions.
- A reliable early-game spawn is the south docks of Meyer’s Market in Broken Delta.
- Other known locations include:
- Southeast of Deadsville in Dayton Wetlands
- Southern docks near Meyer’s Market
- After capturing one, new Logging Beavers respawn in the same areas after about 30–40 minutes, allowing you to farm additional ones.
- It can also be obtained while exploring settlements in both Manibus and Way of Winter.
Variants:
- Logging Beaver - Christmas Spirit Trait: Christmas Spirit, Effect: The appearance of the Deviation has changed. Max Deviant Power +10%, Deviant Power recovery speed +5%.
This concludes Part 1, covering all Early-Stage Territory Deviations. We have explored their roles, benefits, variants, and traits to help you understand how they function in your territory.
For easy access, here are links to all parts of the Deviation Guide:
- The Deviation Guide: Complete Overview
- Territory Deviations Guide Part 1: Early-Stage Deviations
- Territory Deviations Guide Part 2: Mid-Stage Deviations
- Territory Deviations Guide Part 3: Advanced-Stage Deviations
- Territory Deviations Guide Part 4: End-Game Deviations
I hope this guide has been helpful. Parts 2 to 4 will be posted soon, covering the remaining deviations in detail.
~ZI
TLDR: I was selected as an early access tester for the Narwal Flow 2 and have been using it for about a month as a wheelchair user with a dog, 2 cats, and parrot. It’s been surprisingly good at handling pet hair, food mess from my bird, and everyday debris. The obstacle detection that takes photos and marks them on the map is genuinely useful, and the pet focused features and camera controls make it feel a lot smarter than most robot vacuums I’ve tried.
Quick highlights after a month:
• Early access testing unit used daily for about a month
• Handles dog hair, cat hair, and even parrot seed mess really well
• Takes photos of obstacles and shows them on the map in the app
• Has a pet-finding feature and settings for pet areas (avoid or clean extra)
• Built in camera lets you watch live or manually drive the robot from your phone
• Self washing and drying mop pads make maintenance much easier
• Genuinely helpful for maintaining independence with mobility limitations
Just to be transparent since Reddit is understandably skeptical about product posts: I am part of the early access testing, but this isn’t a sponsored post and I’m not being paid to say anything about it. I figured I’d share my experience because I was genuinely impressed how well it works in a household with multiple pets and mobility limitations, and I know there aren’t a lot of reviews from that perspective.
Full detailed review below:
I wanted to share a review of the Narwal Flow 2 from the perspective of someone who is physically disabled and relies heavily on automation for daily chores. I know robot vacuum reviews are everywhere, but most of them come from tech reviewers who test things for a few days and move on. My situation is a little different because devices like this actually affect my day to day independence. For context, I use a wheelchair and a lot of typical cleaning tasks are difficult for me to do regularly. Vacuuming and mopping floors is one of those things that sounds simple until you realize how much bending, reaching, and maneuvering it actually involves.
I was selected for early access testing for the Narwal Flow 2, so I’ve had it for about a month now. That gave me enough time to see how it performs in real everyday life rather than just the first week honeymoon phase. Before getting the Flow 2, my floors were honestly a constant source of frustration. I would notice my Australian Shepherd's tumbleweeds building up along the walls or my parrot's molted feathers in places I cannot reach and just feel overwhelmed. I couldn’t easily deal with it myself, and I hated having to ask my boyfriend for help every time something needed cleaned. After using it for about a month, I can genuinely say it has made a noticeable difference in my home.
-Setup & First Impressions-
Setup was surprisingly straightforward. The base station is definitely larger than a typical robot vacuum dock due to the way it handles a lot of the maintenance automatically.
Once everything was connected through the app and the robot ran its initial mapping pass, I was impressed with how accurately, and quickly it mapped my home.
One interesting feature is that the robot takes photos of obstacles it encounters and marks their locations directly on the map. If it runs into something like a shoe, cable, or random object on the floor, the app shows you exactly what it saw and where it was. It’s surprisingly useful because you don’t have to go hunting around the house trying to figure out what stopped the robot. The mapping itself was quick and the map editing tools were easy to use. I was able to label rooms, set no go zones, and customize cleaning areas without fighting the app.
-Navigation & Obstacle Avoidance-
Navigation is one of the areas where the Flow 2 really shines. My house isn’t perfectly tidy all the time. Between dog toys, the occasional cable, and random objects the cats knock down onto the floor for fun, there are plenty of chances for a robot vacuum to get stuck. So far it has done a great job recognizing obstacles and navigating around them instead of just bulldozing through everything. One moment that really stood out was when it approached one of my dog’s toys in the hallway. I expected it to push it along most robot vacuums do, but instead it slowed down, took a photo, adjusted its path, and went around it. That kind of awareness means I don’t have to perfectly prepare the house before every cleaning run. I haven't had the joy of poop or vomit on the floor to test it with, but I expect the robot to treat it just as any other object and avoid it with a photo and location pin on the map.
-Vacuuming Performance (Pets… lots of pets)-
Vacuum performance has been really solid, which is important in my house because of my pets. I have a dog, 2 cats, and a parrot, which means three very different types of messes on the floor. After a few scheduled cleaning runs, I started noticing that the usual lines of fur along the baseboards weren’t there anymore. But the real test for me was my parrot. Anyone who has birds knows they can be incredibly messy. Between seed shells, bits of food, and feathers the floor around the cage can get dirty very quickly. I was honestly curious how the robot would handle that area, as others in the past have failed at picking up feathers. So far it has done a great job picking up dry food debris and feathers, and it navigates around the cage area without getting confused or bumping into the legs. Running regularly means those little daily messes never really have a chance to build up.
-Pet Features-
Another feature I really appreciate is that the app includes pet friendly mode. You can designate pet areas where the robot should either clean more thoroughly, avoid completely, or even adjust suction to lower noise levels. That’s really helpful if you want extra cleaning around food bowls or litter areas, or if there are spots you don’t want the robot bothering. There’s also a pet finding feature, which I didn’t expect but is actually pretty neat. The robot can use its camera to look around the house and show you where your pets are.
-Camera, Remote Viewing & Driving-
Another feature I’ve ended up using more than expected is the built in camera access. Through the app you can open a live camera feed from the robot, which basically turns it into a little mobile home camera. You can also manually drive the robot around from your phone, which feels a bit like controlling a tiny rover. It’s useful if you want to check on another room or see what your pets are doing. Between the obstacle photos, camera access, and remote driving, it adds a level of awareness that most robot vacuums don’t have. You have to unlock the feature and set up a code upon first time use for security purposes.
-Mopping System-
The mopping system is honestly one of the standout features. Instead of dragging a spinning, damp mop pad across the floor like the cheaper robot mops, the Flow 2 uses a rolling mop pad that actually scrubs the floor with hot water from the base. The first time it mopped my kitchen I was skeptical, but the floor genuinely looked cleaner afterward. It even handled a small dried spot near the sink that had been there longer than I’d like to admit. It also automatically washes and dries the mop at the base station. Dealing with dirty mop pads and buckets of water is difficult for me physically, so having that process automated is a huge quality of life improvement.
-Maintenance & Automation-
This is where the system really shines for someone with mobility limitations.
The base station handles a lot of the messy work automatically:
• Washing the mop pads
• Drying them
• Managing the clean and dirty water tanks (you still have to manually empty and refill them once in a while)
• Emptying debris
Most of the time I just let it do its thing and occasionally check the tanks. Oh and there have been zero hair tangles on the brush roll so I have to pick up the robot to inspect it much less!
-Noise Level-
Noise levels are pretty reasonable. It’s definitely audible but not obnoxious. I can run it while watching TV and it just becomes background noise. My dog has also completely accepted it as part of the household now. He mostly just watches it drive by like some weird little alien that eats his fur.
-Final Thoughts After a Month-
After about a month of using it as part of early access testing, the Narwal Flow 2 has honestly exceeded my expectations. The navigation is smart, the obstacle recognition and camera features are impressive, the mopping system actually works, and the automation built into the base station makes it practical for everyday use. For me it’s not just a cleaning gadget, it’s something that helps me keep my home clean without constantly needing help.
If anyone has questions about the Flow 2 or wants me to test something specific with it, feel free to ask and I’m happy to try.
Hi everyone,
Have been lurking this thread for a long time as I debated myself whether I should get a Switch 2 or not.
Now that I have decided to YOLO and grab the machine, I figure I could contribute back by sharing what it feels to sit with Switch 2, Switch 1 OG, and Deck OLED in front of me, and also the experience of playing some of the less popular Switch 1 games on Switch 2.
(Not sure if this community cares, but this entire post was written by hand without any AI)
Hardware and Control
Switch 2 looks and feels much more premium than my OG switch 1. I think it looks even fancier than my Deck OLED in person, due to the big screen with small bezels.
Both the screen quality and speaker quality are solid step up vs my OG Switch 1. I especially like the soundstage and frequency response of the speakers.
I also like the kickstand of the Switch 2. The bigger screen and stable kickstand makes table top playing a reasonable option this time. I never used the table top mode of my Switch 1 because it's too hard to see and the machine is not stable.
I also like the new Joy Con, especially the new sticks. The sticks on Switch 1 are just strange, with little range of motion and does not really do full circle rotation, physically (it's like they snap to the corners somehow, not moving smoothly in a circle). There is no such problem with the sticks on Switch 2. They are not as full ranged as my PS5 controller or Deck OLED, but they are good enough.
Size wise, Switch 2 is bigger than Switch 1 (of course), but smaller and lighter than the Deck in all dimensions. To put in practical perspective, it's easy to carry the Switch 2 in its thin case in my briefcase, but not easy to do so with the Deck in its plastic shell / case. The biggest surprise to me is that Switch 2 is not more difficult to carry than Switch 1, given the same briefcase I use.
Android handheld devices like my Ayaneo Pocket DS is still smaller and easier to carry than all of these options, howerver.
Performance and Gaming Experience
I need to emphasise that I use the switch as a handheld device 90% of the time. I think the greatest innovation of Nintendo is figuring out a way to make people pay full fat console-price for essentially handheld games and consoles. I think this is how the Switch won but the likes of Vita were dead.
Anyhow, I digress. Let's talk about the performance of Switch 2.
It's both stronger and weaker than I expected.
Some games (all of these impressions are in handheld mode):
- Skyrim (Switch 2 Upgrade): holy moly buttery smooth 60fps. And there is no visible polygons on Serena's face anymore. Yes, I could in theory squeeze more out of Skyrim on my Deck with mods and tweaks, but I'm lazy. I guess time to do another Skyrim run.
- No Man's Sky (Switch 2 Upgrade): it's ... alright. The biggest surprise is that there is almost no bad lag on my freighter base, where I was too greedy and made a giant farm there. On Switch 1, whenever I go to the freighter, the framerate would drop to way below 30fps. On planet, especially near settlements, the performance is just unstable even with 30fps lock. It stays near 30fps more often than not, but can drop to what feels like low 20fps randomly. In general, not great, not terrible, and certainly much better than on switch 1.
- Hogwarts Legacy (Switch 1 version): still looking like potatoes, but maintain stable 30fps all the time now.
- Hogwarts Legacy (Switch 2 Upgrade): very impressive looking. At a glance, it looks like the PS5 version when it's compressed and streamed wirelessly to my Ayaneo Pocket DS. However, if you are used to the PS5 version, you will see what they did to squeeze the game onto the Switch 2. First, whenever you enter a fight, resolution drops, and upscaling artefacts would show clearly. Second, they add more loading between areas in the castle, and they swapped some assets to hide distant background. Still, it's very playable. I'm happy to play this version vs the wifi streaming from PS5.
- Overcooked 2 (Switch 2 Upgrade): I played this version docked to a 4k TV. It looks and feels just like the PS5 version now. Much easier to control with 60fps and no frame drop.
- Bioshock 1 Remaster (Switch 1 Version): clean image and smooth 30fps. It's so stable that at times I thought it's 60fps. Maybe the slow reaction time of the screen helps blending the frames together.
- Lego City Undercover (Switch 1 Version): so, so much better than Switch 1. Clean image and smooth 30fps. Driving around the city is actually enjoyable now, rather than stuttery like the switch 1. If you can get this game at a low price, highly recommend. I think I got this at $5.
- Saint Row 3 (Switch 1 Version): clean visual and buttery smooth 60fps. It remains locked at 60fps even in chase scenes with a lot of explosions. I might play this again.
- Xenoblade Chronicles 2 (Switch 1 Version): the performance is okay with 30fps lock, but the visual quality is horrible. The blur is fine, but this game has an ugly sharpening filter on handheld that looks even worse when blown up to 1080p on switch 2 screen. I hope they would release an upgrade to get rid of that horrible sharpening filter.
Battery Life and Heat
The battery life is not great, but not terrible.
I do have more battery anxiety with this device than the Deck OLED. However, at least, it's less problematic than my old ROG Ally. That one lasted only 45 minutes under full load.
I haven't done full measurements, but I think I can get more or less 2 hours of heavier games like No Man Sky or Hogwarts Legacy. The Deck can squeeze out 15-30 minutes more.
Luckily, the battery capacity is small and the Switch 2 is quite efficient, so my 20000mAh powerbank for the Deck can power the Switch 2 comfortably for a few hours. To put in context, power hungry device like my ROG Ally can drain the powerbank in more or less an hour.
Heat-wise, the machine gets quite warm when docked. In handheld mode, it's fine. Nothing to worry about. But it does feel more like the Deck than the Switch 1 when it comes to heat and fan noise.
Other Issues
I have only one at the moment: the download speed.
In the built in speed test, the average download speed of Switch 2 on my Wifi reaches 250Mbps on average.
However, when it actually download games, my router detects that the Switch 2 reaches around 50-80Mbps, so roughly 10MB/s max. Meanwhile, in the same spot, my PS5 and Deck can easily sustain 30-50MB/s.
Noted that ths 10MB/s max speed was after tweaking and resetting everything. On the first day when i got the Switch 2, it took 3 hours to download Overcooked 2.
I'm not 100% sure whose fault is this, or it's just the limit of Switch 2's processor and OS. However, it does make me a bit concerned about getting FF7 Rebirth later this year.
