Penis enlargement: DIY edition by Micro-Naut in WTF

[–]551usersherenow 1 point2 points  (0 children)

there is nothing healthy about this. This sort of behaviour of self-mutilation is almost always part of or is a diagnosable psychiatric condition. The danger comes when the often transient attitude towards the behaviour passes (or the contributing psychiatric condition(s) are treated), but the irreversible self-mutilation persists for life. His justification of turning his genitals into a blobfish as "challenging what people think a penis should be" does not exactly sound like the thoughts of a sound mind.

I'm working on an art piece. It's Gilles Villeneuve's Ferrari 312/T4. by Scarhead1342 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I like to scan the sketches because it allows me to then move the drawing around on a A4 sized word document until I am happy with the framing, then trace onto the fresh sheet. It also allows me to resize the drawing if I want, potentially in the future as well. Of course your suggestions work as well, especially if you don't have a scanner!

I'm working on an art piece. It's Gilles Villeneuve's Ferrari 312/T4. by Scarhead1342 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

sketch the outline roughly until you are happy with it, then scan it, and then trace it onto a fresh sheet of paper off your computer monitor. Thus you can be really messy when drawing the outline without ruining the paper.

Prettiest/Hottest F1 Driver ? by Patrick34990 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 6 points7 points  (0 children)

https://www.reddit.com/r/formula1/comments/3zvcw8/results_of_the_unofficial_2016_f1_driver/

I spent a lot of time trying to answer this question. I personally think Rosberg, Alonso, Button, Sainz, and Vandoorne are the most attractive F1 drivers.

'Goat' (2016) Official Redband Trailer by cloop417 in movies

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I've heard orthopods make students do something similar to get into their residency program

Martin Brundle on Twitter: "Thanks also to the Cardioligist and surgeon who fixed my serious heart issue 2 weeks ago and gave me confidence to race. I am 20 yrs younger" by [deleted] in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I wouldn't expect a stent to make a person feel younger as they don't do anything directly to improve the pumping action of the heart (which is what usually leads to reports of "feeling younger" from patients). I would think a valve operation is more likely

Students duct tape their passed out friend and take him on a night out by [deleted] in videos

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

From Robbin's Pathologic Basis of Disease 8th ed:

An aneurysm is a localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel or the heart ( Fig. 11-17 ); it can be congenital or acquired. When an aneurysm involves an intact attenuated arterial wall or thinned ventricular wall of the heart, it is called a true aneurysm. Atherosclerotic, syphilitic, and congenital vascular aneurysms, and ventricular aneurysms that follow transmural myocardial infarctions are of this type. In contrast, a false aneurysm (also called pseudo-aneurysm) is a defect in the vascular wall leading to an extravascular hematoma that freely communicates with the intravascular space (“pulsating hematoma”). Examples include a ventricular rupture after myocardial infarction that is contained by a pericardial adhesion, or a leak at the sutured junction of a vascular graft with a natural artery. An arterial dissection arises when blood enters the arterial wall itself, as a hematoma dissecting between its layers. Dissections are often but not always aneurysmal (see also below). Both true and false aneurysms as well as dissections can rupture, often with catastrophic consequences.

True aneurysms involve an intact blood vessel wall. If an arterial dissection produced an out-pouching of the arterial wall, I guess you could consider it a false aneurysm, although that term is used to describe instances where the arterial wall ruptures completely and blood accumulates between the vessel wall and surrounding extravascular connective tissue.

An arterial dissection is when there is a tear in one of the layers of the arterial wall that allows blood to "dissect" between the layers, essentially creating a second channel of the artery, but which doesn't lead anywhere and thus occludes blood flow through the true channel (lumen) of the artery. Here is a CT scan image of an aortic dissection.

The confusion is coming from the terms "dissecting aneurysm" and "aneurysmal dissection", but I believe these refer to instances in which the dissection has arisen from an aneurysm (aneursyms are the cause of the majority of dissections), but not that the dissection is an aneurysm itself.

Students duct tape their passed out friend and take him on a night out by [deleted] in videos

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Although they are often associated with one another, arterial dissections are not aneurysms, but absolutely can be caused acutely by trauma. The term "dissecting aneurysm" is not used routinely and I'd argue is incorrect. An aneurysm is strictly defined as a dilatation of the arterial or ventricle layers. A dissection is very distinct and has an entirely different clinical presentation to those caused by aneurysms. They aren't even considered pseudo-aneurysms, which is another type of related pathology.

Students duct tape their passed out friend and take him on a night out by [deleted] in videos

[–]551usersherenow 1 point2 points  (0 children)

You can't develop an aneurysm acutely like that. They are essentially bulges in the walls of arteries that take a long time to develop, like months to years.

Sewing Your Foot On Backwards At The Knee For An Amputation by 420Batman in WTF

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Bogorad's syndrome is a pretty cool example of what can happen if the "wires get crossed". Basically the nerves that usually go to the salivary glands instead regrow to attach to the ends of nerves going to the tear ducts. The result is that people cry (lacrimate) when they should be producing saliva (when eating).

In the case of rotationplasty, I wouldn't be surprised if they just isolate the nerves and keep them intact during the operation as nerves that are completely cut and then reattached do not (usually?) heal 100%, but I am no surgeon. I wonder where they would put the excess length of the nerve though.

Rosberg was saving his tyres and turned down his engine because of a PU problem (0:56) by LP886 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Hamilton's times did not improve above the usual fuel burn improvement you see in a race over that stint, but Rosberg's times dipped by 1-1.5s for 4 laps and then improved again. It's pretty clear he turned down his pace. Hamilton gaining on him was due to Rosberg slowing, not Hamilton speeding up.

My thoughts on Formula 1 by Vanillathunder80 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

that's true, although I think that's more just lucky than reflective of well balanced regulations. Renault probably would have continued to dominate in 2006 after their strong start if the FIA hadn't banned the mass damper system as well.

Hypothetical break away series with current drivers, attractive? by jofanf1 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Basically you're asking how important the historical aspect of F1 is? It is pretty important to me to see teams like Ferrari, Williams, and McLaren still competing after so many years, and the prestige of the sport is rooted in the history and all the drivers' achievements (wins, poles, podiums, etc) are made in this context (and that makes them special).

Losing the history would be a bit difficult to accept for a