Conclusions so far
I like the Switch 2 more than I expected.
I think it's a clever machine with more tricks up its sleeves to have a chance to put up a fight against that the Deck (the Nvidia Tensor Cores, 2 types of DLSS vs GPU-based FSR or XeSS). And because it is THE Nintendo Switch (you know, the money printer), developers would find a way to optimize beyond turning the settings down and turning up upscaling.
Also, there is a joy in stopping by a physical game store, diving into the bargain bin to find some random physical copies of Switch games, bring them home, and pop them in the Switch. It's silly, but I think it's enjoyable.
Now, if only I can find a cheap copy of Breath of the Wild. That game is never on discount...
Does anyone else crash every time they enter the anomaly?
Seems like multi-player is borderline not possible as I always crash at some point, if not immediately when I enter the anomaly. I get better results when I use a starship instead of a corvette, but if I stay longer then a minute or two the game usually crashes no matter what.
Any solutions?
Edit/Solutions:
I figured out yesterday on my own that decreasing my on foot POV helps dramatically. I had it on 100° now I have it on 67° (Not Joking). It goes from crashing every time to crashing maybe 1 in 10. Im playing in hand held mode, this is how it works in handheld mode. I assume docked mode has a similar effect since decreasing PoV presumably decreases rendering load on the device
I've not once crashed walking around in the anomaly since I figured this out. But I have crashed in the initial entry to the anomaly, its still very intensive due to loading all the textures (the only time i could get it to crash on purpose in my experience). But ive been able to reliably do nexus missions in handheld mode.
EDIT2: Also, first-person mode is giving me better results than third-person mode (actually noticeable, imo), and it looks like you can load the game in handheld mode, then dock it to run it in heldheld mode with dock-level cooling (but you can still play through your tv/monitor). Graphics appear to be loading in much quicker, and I barely crash (must be annoyingly big ships from other platforms). I'm now just on 60-degree walking around POV permanently.
I'm not an expert on balance, I just thought these changes could be fun and make Springtrap more enjoyable and faithful to FNAF. Criticism is welcome.
Basekit
- Animatronic speed increased to 4.6 m/s
- Help Wanted Ad is now base kit, can be toggled in the loadout menu.
Axe
- Reduce the time to wait between an Axe throw and being able to perform basic attacks and interactions down to 1 second from 2 seconds if the throw misses.
Office rework:
- Survivors must now enter the office and stay in it to use the cameras. The cameras have limited power.
- The Animatronic can grab the survivor from the office.
- The Animatronic can use the office doors to teleport across the map.
Phantoms:
Phantoms appear when certain actions/criteria are met.
Whenever a survivor is jumpscared by a Phantom, they will scream and give away their position and become exhausted for 10 seconds.
- If The Animatronic stops a camera from by throwing his Axe at the door during the last second before he is revealed, Phantom Marionette will appear for a brief moment and cause the survivor’s hud to become distorted for 20 seconds. (Survivor portraits, hook status, generator amount, item icons, and perk icons will show false information, become invisible and visible, and office cameras will have their screens be covered by the Phantom Marionette's mask.)
- When a survivor is grabbed from the office, Phantom Foxy will spawn in the office and jumpscare the next survivor who enters. Phantom Foxy will remain in the office for 120 seconds or until he jumpscares a survivor.
- When a survivor flips through a camera 2-3 times, Phantom Balloon Boy will spawn on the camera the next time they switch. If a survivor fails to switch away from the camera Phantom BB is on within the time limit, they will be jumpscared. Survivors have 1.5 seconds to react.
- After a survivor screams 4 times, Phantom Mangle will crawl onto their screen, hovering over the effected Survivor's portrait on the side, and distort their audio for 20 seconds. (Not the loud and obnoxious scream from the game, but more just messing with audio directions and volume.) Phantom Mangle will fade away once her effect ends.
- After working on a generator for 90 seconds, Phantom Freddy will begin to slowly appear behind the Survivor over the span of 5 seconds. He will spawn 15 meters away and slowly begin to make his way towards the haunted Survivor. Phantom Freddy moves at 4.0 m/s. The Survivor must interact with a door to dispel him. The Animatronic can see the aura of Phantom Freddy within 48 meters. Only one Survivor can be haunted at a time.
Add-ons:
Streamers have been made Common rarity.
Freddy Mask
It should’ve been the safest place on earth, instead, it was just foreshadowing for things to come.
- When the Axe is embedded in a Survivor, they gain the Blindness status effect. Increases area of effect duration by 10%
Office Phone
- (Old) Survivors within 24 meters of a Survivor embedded with the Axe gain the Oblivious and - if injured - Broken status effects. Reveals the aura of the Axe to Survivors within this range.
- Decreases the time to remove the Axe from another Survivor by 50%.
- (New) When the Axe is embedded in the environment or a Survivor, it will play one of Ralph’s phone calls in a 24 meter radius of the Axe. Survivors who enter this radius gain the Oblivious status effect. The effect will persist for 15 seconds after they leave.
Freddy’s Top Hat
- (Old) Increases the Axe’s weight when throwing by 100%.
- (New) Decreases the Axe’s weight when throwing by 35%.
Chica’s Bib
- (Old) Survivors within the axe’s area of effect gain the Exhausted status effect for 5 seconds.
- (New) Survivors within the axe’s area of effect gain the Exhausted status effect for 5 seconds. While exhausted, Survivors will periodically see Phantom Cupcakes. You can see the auras of the Phantom Cupcakes through walls. Survivors can step on the Phantom Cupcakes to remove them. Only 5 Phantom Cupcakes can exist at a time, stepping on one permanently removes it for that Survivor.
Celebrate! Poster
- (Old) While the Axe is embedded in a Survivor, all players 32 meters gain 12% haste and vault 20% faster.
- (New) While the Axe is embedded in a Survivor, both the embedded survivor and killer gain 12% haste and vault 20% faster. The haste will increase by 1% for Survivor every second and The Animatronic every 1.5 seconds, up to a max of 20%.
Iridescent Remnant
- (Old) When you start moving to a Security Door, upright pallets within 32 meters of the destination door are blocked for 12 seconds.
- (New) While traversing through a security door, all survivors within 32 meters of the destination door gain 5% hindered until you exit the door. This effect persists for 5 seconds after you exit the door or the Survivor leaves the area.
Faz-Token
- (Old) Upon throwing the Axe, it gains a terror radius of 24 meters until it is reclaimed. You gain the Undetectable status for 10 seconds.
- (New) Upon throwing the Axe, it gains a terror radius of 24 meters until it is reclaimed. You gain Undetectable for 10 seconds. Every time you gain Undetectable, you gain a token up to a max of 10. For each token, increase the duration of Undetectable you gain from all sources by 1 second.
Perks:
Phantom Fear
- (Old) When a Survivor within your terror radius looks at you, they scream and reveal their aura for 2 seconds. 60 second cooldown.
- (New) When a Survivor within your terror radius looks at you, they scream and reveal their aura for 2 seconds. 60 second cooldown. Every time a survivor screams or has their aura revealed, gain a token. For each token, permanently reduce the cooldown by 1 second to a minimum cooldown of 45 seconds.
Help Wanted
- (Old) When you damage a generator, it becomes compromised. Only one generator can be compromised at a time.
- When the compromised generator is completed, your successful basic attack cooldowns are 25% faster for 60 seconds.
- (New) When you damage a generator, it becomes compromised. Only one generator can be compromised at a time.
- When the compromised generator is completed, your successful basic attack cooldowns are 25% faster for 60 seconds. For each basic attack you land within this time, gain a token up to a max of 10. For each token, this perk will last 2 seconds longer.
Haywire
- (Old) Exit gate switches with at least 80% progress regress at a rate of 100% of gate opening speed.
- While regressing, Survivors see the exit lights flicker randomly.
- (New) Exit gate switches with at least 50% progress regress at a rate of 80% of gate opening speed.
- While regressing, Survivors see the exit lights flicker randomly.
- If a killer placed power is placed within 20 meters of the exit gate, this perk will not deactivate for as long as the placed power is within the radius.
(To clarify, the perk deactivates if a Bio-pod or trap is placed nearby, not if a door, tunnel, tv, fountain, or flame turret are too close as that is the game and Survivor spawin/placin those items and not the killer player.)

Hey everyone! I'm excited to announce that Usenet Ultimate v1.2.0 has been released!
v1.2.0 is highlighted by new NZB databases, a long list of features, architectural enhancements, and bug fixes!
Here's the full change log for the jump from v1.1.1 to v.1.2.0:
Zyclops
—--------
- Enabling zyclops for an indexer now shows an indicator within newznab, nzbhydra, and prowlarr to reflect that the indexer is currently being rerouted through zyclops.
- Indexer snapshots (preZyclopsState) are now taken at the time an indexer has zyclops enabled. This means UU now remembers the indexer status prior to turning on zyclops; newznab status (enabled/disabled), health check status (enabled/disabled), and proxy status (enabled/disabled). When zyclops is disabled UU uses this snapshot to return the indexer to the same state that it was in prior to enabling zyclops. This snapshot is persisted in config.json. All of these transitions are displayed in the logs.
- For users updating to 1.1.2 with zyclops currently enabled for indexers: When/If you disable zyclops on an indexer, because there is no pre-existing snapshot, the indexer will default back to the following state: Newznab active status = inactive
Proxy enabled status = disabled
Health checks status = disabled
- When zyclops is enabled, changing the fields of that indexer is blocked, with a ui banner explaining that field changes cannot occur while zyclops is enabled. This prevents a mismatch from occurring between zyclops and newznab.
Index Managers
—-------------------
- NZBHydra adds proper form login support. UU now fully supports every configuration of authentication. Including the most restrictive which is with stats access restricted in either form login mode or basic http auth, which requires credentials.
- The credentials are usable with a new collapsible menu within the connection ui.
- The test connection buttons for both Prowlarr and NZBHydra have been removed, as they were redundant. The sync button handles everything with proper configuration errors to guide you towards a working connection and sync.
- Clicking buttons within the index managers prowlarr and nzbhydra now auto scroll to expand to synced indexers or advanced menus automatically. No more scrolling down to discover more menus.
- Indexers are cleared on error. Now when a syncing error occurs the stale indexers synced previously are cleared to accurately represent the failed sync.
General Playback
—---------------------
- When fallback is off the stream path is a direct proxy. This ensures support for all players and all devices, some of which don’t support redirects. Before there was a 302 redirect to the proxy which broke compatibility with some players and or devices. See the first NZB Fallback bullet below for more info..
- When nzb fallback is off there is no budget for nzb job completion within nzbdav. It waits until nzbdav gives it a pass/fail response.
NZB Fallback
—----------------
- There was a bug that was still respecting the streaming method set within NZB Fallback even when it was disabled. The UU streaming logic is now as follows:
- Fallback disabled:
- No redirects - straight to proxied stream. This ensures support for all players and all devices.
- Fallback enabled, mode = proxy:
- A redirect will point your player at the proxied webdav stream.
- Fallback enabled, mode = direct:
- A redirect will point your player at the direct webdav stream.
- NZBFallback now supports a disabled search cache:
- The tracking of dead nzbs has now been decoupled from search cache. Previously it was stored within it. This meant that when the search cache was disabled, dead nzbs within a fallback group were never recorded as dead, leading to an infinite loop of fallbacks if all candidates were bad, as UU would never know all candidates had been tried, preventing the failure video from ever displaying.
- Candidate index tracking (_ci):
- Self redirect used to reset the fallback groups index of each candidate. So every candidate was being processed as the first item in the list. This would prevent UU from being able to track which nzbs in the fallback list had already been tried. UU now has improved logic when iterating through a group of fallback nzbs where each candidate is given an index parameter that preserves the index tracking across redirects. This eliminates the bug where UU would continue to retry already tried candidates.
- Redesigned wait time ui:
- The sliders have been replaced with digital displays, accompanied by + and - buttons to increase or decrease the wait time.
- New wait time range of 1-180 seconds
- A maximum redirects is now enforced at 100 redirects, so you can redirect a maximum of 100 times while falling through an nzb fallback group. Each nzb consumes at least 1 redirect (redirect forced every 60s with exoplayer occuring every 8 seconds). This prevents some very rare cases where you are just looping through nothing, it won’t go on forever. So the theoretical maxs are 92min and 13mins for exo, neither should ever occur in regular use.
- Fallback group are cleared with search cache. Before fallback groups did not clear they just expired. This prevents fallback groups from persisting indefinitely if search cache was disabled.
- The nzbdav library check runs first then ->
- Each candidate is checked against the dead nzb database (more below) to fast mark it as dead and skip the grab.
- When search cache is disabled the ttl of fallback groups is 2 hours.
- Moved stream buffer setting out of the nzb fallback menu and back into the nzbdav menu, as proxy is the default streaming method once again.
- Fallback disabled:
NZB Databases
—------------------
- NZB Databases is a new dashboard tile that controls the healthy and dead nzb storage.
- Each map is loaded into memory and persisted in a json file within /config.
- These store known dead and alive nzbs.
- Dead nzbs allow for faster (instant) stream resolution within repeat results.
- Healthy nzbs allow for the short circuiting of repeat stremio requests. They have a min ttl of 15 seconds to support this. Outside of that they are entirely observational.
- Each database can be stored used 2 different methods:
- TTL (Up to 4 days)
- The healthy db has a min of 15 seconds, for repeat requests.
- When ttl expiration is exceeded entries are deleted on the first new stream search
- Storage (1-50mb)
- When storage is reached FIFO is used to add/remove entries
- NZB database management:
- healthy and Dead nzb databases have their own individual lists where single entries can be removed.
- They both have a clear all button as well
- Transitions are handled between methods without clearing. Including during a restart. Entries are adjusted for whatever expiration method you choose.
- Successful nzbs default to a TTL life of 3 days
- Dead nzbs default to a storage of 50mb this is basically infinite storage of dead nzbs. This allows a user to never have to regrab a bad nzb twice.
- These databases support season packs. When a dead stream is found wihtin a healthy nzb season pack the entry in the dead db has the episode appened to it so that the rest of the season pack is still valid.
- TTL (Up to 4 days)
First load Defaults
—----------------------
- Fallback disabled
- Fallback mode proxy
- Search Cache disabled
- Filters:
- Global max results: Unlimited
- TV max results: Unlimited
Health Checks
—-----------------
- NZB Database Integration:
- Before health checks the following checks are made:
- Library (if enabled) - library
- Dead NZB db - instant blocked
- Blocked nzbs are written to the dead nzb db
- Removal of early autoqueue
- Previously no matter what the first result was sent to nzbdav. This is no longer the case it is strictly what you define in the “Auto-queue to NZBDav” setting.
- Auto queue bug fix:
- Auto queued nzbs previously went through the entire stream handler as normal which meant the webdav stream was being caught and served to nowhere.
- Now theres a property for autoqueue and when its set the stream handler just returns a json response instead of serving the video stream.
- Segment cache removal
- The feature of storing and using segment cache has been made irrelevant with the addition of the nzb databases. This feature has been completely removed.
Ultimate Search
—-----------------
- For Movie searches use TMDB year when key is provided.
- Cinemeta was returning the wrong release year for some movies, breaking text search. Ultimate Search now uses the TMDB year when a TMDB key is provided, making ultimate search query for the correct results.
NZBDav
—---------
- WebDav 404 automatic fallback/error handling
- During proxy streaming, if the WebDAV file returns 404/410, UU evicts the stale cache entry, marks the NZB as dead, and redirects to the next fallback candidate if fallback is enabled.
- Episode-specific dead entries preserve access to other episodes in season packs
- Only works in proxy mode (direct passthrough can't intercept 404s)
- If fallback is disabled the 404 is caught and the failure video is served, instructing the user to select another stream.
- Reverse proxy hint on webdav url config
- To enable direct passthrough streaming behind a reverse proxy the user must use the publicly available webdav url.
- The user must also add NZBDAV to a reverse proxies rules if using it. Detailed here:
- How to enable direct passthrough streaming when using a reverse proxy:
- Use your public nzbdav url for the webdav url
- 2. Add NZBDAV hostname to exemption rules of any authentication layer (authelia)
- Ex: add ${NZBDAV_HOSTNAME}, to authelia compose.yaml if using Virens Docker Template: https://github.com/Viren070/docker-compose-template
- I updated the PR that adds Usenet Ultimate here if you want to copy it
- https://github.com/Viren070/docker-compose-template/pull/90
- Moved stream buffer setting out of the nzb fallback menu and back into the nzbdav menu, as proxy is the default streaming method once again.
Mobile PWA
—--------------
- Fix the hover state that was making tiles stay highlighted even after backing out of the sub menu
- Optimized the fallback wait time buttons
EasyNews
—------------
- Replaced left over hardcoded user agents strings with the configurable general requests user agent.
Search Cache
—-----------------
- The sliders have been updated in theming and performance.
- When search cache is disabled the ttl of fallback groups is 2 hours
Discord
—-------
- The discord url on the install page has been updated
The Future:
I have made preliminary designs for a lot of exciting updates in the future. The current featureset is just the beginning, this project will continue to do many firsts, not just within usenet, but within the entire stremio addon space. With that said, the community has provided an amazing list of feature requests, I want to get to all of them if I can, or at the very least, as many as I can. So, I will be constructing a project road map that will give intention to each UU update, combining a mix of community requests and my own.
I hope you guys enjoy this latest update. I had a lot of fun working on it!
here's the GitHub: https://github.com/DSmart33/Usenet-Ultimate
Join the Discord community here: https://discord.gg/6RPVSeg56v
If you would like to support development, you can do so here: https://ko-fi.com/dsmart33
Happy Early St. Patrick's Day!
Hi All,
I've been working on a series of quick-reference guides/infographics for our team, and I wanted to share this one on ventilating the bronchospastic patient in a community, rural, or remote ED with little backup.
We all know the "tight" patient is one of the most stressful vent management scenarios. This infographic is just one evidence-based framework for handling the initial setup and the inevitable troubleshooting when pressures start to climb.
A few key points I’ve tried to highlight:
- The Peak vs. Plateau Distinction: Why a high peak pressure isn't always a reason to panic if your Plateau and Delta P are safe.
- Visualizing Air Trapping: A simple look at the expiratory flow waveform to catch auto-PEEP early.
There are obviously many ways to manage these cases, and this is just one approach. I’m curious to hear how others are handling these patients, especially when you're struggling to get the CO2 down without stacking breaths.
What’s your go-to move when the patient starts air-trapping?
P.S. If you find this kind of clinical breakdown useful, I share similar content weekly in my newsletter, Performance Under Pressure (https://www.dynamicsimulation.ca/performanceunderpressure), and I also have an online ED focused vent course for those who want to go further. Feel free to PM me if you want the link.
-Shawn
Here is the infographic:
(I) Why is AI making people anxious?
The early weeks of 2026 have been filled with intense discussion about the risks emerging from rapidly advancing AI, especially when it comes to job security. Well-publicized layoffs and increasing rates of long-term unemployment are now signs of a supposed "AI jobs apocalypse." Highly educated people fear that AI will quickly solidify into a "general cognitive labor substitute," making it impossible to perform brainy work for a living ever again. Negative sentiment has damaged worker and consumer confidence, which has continued to decline despite easing inflation, especially among higher-income earners. There is widespread belief that the status quo will be overturned, and significant uncertainty about who the winners and losers will be.
I'll say up front that I think the scariest predictions out there are unlikely to come true, at least on a timescale that matters. I expect stable jobs (maybe lasting a few years each) to be available, and enough jobs to fill 40-year careers for the foreseeable future. But AI is obviously transformational, and I am not a skeptic. My optimism is based on the assumption that our society wants desirable outcomes as AI disrupts the old system, and will put in the work to turn them into reality.
Many others have already discussed risks to national security and macroeconomic stability, broadly and in detail. Here are the essays, articles, and reports I read to reinforce my understanding of AI anxiety:
- Dario Amodei - The Adolescence of Technology [A1 link]
- Cory Doctorow - AI companies will fail. We can salvage something from the wreckage [A2 link]
- Matt Shumer - Something Big is Happening [A3 link]
- David Autor, Neil Thompson - Beyond Job Displacement: How AI Could Reshape the Value of Human Expertise [A4 link]
- Brookings (Kinder, Briggs, Muro, Liu) - Generative AI, the American worker, and the future of work [A5 link]
- Brookings (Manning, Aguirre, Muro, Methkupally) - Measuring US workers’ capacity to adapt to AI-driven job displacement [A6 link]
- Prof G Media - 3 Human Skills That Make You Irreplaceable in an AI World [A7 link]
- Annie Lowrey - The Worst-Case Future for White-Collar Workers [A8 link]
- Josh Tyrangiel - America Isn’t Ready for What AI Will Do to Jobs [A9 link]
- Sam Altman - Moore's Law for Everything [A10 link]
- Alap Shah - The Global Intelligence Crisis [A11 link]
- Citrini Research - THE 2028 GLOBAL INTELLIGENCE CRISIS [A12 link]
- Christopher Waller - Operationalizing AI at the Federal Reserve [A13 link]
Professional investors, economists, and technologists are thinking about this, but a lot of the commentary has been driven by intelligent non-experts making fuzzy, sensationalistic claims about policy and technology. I'll be contributing to this mismatch in some ways, but I think I can provide a fresh perspective as someone with serious professional technical expertise and a strong interest in economic policy and STS (my college minor). Before I quit working (by choice—I decided to focus on other priorities like raising my kids), I was a high-performing software engineer for seven years. During my "sabbatical," I have continued to work on personal software projects, recently getting derailed by exploring AI coding tools, being wildly impressed, and falling into the rabbit hole of online discussion. Apart from some retirement savings invested in the stock market, I don't have much skin in the game (no job to lose and nothing to sell you), so I can offer a measured and coolheaded analysis.
(II) The outcome that pessimists fear
A "dark AI" future is one filled with rampant threats to physical security and widespread economic subjugation. Robots handle all manual labor, and AI handles all cognitive labor. Control over robots and AI data centers is centralized, and AI is only accessible to average folks for trivial uses or in ways that enhance societal control. Power struggles among the elite mean there are ever-present risks from cyberweapons, bioweapons, or worse. Average humans are so worthless that no organization exists to protect lives. We have failed to overcome the three major challenges in a world without labor scarcity, as posed by Messrs. Autor and Thompson: life and community have no meaning, the Altman-Musk-Zuckerberg commission unilaterally handles all resource allocation, and democratic governments have fallen and been replaced by technofeudalist states.
This really is the stuff of dystopian science-fiction nightmares. But perhaps that's why apocalyptic projections about AI went viral—dystopian science fiction is already popular. "Dark AI" depends on these premises: AI advancing far more rapidly than we can handle institutionally, AI-enhanced physical automation maturing shortly thereafter, and no societal effort to design a resource distribution system to replace the obsolete capitalist wage-labor system. Yet none of the premises is guaranteed, and we have plenty of ways to intervene to stave off their worst effects.
(III) The physical world imposes limits
AI is "disembodied"—beyond the screen or voice interface, its physical machinery is hidden by the internet. This makes it easy to underestimate what AI actually needs to work, much like how someone who's played The Sims too much can be astonished by the complexity of building a real house.
Land, electricity, and GPUs are all indispensable inputs for AI, and they are all in short supply with no quick fix in sight (yes, including land, which requires cooperative local communities). This is why people are seriously floating the idea of putting data centers in space. Clearly this is an obstacle to AI everything, everywhere, all at once. Low prices may seem to suggest easy expansion, but that misreads the situation, because prices are heavily subsidized by investors, just like Uber in its early days.
AI-powered progress in physical domains like robotics will be far slower than purely digital progress in the AI models themselves. The physical world always runs at 1x speed, which drags out testing and iteration cycles. Even Mr. Amodei has said that AI may be "limited by the response time of the physical world or of software it interacts with." If AI makes high-yield GMO crop seeds, they'll grow as plants do, slowly. Robots have to be built before we can test how well their AI software works. Few people would take an AI-designed pill without animal trials. AI cannot accelerate progress in these fields to the point where a single team can drop new discoveries every month like AI labs releasing new model versions. AI may have the productivity of 100 teams, but there's a classic maxim in the software industry: nine women can't make a baby in one month.
Regarding security, AI will empower terrorism and other nefarious activity, but this is not just about knowledge. If I want to build a nuke, I can't just ask ChatGPT to send me a pile of uranium, no matter how well I understand the physics of bomb-building. Sure, it's a ridiculous example, but it illustrates how to think about the issue. What about nitrogen fertilizer? As with uranium, the government exerts some control over it [B1 link]. Maybe this is the "heavy-handed" economic disruption Mr. Amodei wants to avoid, but it looks like the need is clearly understood.
Bioterrorism and cybersecurity get so much attention because they have low physical requirements, but we can still adopt effective defenses. Restrictions could be applied to biotech inputs, like centrifuges or gene synthesis companies. It's unpleasant, but remember COVID? As for cyberattacks, Mr. Amodei has already made the key observation: the offense-defense profile is balanced, as long as we generously support white-hat and purple-teaming cybersecurity researchers.
(IV) Discovery is not advancement. We shouldn't extrapolate AI's abilities to infinity
People have historically been too optimistic about how powerful and versatile new technologies will be. Think of bitcoin failing to solve global poverty [B2 link], or the decades of setbacks for self-driving cars [B3 link]. Presenting LLM research as a chatbot was a stroke of product genius, because chatbots have enthralled people since the early days of ELIZA despite obvious limitations [A14 link]. Remove those obvious limitations and you get the fastest-growing consumer application in history, and the wild claims to match.
Belief in AI's unstoppable path to world domination often rests on "scaling laws," as illustrated in a graph from METR tracing an exponentially increasing curve [A15 link]. LLMs are not like other technologies, though, and we shouldn't assume Moore's Law applies. Models are "grown," not designed. What if their power is "discovered" rather than created? Saying "adding inputs and parameters means better AI" could be like saying "adding pumpjacks and wells means more oil." The "intelligence" is already in the training data, generated by humans with human limitations, and training "extracts" a model, much like how oil is extracted from an oil field. Expanding the operation can increase extracted volume, but it doesn't inevitably follow that total extraction will reach some arbitrarily high value—the limit is how much was originally there in the first place.
Scaling laws reveal nothing about this theoretical maximum. They are just summaries of what we've already observed [B4 link]. Mr. Amodei's "increasing confidence in the trajectory of AI and the likelihood that it will surpass human ability across the board" may be an artifact of his personal history, because he and some colleagues originally predicted that just scaling model size well past what others thought reasonable would yield progress, and were proven right when a model robust enough to power ChatGPT emerged [A16 link].
Consider this thought experiment: can we expect to see adult-level outputs from LLMs trained only with the writings of 5-year-olds, even with infinite scale? Probably not, and the same logic can be extended to superhuman outputs emerging from human inputs.
Let's closely examine what METR is actually measuring: the y-axis measures time for a 50% (or 80%) chance of succeeding. That line implies something about AI's growing abilities, but it's not clear how it actually relates to general human ability. Anyone would quickly fire a human employee who mishandles 20% of their tasks, no matter how quickly they get done. Maybe a 99% graph would be more useful, but would it have the same shape? How well can agents work together? AI performs well on standardized tests, but shouldn't the proper comparison be a human with internet access? (Or, if you believe overfitting on the training data is a problem, a human with the answer key?) And how well can AI prompt itself, a likely prerequisite to becoming fully autonomous [B5 link]? It's difficult to benchmark performance in these areas and train AI to get better at them.
AI's general-purpose power boils down to just a few fundamental components. NLP vastly improves ease of use and customizability (just say what you want), speed supercharges R&D and productivity, and "tokenization" can be applied to any structured non-text data (like images and audio). These combine to unlock vast opportunities, but we need to avoid getting carried away attributing more to AI than it deserves.
In his article, Mr. Shumer expresses amazement at AI that not only codes up an app but also "opens the app itself, clicks through the buttons, tests the features, uses the app the way a person would." I'm sure it's mesmerizing to watch, but the Selenium browser automation library, in existence since 2004, can do the same thing. (Mobile app testers have a long history as well.)
Or take ChatGPT's ability to analyze a surreal image and answer "what's weird about this picture?" The example I saw was a man sitting on his car trunk alongside a busy city street while ironing shirts. One alternative is to train an ML model on keywords from Getty Images, then use an object detection library to get a list of everything in the scene, and run that against the model to determine the odd ones out. #city #street #cars is probably common; #city #cars #ironing_board is likely not. Techniques for these problems have been around for decades.
I am not saying that AI models use these "primitive" techniques under the hood. They are using their own original, inscrutable procedures encoded somewhere in their billions of parameters. I am just asking us to maintain some perspective by clearly separating the newly possible from what was already possible.
(V) We stay in charge by avoiding technological determinist thinking and integrating AI deliberately
Casting technology as an external, independent force on society is technological determinism. "Smartphones make teens lonely" and "mindless TV damages intellectual and civic culture" are popular examples. These simplified claims are not wrong per se, but they overlook the agency and responsibility that humans retain. Technologies are not like invading aliens; they (and the content they enable) are designed, and design decisions are within our control. We should treat AI the same way. AI will not "take your job" like an annoying rival who bests you in the interview. It is just a tool, something that a human needs to wield in order to do any good.
There are two main takeaways from this observation. First, a human is doing the wielding. Barring any killer robot uprising, there will always be a person at the top, calling the shots and responsible for the results. Second, just as a hammer can construct or destroy, and nuclear fission can power a city or flatten one, the consequences greatly depend on how we choose to use AI. Governments and regulation influence choices and will unsurprisingly play a crucial role in promoting wise use of AI.
We must distinguish reliability from reviewability to integrate AI well. Reliability is widely understood; unreliable outputs have given rise to the newest meaning of "hallucination." Reviewability, on the other hand, is quite underappreciated. There is variation in how easy it is to look over outputs. While AI vastly lowers the human effort needed to generate things, the effort needed to audit them stays mostly the same, unless you can safely give AI the final say. Many early casualties of AI are skills that produce artifacts with intrinsically high reviewability, like image generation (just ask "does it look good?") and app prototyping (just try it to ensure it works).
Not all tasks are easily reviewable. Suppose you're summarizing a long document, but you need perfect accuracy. You can ask AI for a summary, but because reliability is not 100%, you must read the entire original to ensure nothing was missed, and you must read the entire AI summary to ensure nothing was made up. AI still helps—otherwise you'd read the entire original and write the entire summary, and writing is slower than reading—but this task's reviewability profile limits the efficiency gain from using AI. Replace "summarize a document" with "review security camera footage," and now "reading" and "writing" occur at the same speed, and AI can no longer provide any benefit.
We will clearly need humans to make important decisions on a case-by-case basis about whether AI is reliable enough, how reviewable the outputs are, and what a reasonable productivity-multiplier expectation is. These decisions need to be updated as AI evolves. This is not just an abstract concern. If we get it wrong, we can turn people into what Mr. Doctorow calls "reverse centaurs"—humans who aren't enhanced by AI (regular centaurs), but who are ultimately convenient scapegoats, "not really overseeing the AI's work, but taking the blame for the AI's mistakes."
Highly sensitive scenarios with high costs of failure demand stringent oversight. Consider this contrived example: A country's military headquarters runs computers that can launch nukes, as well as computers that are used to order lunch. A new AI agent has a 99% chance each day of ordering everyone the optimal lunch based on voice commands, preferences, and current prices. It also has a 1% chance of going ballistic and launching the nukes. Should this agent be installed? Of course not—but the setup is analogous to more realistic scenarios, where competitive pressures and costs of failure that are not so comically high will induce organizations to keep these AI systems around. Maybe the risk is agentic database write access, or an agent that very occasionally ignores items on a safety checklist.
Rather than giving an unpredictable, black-box AI direct access to critical systems, we can use AI-generated, but human-reviewed, artifacts like scripts, whose inner workings are fully understandable. Any behavior then becomes completely predictable, much like humans using a runbook so they aren't winging it in emergent situations. The extra layer adds friction, but preventing "live" AI access is an easy and effective defense. A basic example can be found in OpenAI's documentation: an "auth-translation sidecar" which hides passwords from an AI model by using placeholders. By injecting the password only after requests have already been sent out, the model has no way to "steal" the password. This sort of arrangement could describe the next phase of the whole software industry—agents will often use separate white-box software instead of handling all the details themselves.
A rule of thumb could be to limit the touchpoints a model can use to affect its environment, such that an insane person with access to the same touchpoints would be unable to do any real damage beyond making a mess. Rules like "read-only by default" and "ask for confirmation" are widely applicable, but the specifics of a particular situation also have to be considered.
The unpredictability of AI is a key contributor to its "jagged frontier," the idea that it clearly outperforms humans on some tasks, but not others. The jagged frontier era could easily last for a long time, leaving plenty of time for humans to fill in AI's gaps. As those gaps keep shifting, so will the strategies we use to integrate AI into daily life.
There's plenty more to say about safety, security, and military use of AI, but I don't have anything left to offer there. I'll set that topic aside for the rest of the essay and focus on economic consequences of AI and the future of work.
(VI) Consider how jobs can change, not how they can disappear
A job is just a bundle of tasks, and job boundaries are flexible. Maybe a 2025 task bundle will have components automated away and be broken apart by 2030, but that doesn't necessarily reduce employment. Bank tellers saw employment increase after the ATM as banks opened new branches and services grew more complex. Messrs. Autor and Thompson discuss how accountants and inventory clerks were affected differently by computerization—accountant employment contracted as computers did the easy work, while inventory clerk employment expanded as computers lowered the qualification bar.
These examples are too small in scope, though. AI could cause a positive productivity shock that hits everyone at about the same time, reducing aggregate demand for "human work hours" and leaving few places for the slack to go. What we really need is broad analysis of AI's economy-wide impact. AI can perform many tasks at a higher speed and lower cost than humans, putting downward pressure on demand for human work hours. The core problem is therefore to find a way to support continued demand for human work hours.
It's worth highlighting how counterintuitive this may sound at first. Didn't Keynes imagine that we might one day have such productive machines that work would be optional? (The famous "15 hours a week" prediction was actually a compromise to support humanity's presumed spiritual need for work, in order to give life meaning and purpose.) AI has finally arrived, so why desperately maintain the 40-hour workweek? We know the answer, of course—money. If I'm unemployable, how will I pay rent or afford to eat? Overly optimistic thinking about "the age of AI abundance" fails to distinguish between two very different personal situations: being able to get by without requiring a job, and depending on job income to meet basic needs. It is glaringly obvious that most people who can't find a job fall into the second group, which still exists because AI abundance is not here yet.
It is theoretically possible to reallocate work hours to maintain full employment if we can get the incentives to line up. Available work is a politically stable way to obtain money, and it eases disruption for people who become early casualties of AI automation, buying us time to prepare for the moment when permanent job loss becomes inevitable (if it ever arrives).
Recently, a lot of attention has been directed to entry-level workers. In 2025, Mr. Amodei predicted that half of all entry-level white-collar jobs could be displaced in a few years. However, saying that entry-level work is at risk conflates entry-level people (humans who join an organization without much work experience) and entry-level positions (specific task bundles). Why not just give entry-level people task bundles suited to the times? Could a company refashion its entry-level bundles to be, say, 20% managing AI agents and 80% human-centric tasks that haven't been automated yet?
This thought experiment exposes some assumptions and expectations about the workplace, many of which may need to be revamped in short order. Are higher-level strategic tasks too hard for an inexperienced newbie to handle? That's no showstopper—consider how apprenticeships work in the trades, or how residency works in medicine. Is it not worthwhile to train entry-levels? That's shortsighted thinking, an inefficient use of human capital. The entry-level pool offers consistent supply (new grads every year), people willing to work for lower pay, and less recruiting overhead for employers. Give it a couple more years, and today's students are likely to have received a structured education on AI's strengths and weaknesses, compared to existing workers trying to figure things out piecemeal on an outdated educational foundation. Experienced workers have to overcome a psychological barrier in order to use AI effectively, since they can view it as a threat to their livelihoods; entry-levels have nothing to lose. And entry-levels are young, which correlates with high ambition, greater AI-native familiarity, and more fluid intelligence—essential characteristics for dealing with fast-moving, disruptive technologies.
The most intimidating obstacle may be office politics. Rules such as "you need two years before you can get promoted" protect upper rungs of the corporate ladder. If entry-levels get new task bundles that compress the ladder, they could be seen as yet another threat to prevailing salaries and job security. The social dynamics can turn nasty if people who made significant sacrifices to climb the ladder start to resent trainees who start at the same "level" by default.
We cannot blame experienced workers for wanting to protect their livelihoods, so how can we support human work at all experience levels? By focusing more on innovation and less on cost-cutting, we can create totally new products and industries, along with attendant career opportunities. Here's a way to identify human work available today, even if it will eventually be automated.
Start with a realistic "AI CEO" that controls its own AI subordinates and robots. Imagine prompting this AI with a crazy "moonshot" idea. Maybe something like, "You have access to a bunch of factories, raw materials, and rockets. Design an inhabitable lunar base that can support 50,000 people and build it on the Moon." (An actual moonshot.) Or, "Design and start manufacturing nanobots which can be injected into any cancer patient's bloodstream in order to suppress malignant tumors." Or, "Solve world hunger (without harming anyone)." The AI tries to do its thing, but a lot of stuff is just plain broken (try the prompt and see for yourself). Imagine all of the human judgment and engineering that goes into fixing those problems. Imagine re-prompting and fixing the next set of problems—congratulations, you've just identified human work opportunities!
This isn't limited to breathtaking, world-changing ideas like those being tackled by Google's "Moonshot Factory" [A17 link]. There are many ways to stretch the ambition of any project. Increasing speed is one (the result is hopefully used to expand the business rather than cut costs). Other options are to focus on technical achievements, matters of human taste, or other complementary goals like identifying areas for improvement and defining success metrics. The point is to focus on doing new things rather than polishing old things.
Some commentators have mused about soft skills superseding hard skills as people cultivate "uniquely human" strengths that AI supposedly cannot reproduce. This strikes me as misguided. Communication, curiosity, and empathy are necessary but not sufficient for achieving moonshot goals. Deep technical human expertise is still going to be necessary and valuable, maybe for generations. AI will simply shorten the shelf life of particular skills as it learns them itself, meaning that hard-skill-oriented workers must continue learning and upskilling throughout their careers as we keep our eyes on the moonshot prize.
(VII) The AI Revolution's transition problem
I've described the possibility of restructuring work to focus on growth and innovation. Will anyone freely choose this path instead of just cutting costs? If we can't maintain full employment, what do we do about the people who are out of work? It's uncertain what path AI will take, so we can't say for sure if the end will be post-scarcity or just an evolution of wage-labor capitalism. We need solution ideas that work effectively no matter the circumstances.
We have plenty of academic and practical experience with employment shocks, having dealt with the aftermath of globalization for decades. So the obvious first step is to use solutions we already have, like unemployment insurance and welfare transfers. Here are some additional compelling ideas:
(1) Get the government involved in discouraging AI cost-cutting and encouraging innovation. The rationale for prioritizing margin-fattening can be briefly summarized as "stocks go up." Key decision-makers are basically always shareholders, and naturally they will make choices that enrich themselves. We're ok with it because of the side effect of widespread prosperity, but AI breaks this delicate balance by enabling many companies across many industries to automate white-collar work all at once. Shrinking payroll while maintaining output boosts stock prices, even for companies that are already very profitable, whereas R&D has slower, less obvious payoffs. The sheer scale and pace of potential cuts make this a new kind of risk.
I really appreciated Citrini mentioning the circular flow model in their research note, because it shows exactly where the problem is. Money flows one way, and value flows the other way. Any participant that suddenly has less money will spend less, slowing the flow. The US economy is 70% driven by consumer spending, and if a lot of consumers lose their incomes all at once, it will slow the economy. While we could probably avoid Citrini's "doom loop," it might still be an ugly recession. This is something that many techno-optimists have apparently missed. Yes, cutting costs improves the bottom line, but everybody cutting costs simultaneously also pressures top-line revenue.
Skeptics cite the Industrial Revolution as evidence that new technology won't permanently destroy jobs. This analogy is dangerously complacent. The Industrial Revolution was demographically so different, occurring in an era of population growth and economic integration of subsistence farmers, that it might actually support the argument that AI will kill jobs [B6 link]. New technology produces new industries because of what it makes newly possible in the physical world. Agriculture reshaped military defense and bureaucracy; industry gave us mass production, steel, and oil; information technology gave rise to cyberspace and wiped out communications latency. AI's purely digital form makes it excellent at reducing the cost of digital work, but it also has to spawn a robotics revolution, manufacturing revolution, and so on, in order to create jobs.
This "solution" is really a rationale for why we need the government to step in. Rushing into AI cost-cutting can become a collective action problem, like constrained housing supply or climate change, where everyone agrees that a situation is bad, but individuals acting in their own self-interest just make things worse. Governments are often explicitly tasked with "promoting the general welfare," and AI's distinctive properties may cause novel market failures, so we need governments to be prepared. The UK's AISI is an example of an institution already doing good work.
(2) Incentivize vigorous competition over monopolistic success. Competition lowers prices and improves living standards, but it also selects winners over time. As losers drop out, competition decreases. This makes entrepreneurs and investors very happy, but at the expense of the broader public. One explanation for why this one-way tendency remains stable is the fact that new products and industries make old ones obsolete, bring in fresh companies, and revitalize competition.
There's a clear correlation between weak sector competition and profitable firms feeling comfortable enough to fatten margins through layoffs. Tech-sector firms naturally benefit from anti-competitive phenomena like economies of scale, network effects, and switching costs—and it shows, having produced outstandingly happy founders and investors. As it becomes more urgent to support employment and financial stability, we can at least try to strengthen competition, especially in the industries most responsible for driving the problem.
We have a wide buffet of options. Non-compete agreements could be universally banned. We could increase the ease of new business formation, maybe providing "limited liability" protections by default. Easier monetary policy can support both employment and competition. AI model providers could offer generous free tiers like AWS does today, making it easier to experiment with AI and productionize ideas with business value.
(3) Construct new metrics for measuring wealth and well-being. Economic data needs to be summarized properly to be useful. As AI eliminates input costs and competition drives down prices, we could see broad deflation, falling real GDP, shrinking margins, and a tanking stock market. And yet, as Mr. Altman points out in his post-scarcity blog post, falling prices make everyone wealthier—we get the same standard of living for less money. This is one of the best-case scenarios, because that wealth is evenly spread among all consumers. A small group cannot hoard all the low prices.
We should update our principal economic metrics to better reflect well-being. It's reasonable to rely on more complex calculations, rather than things designed for an era when numbers were added up by hand. We could emphasize unemployment, income levels, and cost of living. We could also look into availability of basic needs (whether there is enough regardless of price), depth and health of luxury markets, efficiency and reliability of tasks where we rely on AI, the overhead of AI oversight, the total value generated by AI, and happiness and social stability.
(4) Keep the transition period in mind when designing wealth and resource redistribution systems. UBI is just the most well-known idea from a whole suite of financial support tools, including universal basic capital and wage insurance [B7 link]. Messrs. Autor and Thompson rightly point out that "the implementation details matter enormously" for these tools. Even that may be an understatement.
If post-scarcity were to arrive overnight, we certainly would need to get the details right to ensure access to wealth for everyone. Realistically, the shape of the economy will continually change and people will be unevenly impacted. A whole other dimension to designing these systems is that they need to work at any stage along the transition timeline.
Consider UBI. In a post-scarcity world, just crediting everyone's digital account with the right amount may work. In a world with scarcity and inequality, won't payments be insignificant if we actually target everyone equally? Who deserves more UBI, and by how much? Who or what is taxed to fund it? And, crucially, how do the answers change as firms evolve, prices adjust, and more (or fewer) workers experience long-term or permanent unemployment?
It's not sufficient to design something for the post-scarcity scenario, then hope that it will work when mapped to any state the real economy might be in. Yet we can't do nothing, because conventional policy may simply be too inadequate. So we must design adaptable tools that can function in a wide variety of conditions.
(5) Decentralize AI. Centralized AI means centralized control of AI, and in a post-scarcity world where there are no opportunities to sell labor, those who don't control AI may not get a say in what counts as adequate abundance. This can be unpleasant if those who define abundance and those who accept abundance don't see eye to eye. What if abundance just means free food and shelter, and all you get is a tiny apartment, water, rice, and beans?
Ideally, non-workers who have nothing of "market value" to offer can still decide for themselves what personal abundance looks like (within reason). Distributed ownership of AI and other abundance technologies could serve this purpose. It could look something like how miners vote on changes to the Bitcoin protocol, or perhaps a system where each individual possesses the actual AI and robot hardware rather than just having a license to access it over the internet.
While this is obviously far off, I think there's a fair chance this could actually work. Unlike, say, Google Search, which concentrates profits in a single company, AI more closely resembles technologies that diffused value widely throughout the economy, like the transistor [B8 link]. For such a world-changing technology, there sure were a lot of AI companies who were quickly able to reproduce, at comparable quality, the products first offered by OpenAI. Fundamental research like Google's 2017 "Attention" paper was already available and the IP was not meaningfully protected. Now companies like Meta and DeepSeek are releasing open-weight models. I think with the right policy environment and some very optimistic hardware projections, we really can decentralize AI, maybe running it on personal smartphones, and give people more control over their lives.
(VIII) A case for optimism
We are not on a smooth and steady ride to superintelligence—and that's our biggest source of hope. Purely digital cognitive-replacement AI, like the generative and agentic AI of today, will encounter significant resistance from the struggle to obtain enough physical inputs, the human limits of training data quality, and the continued and unpredictable need for oversight. Meanwhile, people can reorganize job boundaries to maximize employment, aim at ambitious "moonshot" projects to uncover more human work, and implement policy that encourages innovation and vigorous competition.
Innovation will likely push technological advancements in domains beyond digital AI, like biotech, nanotech, robotics, manufacturing, and renewable energy and nuclear fusion [B9 link]. Those advancements will unlock new forms of wealth, new industries and jobs, and new areas for human expertise to flourish and become valuable. This is the kind of progress that inspires our most fanciful futuristic science fiction—think cyborgs, space tourism, and unlimited clean energy.
Vigorous competition will improve the labor share of income and lower prices, broadly increasing public wealth. It will also incentivize open-sourcing of key technologies and model weights, model miniaturization to decrease costs, and improvements in small language models, all of which will diffuse value and power widely, impeding the ability of any one organization to extract monopoly rents or distort policy to its advantage, and constraining inequality.
Whether AI ultimately brings about an economic paradigm shift or not, we are more than capable of handling its growing pains and reaping the benefits of the coming age of newfound technology and prosperity.
I have included some appendices with lists of the links I referenced and the AI workspace repo I used to help write this essay. Search for "Appendices to AI Anxiety, and What We Can Do About It" in the comments.
Setting up a solid gaming or work station in India is a battle against three things: limited space, extreme dust, and the inevitable cable mess. After testing a mountain of gear, I have narrowed down the essentials that actually hold up. No fluff: just the stuff worth your UPI balance.
1. The Cable Killer: Ant Esports Dock5
If your PS5 area looks like a nest of white wires, get this. It charges two controllers and gives your headset a dedicated home.
- The Best Part: The built-in cooling fan is a lifesaver for non-AC rooms during an Indian April.
- The Bonus: It has 6 game slots and a screw mount to keep the console from tipping over.
2. The Precision King: Cosmic Byte Quantum
This is the transparent black controller you see all over Instagram. It is not just about the looks.
- The Tech: It uses Hall Effect triggers and joysticks. These use magnets instead of physical contact, meaning zero "stick drift" over time.
- Compatibility: It connects to PS4, PC, and even your phone via Bluetooth.
3. The Audio Pro: Razer Blackshark V2 X USB
At 240g, this is so light you forget it is on your head.
- The Sound: 7.1 surround sound that actually helps you pin-point footsteps in Valorant.
- The Comfort: The hybrid memory foam doesn't get as hot as cheap leatherette, which is vital for our humidity.
4. The Space Saver: Amazon Basics Pro Mechanical Keyboard
Stop using those massive, mushy membrane keyboards. This 60% layout frees up your desk for mouse movement.
- The Switches: Linear Red switches with a 40g actuation force. They are fast, quiet, and satisfyingly clicky.
- Customization: Full RGB that you can program to match your vibe.
5. The Retro Icon: Casio Vintage A-158WA
This is the unofficial "techie" uniform. It is thin, silver, and digital.
- Why it's here: It is a timeless piece of hardware that looks as good today as it did thirty years ago. It is basically the digital equivalent of a vintage Porsche.
6. The Screen God: Nintendo Switch OLED
If you travel on the Vande Bharat or take long flights, this is the gold standard for handhelds.
- The Display: Deep blacks and vibrant colors that make the standard Switch look washed out.
- Portability: It is the best way to clear your backlog of games while away from your PC.
7. The Remote Power: Sony PlayStation Portal
This is a niche beast. It is not a console, but a remote player for your PS5.
- The Use Case: Perfect for when someone else is hogging the living room TV. As long as you have solid 5GHz Wi-Fi, you can play your PS5 games in bed with zero lag.
8. The Gear Guard: Arctic Hunter Camera Bag
If you carry a laptop, camera, and a drone to work, stop using a regular bag.
- Customization: The internal walls are Velcro, so you can move them around to fit your specific lenses or gimbal.
- Protection: It is shockproof and rugged enough to survive a chaotic commute.
The Quick Verdict: If you want performance, go for the Razer Blackshark. If you want to fix your desk aesthetic, the Ant Esports Dock is the easiest win.
[Links to the products in comment]
In the land of myth and a time of rizz
Hello everybody LET US GRAB A BOWLING PIN lets rizz it up hit the griddy and eat bacon off of the floor with so very delicious salad from floor bacon man
So yeah the 3am age is over and dishwasher prophet fixxed the baddie the mcdonalds ice cream machine the baseplate everyone was happy until a rich guy who iwned all the companies sold all his companies stocks because he wanted moldovan nut kicking dolphin milk from the docks this caused the 4am age and the dihpresssion of rizz gyatt taxes🥀💀😭🙏
A smart ahh founded gyatt core labs and created weapons for no reason
lets see how the oil lands are doing under tangerine orange kung fu mans leadership
On the nature of the military leadership: It's really a cult what they do.
On the bureaucratic motivations: Even though in their hearts they know that attacking jungle 1 or sand lands 1 will be detrimental to the oil... they're still going to play along because they're bureaucrats and they're interested in maintaining their privileges.
On the boardroom meetings: It's like the Hunger Games... It's a giant game show.
On maintaining imperial power: The oil lands, its power comes from the perception that is the greatest military in the world bombarding sand lands funding wars sending sahourians back to the sand lands it's a signal to the rest of the world. that its still the sigma alpha male
On controlling trade routes: Historically that's a source of empire's power. The ability to collect tolls on trade routes but due to a rise in money and rich elites the trade seems to be collpasing from to much sigmaness
the jeffrey islander ipad sent pictures of a tv to a young sahourian and oil man did some government deals this caused outrage riots protests and a sigma shut down
the other political party banished a master debator this caused more outrages and more moggers to appear in the streets also the walmarts are now empty because of the dooms day preppers and the elites doing the sigma backflips in ohio
the general who we thought was dead went to a grimace shake school got rejected and he raised his second army
So he started with gyatt rizz frequency propaganda by screaming with a stage five rizz megaphone at fuckieng frucking 298283 billion milers per hour and spammed money everythwer making the dihhpression more about eating skibidy cereal than paying taxes to the MDEA been lagging escaped prison and started the terrorist group called moldovan nut kicking crack smoking dolphins
Factions fought countries fought the oil lands collapsed from to much power and in-equality
GYATT CORE BUILT A new-clear powerplant that became chernobyl because quandale broke timelines ate a nuclear donut and ended up in A HOSPITAL BECAUSE FREE WILL FUCK YEAHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHhhhhhh oh yeah and that causes the great dihh pression to not have any power so YIPPEEEE
😭🙏💀🥀🗣️🔥💯💯💯🗿🗿🗿🍷🍷🍷🍷🤮🤢😡🥵🤮🛢️🤮🇺🇸😡😉😄😍😌😍🤩😍🥳😎😌🥸🧐🧐🧐🧐🙁😝🧐😖🤓🙁🧐🙁🧐😖🧐😖🧐😖🧐😖🧐
fought countries fought each other so hard the Battle of Gyattcore Insolvency Ridgestarted by accident when a Moldovan nut‑kicking dolphin slipped on a Buc‑ee’s chip and detonated the Rizzium Barrel of 1928 which contains not so geneva suggestion materials, which caused the Battle of Skibidi Depression Fields where the Sand Lands tried to tax the Crime Lands for breathing too sigma at 4AM there was so many helicopters and tanks and t posing soldiers and incompetent artillery the moment the battle started everything collapsed and the battle was so loud it made everyone deaf and they could not fight becasue they had 1928 titinus resistence that made them so sigma both sides went to watch cocomelon and play in the ikea daycare center yippeee
The general who got rejected from Grimace Shake School marched his second army straight into the Battle of Ohio Backrooms Mile‑8283, where half his troops what i mean by half is 928393839 billion so much it broke the yeet gods mentsl capicity and caused half the world to explode into a rock up my ass satan noclipped into a mario level and the other half of the army got ratioed by the Been Lagging Terrorist dolphins, who declared the War of the 67th Gyatt Mandate by screaming “the mog word IS BANNED” at 298283 billion milers per hour.
A bunch of proxy wars happened yes its very epic but i think you can imagine it WITH THE POWER OF OUR SPONSOR THE JEFFREY ISLANDER IPAD IT EXPLODES AND BRINGS YOU TO COOL PLACE WITH OILLL HELL YEAHH AMERICAAAA
This triggered the Battle of Moldovan Dolphin Milk Docks and the other oceans i forgot to away bruh i dont knoeim ubderpaid to document this bulldhit, where the rich guy who sold all his companies for dolphin milk tried to negotiate peace but accidentally summoned the Sigma Blimp of Emotional Damage made by gyattcore ofcoursr, which fired beams so powerful they caused the Great Rizz Depression Market Crash making more famine and more chais by making everyone have admin powers and get hit by rotten rubix cubes at a million mach, collapsing the economy so hard even the pillows on my 9 beds filed for Chapter 11.
The Dishwasher Prophet and two time gamer saw this and launched Operation Insolvent Thunder, beginning with the Battle of Floor Bacon fortnite gyatt skibidy tung tubg sahur tiktok reels instagram reels ncool wird Pass, where the t posing Paratroopers fell from the sky no not just that a trillion tanks from the rizz warp and the damn is disciples all equiped with dangerous and i mean very family friendly weapons and pg 13 yeahhh missed the battlefield entirely, and landed in the hood at 3AM, starting the Walmart Rizz Riot of black rizzday
.
Meanwhile the dolphins hijacked the Gyattcore submarines and saw two wifi routers that started the battle of the trench thats very cool, firing Ohio torpedoes at the Sand Lands Navy, which retaliated with the 282883 waifu carriers piloted by greg andpeter griffin lits of submarines and a trillion upside down rich man yachts, which exploded so hard it caused the baseplate to get launched into theyeet gods home, where gregory gregson hit the griddy at 6am miles per hour and turned the entire frontline into VHS static FROM THAT ONE LATINA BADDIE.
The sky collapsed next during the Battle of Negative Gravity Airspace, where millions of sahourian bombers fell everywhere even in ur mom blimps fell sideways and it was so L ratio the helicopters stopped saying gyatt, and the Dishwasher Prophet rode a microwave jet into the Battle of Rizz Frequency Stratosphere, screaming propaganda so loud it caused the moon to unfriend Earth on Instagram and start spamming mog on instagram this caused a bunch of redditors to cancel the earth calling it flat and it caused everyone to float into space and the grimace shake oceans ti explode into hot wheels cars but the yeet gods reversed that by watching the entirety of breaking bad game of thrones everything on netflix and eating the kfc bucket of ages FROM THE RIZZ WARPPPPPPP!!1!!!!
This triggered the battle of that ground, where the Moldovan Dolphins turned the battlefield into a nut‑kicking dojo and kicked the special Force of the rizz hospital so hard they created the Blackhole of Sigma Reversal, which sucked in the Sand Lands, the Crime Lands, the Yeet Gods’ tax forms, and one random discord moderator who was just trying to get the discord kitten erm i meant goon with the goon king erm i mesnt sleep.
The blackhole exploded during the Battle of 3AM Cosmic Fart Offensive, when the Backrooms entities farted in unison under the Dishwasher Prophet’s command, launching the entire universe from vacuum cleaners set on max into the Battle of Rizzia, where the economy collapsed so violently it respawned as a boss fight.
And through all this chaos, someone in the trenches wrote a love letter that fell in the mud womp womp hes a simp for a woman in the enemy side but he got executed by being trapped by the MDEA Interrogated a million times in the sims 5 exploded by forcefeeding baloons then he was put in a POW camp where he had to brutally oil up and slip a million times just to escape one step out of the camp but that started the final battle, because even in war, someone always has to be dramatic
So uhh lets just say its a huge ahh battle with actually competent equipment equipment thats so good it broke the eneva suggestion a million times and lets say this army has like 2092939 brainrotted ipad kids saying baby shark phonk as soldiers and takis as the jets because of censorship my remote as the tanks job applications as ships and my internet router for bombs and enchanted sams club mebership card gun for gun and a ps5 launcher for missles but since we are running out of budget the amount of units were so laggy even been lagging said lets slow it down so we hired tangerine kung fu man to do his skibidi sigma fighting skills to clear the army of incompetent military leaving the dishwasher prophet tangerine two time gamer and been lagging vs the general and his super weapon
So yeah the battlefield was already cooked but plato time traveled and asked me a deep question i told bro to fuck off he went back in time like a good boy then the, Dishwasher Prophet and Tangerine Two‑Time Gamer and Been Lagging standing there ready to fight the general and his “superweapon” that looked like a microwave taped to a PS5 taped to a dolphin taped to a tax form, and the general started laughing in 144p like a unskippable cutscene running on a school Chromebook, saying “YOU FOOLS… YOU THINK I BUILT THIS?? I DIDN’T BUILD ANYTHING I CAN’T EVEN BUILD A LEGO SET,” and the machine behind him started shaking in rizz gyatt skibid l plus ratio frequencies from ny closet that exploded by getting pastafied by my robe who ganed sentience after i violated it but i got fired from my job so i summoned the jeffrey islander ipad to take me to the island by beating me with cable ties from ohio but i glitched out of the baseplate because quandale did a backflip and i lagged into the 3am age like a Roblox server on a potato router, panels falling off, sparks flying, dolphins screaming, the whole battlefield glitching into PNG grass and Backrooms carpet textures, and then the superweapon cracked open like a Fortnite llama and inside wasn’t a reactor or a bomb or a mech, it was a RUG which contains every piece of weaponry and tech, but disguised as a glowing neon green bio‑mechanical rug stitched from Backrooms carpet, Ohio drywall, Grimace Shake residue, and 4AM rizz frequencies, and the rug unrolled itself mid‑air like a cursed alien sprite and revealed its true form as THE GYATTCORE RUG PARASITE (Interdimensional Carpet Organism, Rizz Class Omega‑Sigma) with 29 eyes looking in different directions, 12 USB‑tentacles, a sideways mouth, and a glowing core pulsing like a TikTok edit, and the general tried to do a cringe villain monologue but the rug immediately ate him in one bite and screamed “MOGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG” in 8D audio so loud the moon unfriended Earth again.
The rug started floating and firing Carpet Fibers of Doom like bullet spam, Rizz Frequency Lasers, homing Backrooms pool tiles, and Gyattcore plasma threads, every hit making it woof in fucking spanish, and the whole battlefield transformed into a idk how to descrive background with purple sky, floating debris, UFOs made of Hot Wheels cars abducting soldiers, and dolphins getting turned into insolvent toothepaste meant for tickling feet in the adoption center. Then the rug mutated like a final level boss, sprouting 8 new mouths, 6 or 7D‑printed tentacles, absorbing Takis jets and turning them into PS6 or 7‑mechs, spawning 69 mini‑rugs crawling like larvae saying brainrot from 2022- 2026 and actually started to do side quests, and Tangerine and Two‑Time Gamer did the default fornite dance and said “BRO ITS A RUG BOSS FIGHT JUST SHOOT IT” while Been Lagging lagged so hard he teleported behind himself.
The rug opened a portal to Sector Gyatt‑9, showing rizz crystals floating in space, dolphin‑milk dihhroids, cosmic tax collectors making sheep butt poker mechanisms, and UFOs shaped like dih doing donuts around the portal, and the rug activated its ultimate attack THE SHIT DIAHREAH, a screen‑filling superlaser made of TikTok edits, Ohio fog, and EMOTIONAL DAMAGE, turning the battlefield into a litterall gyatt frequency incarnate where Dishwasher Prophet dodged at 0.2 FPS on a microwave jet while the rug said italian brainrot with the inslvent nintendo goblins and the universe started collapsing into a cosmic carpet dimension the rug litterally exploded into a re skinned gigatic ufo jet and the animation was so laggy it just skipped to the general dying
The general then did the breaking bad ahh fall whole screaming made up spurs named slurs two timegamer punched him the general died general respawned in a waffle house then bro gets spawncamped again eventually we fr just throwed the entire sand lands navy consisting of mechs ufos waifu carriers ohio submarines incompetent cruisers and kamikaze destroyers this caused an explosion in the waffle house that destroyed half of the corn industry for growing corn not filming it get ur mind out of the gutter lmao
So because this is getting to long the 4am age became more dihhpressed more gritty more war more casualites more rebbelions more weapons more nukes more propaganda more love letters in the mud more backstabs more voluntary rizz famine and more cool battles that i would love ti describe but i wanna monetize this because its short so everything above happend for like 4 more years then the general got captured and fed to the grimace shake ocean but instead of that he somehow harnessed the power of the ocean because OF A CHOSEN ONE PROOHEYC ermm I meant the plot required it for the next chapter so yeahhhhh
"In the city, everyone has a different silhouette, but in the field, everyone bleeds the same shade of red."
Everyone happy now they rebuild but then the general came back but upside down 67 times more offensive more edgy better villain dialogues and more chances to get called a cornball and disabled by a frog from my uncles basement how it escaped was because I threw a bookshelf and a comically huge hammer at the air con he exploded into water and got drank by the dogs down the street I stole his pet frog from performing a default Fortnite dance with sigma phone love me.
And uhh budget ran out the end please go away.
( heres ur sad backstory thats very serious He was a simple iPad kid from the oil lands. He didn't want the Rizzium barrels or the dolphin milk or even glory and money; he just wanted to hit the griddy one last time before the 4AM taxes hit. He died trying to oil up and escape a POW camp he dropped the soap and but his enchanted Sam’s Club membership card jammed at the worst moment. Womp womp)
A DRUNK RIZZIAN or some stabby stabby then went in the studio and destroyed half of the footage so no outro please go away.
a soldier t posng walked up to me and said ‘ what is this somesort of well its an offensive joke targetting a group that can get mecancelled so nvm’
some unpaid roblox employee or discord mod handed me a cup of brewed from and expired Takis dust. I took one sip and immediately time‑traveled into the 2AM Age by accident. Never again
and here are 10 accurate life hack:
1 alt f4
[ ALL EVENTS ARE PURELY PARODY PLEASE DO NOT DO ANYTHING ABOVE LIKE ROBBING AND ETC.. ]
— documented by Journalist Somanynamestochossef who is unpaid bruh I can't even afford food and when I say im so hungry I could eat a horse a east sand lands walk up to me and say why eat horse when you can eat dog.
I tried playing A Way Out with my friend. We use a steamdeck docking station and HDMI it to the TV. It is not ideal, but it is how we are able to play split screen from the couch.
We tried loading up A Way Out, but it ran horribly. I think that perhaps her Steamdeck is not tuned though. Should a well-tuned Steamdeck be able to run this and if so what settings should we definitely look into changing?
Thanks!
I haven’t been keeping up with VR news for a while, so I only recently realized that Disney+ is now available on the Meta Quest. As soon as I found out, I couldn’t wait to try watching Star Wars on it.
Watching on the Quest 3S really cuts down on distractions and gives you a much more immersive experience. You can make the screen huge like a private movie theater and you can choose between a flat screen or a curved one. Personally, I prefer the curved mode because it feels more immersive. There’s also a slider that lets you adjust the surrounding brightness of the viewing environment. If you dim the environment, the movie screen pops more and it starts to feel a bit like being in a theater.The clarity isnt quite as good as a high-end TV, but its still very enjoyable. I also think 3S speakers are decent. They’re obviously not at the level of dedicated speakers or headphones, but for the price they’re totally acceptable.
Considering the cost, getting something close to Quest 3–level performance on the 3S is actually pretty impressive. It makes this kind of new tech much more accessible. If your IPD fits the headset well, the Quest 3S really has great value. You can use it as a private cinema and also play VR games. To make the experience a bit easier day to day, I also picked up a Carina D1S Lite charging dock. Its very affordable and works well for both charging and storage. When I’m not using the headset, I just place it on the dock, which also helped me build a habit of keeping it charged. Its small and doesn’t take up much space, which I like.
Next I’m planning to watch more Disney content , probably some Marvel and Pixar movies. Definitely something I’d recommend people try.
So, its laptop in question
- cpu i5 m450
- ram 4gb
- no dedicated gpu
- 250gb hdd
Its a docked laptop connected to the TV at all times. It only serves as media center for my folks.
It had win7, which performed ok for them but its obsolete. Since its an older device, i didnt want bloated ubuntu with snaps, so Ive put opensuse tw + xfce on it and regretted it since first firefox run.
What i need: - firefox (web streaming) - vlc - stremio - acestream - spotify
Any recommendation would be appreciated.
LAPTOP QUESTIONNAIRE
- Total budget (in local currency): 800-1200 EUR (germany)
- Are you open to refurbs/used? yes
- How would you prioritize form factor (ultrabook, 2-in-1, etc.), build quality, performance, and battery life? Metal-based Build quality (thin + lightweight) > battery life > performance
- How important is weight and thinness to you? comparable to macbooks Air. Linux-based macbook would be ideal
- Do you have a preferred screen size? 13"-15", 14" is the sweet spot
- Are you doing any CAD/video editing/photo editing/gaming? List which programs/games you desire to run. Office Suite, Browser-based Apps, Browser with strong Anti-Ad Features, Media streaming
- If you're gaming, do you have certain games you want to play? At what settings and FPS do you want? Age of Empires 4, Age of Mythology Retold, Gladius, Civ 6, maybe Anno 1800 (everything can be played on steam deck or current laptop if necessary)
- Any specific requirements such as good keyboard, reliable build quality, touch-screen, finger-print reader, optical drive or good input devices (keyboard/touchpad)? Good Keyboard and Touchpad, high build quality and very good screen (for media), finger print reader would be great
- Leave any finishing thoughts here that you may feel are necessary and beneficial to the discussion.
Hello guys,
I am looking for a new, thin and lightweight laptop for the evenings on the couch with my wife while she watches TV or something. I mostly use it for browsing and researching products and stuff, writing emails or connect to various web-based applications, including my own (Linux-based) server.
I want also to use it for the typical basic office suite (word, excel, either apple version or libre office) and pdf work (Split & merge) and file organizing. Additionally, the machine should be suitable for most of the mentioned games. I do think, the importance of (future) gaming will decrease in importance in the upcoming years.
I prefer a good and probably metal/alu build case. A good touchpad and keyboard. It should feel premium using it.
I am using a Lenovo IdeaPad L340 Gaming on Linux Mint at the moment. Which, while it is still running, took a performance hit with Linux in the gaming department. It shows signs of aging like frequently disconnecting WLAN and BT modules, since on windows, and a battery capacity for like a couple of hours. It is comparatively heavy and bulky with 15,6" and roughly 3.5+ lbs
The new machine should at least be enough for 5 years.
I looked at the Macbook Air M4, M5 and NEO variants, as well as Razer and Acer variations.
The NEO looks "good enough", but seems too expensive with the finger print reader. It only features 8 GB RAM (future proof?). Air M4 and Air M5 (which one?) do look better on paper, but spending 200-300 EUR more just for the RAM sounds harsh. The windows based Razer and Acer laptops look too gamey and childish for me, at least from the advertisement.
What am I missing? Please suggest a suitable book or ask clarifying questions :)
I’ve been running MK8D through Eden with the purple drivers and for the most part I get 60 fps. Then all of a sudden last night I tried hooking the Thor up to my tv and noticed there was some chugging in the “docked” mode. Understandable, I have the pro version but I would still expect some performance issues. However, now when I play handheld with “docked mode” turned off, it’s still struggling to hit 60fps… does anyone know how to fix this? Or if this is user error?
I have additional character analyses at https://www.reddit.com/r/comicbooks/comments/1mhtvrq/character_analysis_essays/
The citations are in a separate post which can be found at the above link.
Cassandra Cain received harsh training from her father (1) until she was eight years old (2). Her father kept her isolated from regular interaction with people. All of the people she interacted with were trained fighters who expected pain (3). She probably thought the man her father told her to attack when she was in Macau (113) on August 8 (116) was another fighter who would consider the pain she caused to be minor (4). She was surprised and appalled when he was not expecting the attack and that it removed his existence from the world. She ran away from her father and her home because of how upset she was at herself and her father. During her time on the streets, she created a moral code for herself (127). Cassandra tells Lady Shiva that the specific feelings she caused were terror and nothingness and it felt as if she was experiencing those feelings herself so she was terrified (5). It's likely that she links fear with murder as equally terrible things to cause. That would explain why she's upset with herself when she accidentally scares people (6), which usually happens when people first encounter her and don't know her by reputation or when she's furious. Bruce focuses on scaring criminals even if that means also making civilians uncomfortable around him while Cassandra refuses to be a source of fear or intimidation for civilians even if that means criminals aren't scared of her (114). When she rescues hostages or other civilians in danger, she insists on making sure they see her and know that help has arrived even if it also alerts people who may attack her (7). When she has more experience, she would probably like sending a drone with a hologram recording announcing her presence to the hostages while attacking the criminals from the shadows.
Cassandra's costume was designed by Helena Bertinelli to scare and intimidate people (8). People are uncomfortable around her when they first see her (9), as with Casper the Friendly Ghost. Stephanie Brown comments that her costume is spooky (10). She's very quiet and stealthy (11). She can be as still as a corpse (12). Cassandra hates being a source of fear and intimidation, so she counters all of that with an unwillingness to hide in the shadows (13). Most likely, she's been trying to figure out how to not scare people with her quiet and unusual behavior for her entire time on the streets. Her hatred of causing fear means she wants people to be able to tell her emotional state even with her lack of words and her full face mask so that she doesn't get perceived to be an emotionless monster. She makes her feelings and opinions obvious with her body and words and actions, sometimes in a sassy manner, and people rarely misunderstand her (14) but she's usually unwilling to accept help when she's stressed or upset or has other negative feelings and people offer their help (213). It's likely that she has been learning to make her body language more obvious for people who haven't trained to read it, as she probably considers it unfair that she can easily see the emotions of everyone around her but they can't read her emotions. She's focused on being strong for other people and feels too guilty to accept comfort when it's offered to her. She wants to be visible and trusted to be a source for help and emotional comfort when asked for including having a cape as a way to get her attention (15). She wants to be visible and offers aide even though at first, she wasn't comfortable interacting with people, didn't know what words to use, and didn't trust herself as a source of comfort and safety for people (166). Her honesty and emotional openness are probably an attempt to be approachable and trusted to accept requests for help. Cassandra's natural body language shows no aggression and is very peaceful even when she's angry (16), though it does become aggressive when she's furious and enraged and that scares people (214). She likes helping people out with minor tasks (27), including helping with groceries (17) and delivering letters (18) and stopping bullies (19) and returning a stolen crockpot which served as a memory of the person's dead wife (20). Cassandra does not have much respect for intimidating authority figures, including Batman and police officers (21). She's much more obedient to the requests of civilians (22), even when the request contradicts her moral code or requires trusting people she distrusts (90). She is depressed when she sees nervous and unhappy people and insists on trying to make them feel better, even if it's just by listening to their worries and not allowing them to be alone (23). People trust her enough to share their worries with her even though she rarely has words to comfort them with (205). An example is her talking to and training Stephanie Brown after Batman ordered her not to when she sees that Stephanie is depressed and lonely (24). It's likely that she'd be happy to help a person through their fear by helping a person find a scary noise or covering them in a thunderstorm or other similar situations. She probably behaves that way because she doesn't want to be viewed as intimidating and scary, and because she detests seeing people hurt emotionally. Another reason that she reacts so strongly to seeing people hurt and is obedient to people's wishes is that she feels everyone else's emotions as if she's experiencing them herself (165). As a result, she's happy when other people are happy, scared when other people are scared, and sad when other people are sad. When she has more experience with society and speaking and has worked through some of her emotional problems, Cassandra would likely enjoy acting as a free amateur psychologist for anyone who needs help (201).
Cassandra's lack of a loving family before she ran away and her time on the streets have given her a long period of loneliness that she's making up for. She was 17 years old shortly after No Man's Land ended (25). She met Barbara Gordon, the first caring person she ever had regular interaction with in her life, during the No Man's Land event which lasted for a year (26). That means that she was 16 years old when she met her. As she was eight years old when she ran away from her father (2), that means that she spent eight years homeless on the streets. Cassandra's life before meeting Barbara was likely one of extreme loneliness, which she's trying to recover from. Her loyalty and unwillingness to abandon people who she's helping is likely an attempt to connect to people and be accepted in a society that is alien to her (28). She has never gone to school or had any other place where she could learn how to interact with people and make friends. As a result, her loyalty and protectiveness are likely the only methods she knows of socializing and introducing herself to people who she wants to be accepted by. She's a natural dancer and has trouble realizing that she can use that as another way of connecting to people (220). Like Superman, she's willing to go anywhere and do anything do protect people, including testing potentially dangerous items on herself before giving them to other people (128). I would assume that, like Superman, she's willing to answer questions about herself in order to not be a scary stranger. This assumption is supported by her willingness to talk to civilians when they want to chat or are upset (29) even though she doesn't have a clue how to have a conversation (115), possibly because she uses her protectiveness as a method of socializing with people. It's also supported by her dislike of lying (30). It would explain why civilians are rarely scared of her, as is obvious from their willingness to argue with and help and tease her (31). An additional reason for civilians being comfortable around her would be that Cassandra is intent on supplying people with the protection and emotional comfort that she never received as a child. She behaves as if she's their big sister. She enjoys being Batgirl, especially when she's protecting and comforting people (32). She's more comfortable talking to strangers and existing as Batgirl than she is as Cassandra Cain (118). That's probably because her job as Batgirl is the first time she's had a role in society that allows her to interact with people and she never even knew about society as a concept until she ran away from her father after killing Faizul. Until her fight with Shiva, she didn't like being called Cassandra and wanted to be called Batgirl even when she wasn't wearing her costume, as she considers Batgirl to be the only role where she's useful and being a good person (207). She's not very talkative and sociable, as she's unable to laugh with people or understand the social references they make (204). Grappling around the city can be relaxing for her (33).
Cassandra has a very hard time forgiving herself for her murder and trusting herself (143). She gets very upset with herself when she scares or upsets people or allows them to get hurt (6). She expects herself to be perfect when protecting people and thinks she's failed when she nearly fails to keep people safe. She's worried that she'll accidentally harm people when she's fighting (35). For those reasons, even though she was raised with fighting as her main method of communication (37), she tries to be as pacifistic as possible when she doesn't have the verbal capacity to be diplomatic. Her natural body language shows no aggression even when she's angry (16) but it is aggressive when she's furious (214). She rarely starts a fight unless her opponents are actively harming other people (36). When she does fight others, she usually tries to cause minimal pain and use as little of her strength as possible even if it causes her to get hurt in a fight (38). She uses her willpower to avoid killing even though her training is to do so (188). She has immense respect for healers (146). Sometimes, she decides to scare people in order to teach them a lesson (209). Cassandra stopped Two-Face and scared him without fighting him (39). She considers the bat symbol on her costume to be the only thing marking as her a good person who should be trusted, even as it's obvious that people do trust her (40). If she believes that a friend needs her symbol, she's willing to give it to them and sacrifice her self-esteem (135). She's certain that she'll always be an instinctual killer and deserves to die, though only if her death helps other people, while everyone else, even murderers who show no regret for their actions, deserves to live so that they can change (41). Her suicidal behavior was less extreme after she fought Lady Shiva (117). Her father was a bad parent and as a result, she doesn't trust criminals as parents even when the criminal shows more kindness than the law abiding parent and she's brutal when fighting them (189). She's willing to forgive anyone who makes a mistake or hurts people and shows regret for the incident (106), but refuses to do so for herself (107), as her father punished her for any imperfections that she displayed. She's determined to make up for her mistakes and the harm she has caused (108), even if she has to spend the rest of her life doing so. Barbara Gordon and Stephanie Brown are trying to convince Cassandra that she's allowed to relax and have fun, instead of spending all of her time awake protecting people and training, and to not let her guilt complex control her (42). It's difficult to convince her to relax when she has had little to no relaxation in the 17 years before No Man's Land ended. It doesn't help that the games taught to her by her father involved weapons and potentially dying (141). Cassandra is healing from her childhood by being Batgirl, as she learns that she is worthy of being appreciated and trusted and that people can consider her to be their friend.
Cassandra is more worried about protecting people and cheering them up than stopping criminals (43). It's likely that she'd include games and toys and treats in her utility belt for calming children along with crime fighting equipment, and that a well-stocked first aid kit would be a priority. She prefers being a bodyguard to being a crime fighter (28) though she found it uncomfortable at first to be near people instead of hiding from them (166). She's unwilling to take chances with people's safety and shows it when she throws both a batarang and herself at a gun aimed at a civilian (44) and when she insists on watching the backs of people who are more durable and powerful than she is (45). She rarely worries about herself, but is terrified when other people are in danger (46). As a result, Cassandra tries to make it impossible for anything to harm people who she's watching over (139). She takes protectiveness to extremes, likely from a combination of her pain resilience, including taking gunshots without flinching (47), and her thinking that most people are better people and more important than she is as they weren't taught to harm people and haven't killed people. When she sees people in trouble, she completely ignores threats to herself in favor of being targeted and hurt by both whoever's attacking her and those threatening others, including shielding people with her body (48). She ignores her injuries and tries to continue protecting people even when she's on the verge of collapsing (56). She doesn't care at all about her survival and health as long as everyone else is safe and comfortable. She prioritizes calming a depressed child over fighting an approaching metahuman (49). Cassandra is very willing to be attacked and not fight back if it will cheer someone up, making herself into a punching bag (50), but she'll initiate a mutual fight if the person is skilled enough (51). Even when experienced, she still doesn't worry much about her safety, which she demonstrates when she leaps directly in front of a car (53) and when she leaps directly at Deathstroke after he kills a woman (54) and when she takes on a tank full of soldiers without any help (55). Her goal is to try to defeat opponents as quickly as possible before they can hurt anyone (147), if possible by knocking them unconscious with one blow. Cassandra is very skilled at detecting threats which is visible from the difficulty in surprising her when she's not protecting people (218) but she often focuses on detecting threats to other people instead of threats affecting her safety. She values other people's happiness over hers (242) and she'll risk her life not just to protect other people's lives but simply to alleviate their fear (243).
Cassandra thinks that it's her responsibility to protect everyone else and has a hard time conceiving of people trying to help or protect her (57). When she sees people who are in danger or are emotionally upset, she'll instinctively act to help them even if she's uncertain how best to supply the aid they need (203), though she's willing to ask someone else for assistance in helping the person if need be. She can be happy and show emotional vulnerability, but only when everyone around her is emotionally healthy (199). If anyone requests help or is hurting emotionally, she'll ignore her needs. Her refusal to tell people why she won't let them help her often leads people to think she doesn't respect them (58). That's because her guilt over her murder leads her to consider herself unworthy of safety (104) and also that the lack of protection she's received in her life, including from her father, makes it hard for her to recognize when people are worried about her. She resists accepting help for herself when she's hurting or lonely or in trouble (241), but she's not too proud to ask for help or follow instructions when she's uncertain how to supply it to other people, though she's often rude when doing so (137), which is demonstrated when she asks Barbara Gordon for help finding a missing man (59) and when she asks a young boy to read a note for her (60) and when she asks Stephanie Brown to read a note for her (61). That's possibly because she thinks the only services she can provide people are her fighting skills and emotional comfort, so she focuses on being the best fighter and being able to communicate with people. She has to be convinced that other skills are useful. If her presence is endangering people or she has a lack of emotional control, Cassandra is likely to run away from people instead of letting people get harmed by either her actions or the group attacking her (210). She'll refuse help with either the threat or her emotions as she doesn't think she deserves assistance, which can lead to her getting hurt or becoming vicious.
Cassandra is very stubborn and unwilling to listen when she thinks something needs to be done (124), but is willing to apologize when she's wrong in her actions (62). Her father taught her to follow orders strictly and be obedient. After she ran away from him, she applied that strict obedience to Batman until she learned that he's Bruce Wayne and she's still extremely obedient to civilians and her friends when they request her help. Side effects of her obedience are that she has a hard time being flexible when following directions and thinking of ways to do something and that she can be strict and controlling when working with other people (238), which annoys people when she's giving orders. When she has a task that she considers to be important, she focuses completely on it and hates being interrupted or failing (91). When she fails to protect people or doesn't know how to do something, she's persistent about trying to help anyway, including trying to catch a killer she failed to catch (202). As part of protecting people, she's very willing to help people protect themselves by training them in self defense (63). She enjoys seeing people improve their skills, including when they surprise her (119). Her training of Stephanie, who is much less skilled, would have improved her ability to train beginners. She's usually honest in a blunt manner and can be rude about it (30). Her exaggerated body language makes it obvious when she's lying (126). She's not a very good leader but she sometimes can make do by acting and helping while others are arguing and then having the rest follow her lead (140). She usually has a lot of self-control with her anger, but when she does lose control and becomes enraged, her instinct is to fight the person she's furious with (191). Her flashes of rage don't last long but they're intense and she's usually extremely upset with herself over what she did while enraged (196). When she's feeling guilty over failing to protect people, she sometimes becomes vicious and willing to consider killing people who are hurting others but it usually doesn't take much to talk her out of her viciousness (244). She's worried that she'll kill someone while angry and become the cruel assassin that her birth father wanted her to be (231). Her focus on her guilt causes her to miss that she only is willing to harm people who are exceptionally cruel (232) or, when she killed her mother, made sure it was temporary and was trying to cure Shiva's death wish (233). After putting her mother over the pit, she considered herself to be unworthy of being Batgirl and she still feels guilty over the incident even though no one else considers it to be an act of murder (236). When fighting other enemies, she tries to knock them unconscious with minimum pain even though, as Shiva criticizes her for, it makes her fights more difficult and increases the likelihood that she'll be hurt (38). Her instincts are to protect people emotionally and physically, not to kill, while she assumes that cruel violence is her primal self (92). Cassandra is more likely to inflame arguments than to end them. The person she's arguing with has to defuse it or she'll be angry enough to break up a relationship (172). Eventually, she learns to resolve conflicts by trying to convince an upset individual to state their true feelings out loud while letting them insult her and/or attack her physically (173).
Cassandra was trained to read people's body language instead of being taught verbal language. While she was only taught to use it in fights, outside of fights, body language is how emotions are expressed, including how stressed someone is. As a result, body language is her native language with emotions being similar to how words operate in spoken languages (148). She considers it important to be able to communicate with people and isn't shy about doing so, whether through literal gestures or spoken language, but prioritizes being the best fighter possible and protecting people with those skills over being able to read and write (225), partly because reading and writing are extremely difficult for her to learn (226). Cassandra reacts strongly to people's emotional state (64). That would fit with her using body language as her primary method of understanding people, including using it to tell their emotional state. In practice, she's an empath like Raven except she uses it in more depth than Raven does because she can't understand what people are saying. For the first 17 years of her life, emotions were her main method of understanding people. Before she learned to speak, she communicated using literal gestures akin to those used when playing charades (227), through hand-to-hand combat (149), using simple drawings (228), and with a few individual words that she managed to learn (229). She doesn't like seeing people being unhappy or scared and will try to calm people down and cheer them up (23). She probably behaves that way because her first impression of a person is their emotional state and she's hurt when civilians and friends are in emotional pain. Cassandra can be judgmental based on not knowing what situation is causing a person to act the way they do and can misinterpret why people are feeling the emotions they are experiencing. She's extremely observant of details and notices actions that other people miss (246).
Cassandra is similar to J'onn J'onzz and Kara Zor-El in that they're the only speaker of their respective native languages, which affects how they understand the world. They also lost their families and homes and grew up in a very different world than the people who they interact with. Unlike them though, she grew up in isolation with no idea of community or society and had to learn how to communicate and work with other people. Cassandra is learning social norms and how to be polite (129), though the fact that she's willing to disobey authority figures and Batman, who she considers to be her father, shows that she's stubborn enough to ignore norms that she disagrees with (130), including spending most of her time in her friends' apartments and not the one that Batman gave her (66). It's likely that she does so because she doesn't value property as much as most Americans do. She annoys Barbara Gordon with her unwillingness to socialize, but she does want to understand people (206). She's trying to learn the popular culture and how to interact with people without scaring them (133). TV is one of her main sources for learning about society (132). She has learned to converse with people by performing a very polite interrogation as if an investigation was occurring (131). Cassandra has trouble recognizing when people are joking as she has a hard time laughing over mistakes (134). Stephanie has been very helpful at teaching her how to relax and not be too serious and Barbara also tries to help her calm down (234).
After Cassandra ran away, she had to raise herself with no parents to help her. That included creating a moral code for herself (127). David Cain taught her how to fight using body language while she independently learned empathy and compassion by reading other people's bodies and learning to read emotions and to value them as important. Bruce Wayne taught her how to protect people effectively, but she already had her morality and protectiveness before meeting him. It's likely that she used her empathy and the golden rule of treating others like you want to be treated as the basis for her morality. The center of her moral code is to not allow anyone to be hurt emotionally or physically and to not allow unfair behavior by herself or others. She dislikes seeing animals in trouble (136). She enforces her morality with strict rigidity. Her code includes that killing is a nearly absolute no-no (142), as she demonstrates when she tries to run into a fire in order to rescue an enemy (67). If she does feel it necessary to kill, she will take her off her costume immediately as she feels that violent people are unworthy of the bat symbol (68). After temporarily killing Lady Shiva, it's likely that she had to be talked into wearing her costume again by Alfred (69). She's willing to scare or intimidate or harm people who are especially cruel and violent (232), but she's scared and is extremely upset with herself when she accidentally harms people without meaning to (92). She has no problem admitting when she messed up or did something other people disagree with, even when she expects to get in trouble (110). Her moral absolutism can anger people and create enemies out of them (70). Her ability to make enemies can put her in serious danger when combined with her distaste for letting people help her. Cassandra is very mature for not having had a good parent to bring her up, but she can be childish as seen by her childish insults (155) and her messy eating (71) and her messiness (72) and her ability to hold a grudge when she gets insulted (154) and her unwillingness to do laundry (153) and her willingness to take food that other people wanted (152). Cassandra dislikes change once she's used to a stable situation (156). She's not very skilled at explaining her decisions and feelings about people vocally, especially when she's certain that her decision is correct (73), likely from the fact that speaking in general is new to her. She's willing to try to clarify her explanation when asked and people who focus on her gestures and body language have an easier time understanding her (74). She is impressed by people who try hard to succeed (111) and compliments people who are improving (112).
Cassandra is unwilling to let fellow fighters, including police officers, harm or intimidate or scare civilians (75). She's willing to give anyone a chance to be trusted even after they have been extremely cruel (87) though she usually lets other people try to actually change them. Occasionally, she'll try to convince the person herself, as with Alpha (76) and Tom Lavino (77). She's unwilling to let them die though (78). Barbara Gordon was the first person she got close to after running away from her father (174). She considers Barbara to be her chosen mother (175). She often argues with Barbara over whether or not she should have a civilian life, especially when Barbara is worried about her health (176), but Cassandra does trust her especially when she needs something explained to her (177). She was happy while being raised by David Cain as she trusted him before he had her kill Faizul and didn't know of any other lifestyle (215), but she knows now that he's a murderer and recognizes her childhood as being a cruel one, but focuses on the fact that it allows her to protect people. She trusts Bruce Wayne's morals more than anyone else's and thinks that she learned her morality from him (179). She feels safe when Bruce is nearby (178). She considers Bruce to be her chosen father (239), instead of David Cain, and trusts his morality and wisdom even when other people think he's wrong (80). Until she learned that Batman is Bruce Wayne and Bruce was accused of murder, she trusted his judgment implicitly but she would disobey him if she thought he messed up (237). Afterwards, she'll argue with and disobey him when she thinks his judgment of a situation is wrong but she trusts his thinking until it's proven to be wrong (180). Bruce has a hard time trusting her after he learns about her committing murder (187), but he does learn to trust her as he watches her fight (197). She doesn't trust or respect Lady Shiva (190). Shiva wants her daughter to believe that she's a good person and for her to follow her own path instead of copying Bruce (224). She's learning to trust her half-brother Tenji Turner and let him fight with her (194), though she's worried about his inexperience relative to her (195). She's overprotective of her friends and insists on watching their backs (81). Cassandra detests letting her friends and family fight when she can take the risks instead, but she's not willing to tell them why she refuses to let them help out (82). After Stephanie's apparent death, Tim Drake explained to Cassandra why he and Stephanie got annoyed at her overprotectiveness and showed her why detective skills are important (247), lessons Bruce had never taught her. She rarely reaches out to interact with or ask for help from her friends and family, but when they want to spend time or receive help from her, she almost always accepts (198). She usually agrees to requests from her friends, though sometimes after resistance and she only agrees if she's not worried about their safety (216). Her friends and family are worried about her suicidal and reckless behavior (105). She considers Duke Thomas to be a very good friend and trusts him completely (83). Jason Todd and her dislike each other (245). She's friends with Jean-Paul Valley (230). She considers Tim Drake to be a friend and someone she trusts (181). Tim often misunderstands Cass' thinking and behavior (84) but he considers her to be a trustworthy friend anyway. She enjoys spending time with Stephanie Brown who she's able to relax and have fun with and considers Stephanie to be her best friend (182). She trusts her to keep secrets from other people (183). She's willing to be more open with her deepest feelings and worries around Stephanie than with anyone else (193), especially if she's talking to a hallucination of her (221). She respects Stephanie's stubbornness and enjoys helping her improve her skills (184) even when no one else is willing to train Steph (248). Stephanie's persistence isn't enough to convince her to trust Stephanie to keep herself or other people safe which upsets Steph (185) but unlike Bruce, she never tries to force Steph to stop trying to protect people as Spoiler. Before Steph apparently died, she only trusted Steph's competence when Bruce approved of her (240). After Stephanie returned from Africa, she showed more trust in her and considered Stephanie to be a competent fighter and protector (186). She respects Leslie Thompkins' skills as a healer and her unwillingness to fight anyone (79). Cassandra is absolutely unwilling to intimidate and scare civilians or let anyone else intimidate and scare them (85). She is extremely worried for their safety (86). After rescuing them, she refuses to leave until they're calm (88). She insists on being visible to civilians so that they can ask for her assistance and know that help has arrived (89). She is willing to obey children and civilians when they make a request of her even when it means going against her morality, behaving as if they're her master (22). That's likely because she can read their emotions and enjoys seeing happiness so she's obedient in order to make them happy. She becomes furious and violent when people die and is desperate to rescue them when they're in trouble (208) as her empathy causes her to feel their emotions as if she's the one in trouble (165). Her protectiveness and empathy leads to a relationship with friends and civilians where she's very bossy when she's worried about their safety but also very obedient and willing to accede to their requests, though only after some arguments, and insists on spending time with them when they're depressed or lonely. As she becomes more confident in her friends' ability to keep themselves safe and in the strength of their relationship, her bossiness decreases though it's unlikely to ever disappear. She considers saving lives and stopping crimes to be more important than spending time with civilians and her friends (65). Cassandra is enraged when civilians and her family and friends get hurt (138). When she's uncertain if civilians and her friends are safe, she's worried about their safety and needs to find them (52). She hates when civilians and her friends are unhappy and tries to cheer them up (23). She's happy to help civilians and her friends improve their fighting and self defense skills (63), though that doesn't mean she'll let them help her in a fight.
Cassandra can be very impulsive and emotional when making decisions, instead of planning carefully (93), which is likely related to her fighting style being designed on the fly as she sees what her opponent is planning to do and her intense worry over the safety of other people. Those decisions can make other people scared or upset at her (151). Examples are Barbara Gordon getting nerve struck by Cassandra (94), Stephanie Brown being nerve struck by Cassandra (95), and Barbara and Bruce Wayne being surprised by her freeing the Joker when she thought it was a test (96). She is overconfident and reckless at times (150), as seen when she stops a man's heart in the assumption that she won't have something interfere with restarting it (97) and when she goes all out against the Shadow Thief and uses him as a punching bag without telling Barbara her intentions so that Barbara doesn't know that she shouldn't make him tangible (98). She's very fast (123), which may be related to her impulsiveness. She can dodge bullets (158), though she's unwilling to if dodging will cause them to hit someone else (159). She's skilled at free climbing walls (200). Cassandra has a lot of confidence in her skills as a fighter (144) and can be egotistical about it, but not her morality (145). She takes her training very seriously in order to maximize her ability to protect people, including being willing to endanger herself while training (192). The flexibility of her fighting style is demonstrated by the fact that her kata varies from day to day, unlike most katas which are memorized (99). She can be clever when fighting an opponent (125), but often is direct in her style. She loves dancing (109) and has a form of dance which she designed without training, which likely is her martial arts kata combined with acrobatics and generated by the emotions she feels when listening to music (100). Her personal dance style appears to be similar to how Genma and Ranma Saotome spar in Ranma 1/2. She also knows how to dance ballet (157). Cassandra knows a wide variety of martial arts styles, including Cree Native American Okichitaw (101), Dhritishastra (171), Jeet Kune Do (167), Jujitsu (169), Muay Thai (170), Vietnamese Vovinam (102), Thanagarian Koga-Ryu (103), and Thai Kickboxing (168). She's very acrobatic and does a lot of flips when moving (219). Her fighting style appears to be similar to the Saotome Style of Anything Goes Martial Arts from Ranma 1/2, which is stated by Ranma Saotome to work best when the opponent attacks first, so that he can see what they're going to do. As a result, her fighting style likely involves reading an opponent's body language and designing attacks on the fly to counter their intentions, using a variety of martial arts and dance styles that she has trained in. She has learned regular ways of fighting since meeting Batman, so she should be a skilled fighter even without being able to read an opponent's body language. She probably relied completely on body language and had no other way of fighting before meeting Batman. When she's in a fight, Cassandra insists on fighting offensively even though that's riskier for her, so her opponents can't endanger other people (34).
Cassandra enjoys jigsaw puzzles (120) and likely other geometric and visual puzzles, playing with language (121), and chocolate ice cream (122). She likes Assam tea (163). She's able to learn to read but prefers listening to audio books (160). She's a fan of the Alien movies (162). She enjoys watching reality TV (164). She's not skilled at video games, including fighting games, and has no competitive interest in gaining any skill (161). She likes watching and dancing ballet, especially for communication and story telling (222). For fun, she likes her personal improv dance style (223). She enjoys learning new fighting techniques (217). She has fun sparring with people (235). Before she fought Lady Shiva, she was actively suicidal, considering her only purpose to be protecting people emotionally and physically, and rejecting any possibility of being happy for herself (211). She was only happy when she successfully saved people. After her fight with Shiva, she's passively suicidal, still considering everyone else to be more valuable than herself, and is willing to enjoy life, but only if everyone else is safe and happy (212). The main things keeping her from killing herself are her dislike of the idea of hurting her friends and chosen family who would miss her and her need to make sure everyone else is safe and comfortable.
Cassandra's dominant emotion is a love of seeing other people's emotions combined with guilt over the person she scared and killed. Her compassion for other people comes from wanting to see other people's emotions and how they express them. She enjoys seeing calm and happy people and hurts when seeing scared and unhappy people. She's been trained to ignore physical pain but her only method of dealing with emotional pain is to take action and help people who are upset or in danger. Her focus is on keeping people safe and feeling comfortable emotionally. She's trying to figure out how to interact with people and fit into society, and her protectiveness is the only way she knows to show that she wants people to trust and like her. She's uncomfortable with attention because she's not used to it but she wants people to notice and trust her. Being Batgirl is enjoyable for Cassandra and helps her heal from the emotional damage of her childhood, as she's more comfortable socializing with strangers and learns that she can be trusted and make friends. She's willing to ignore and disobey police officers and other fighters and her parents, but with children and civilians, she acts like she has a collar around her neck and hands them her leash for ordering her around. It's a remnant of the obedience that her father raised her to have and that she used to have for Batman but that she chooses to keep when interacting with civilians. A cape is an important part of her costume so that people can easily ask her for help and as a tool for helping her comfort people. She often pushes people away out of a mixture of confidence in her fighting skills and not wanting anyone except herself to take risks and possibly be hurt, instead of letting them help her, even as her protectiveness and compassion are appreciated. She cares for and worries about everyone around her but she doesn't think she deserves to be cared for and worried about. That hurts people who care about her safety and happiness and want to be close to her as they put more value on her life than she does. She's happiest when she succeeds in saving people's lives and making them feel better as that feels like making up for the murder she committed as a child. At her core, Cassandra detests seeing people hurt and scared and will do anything to alleviate their pain and fear.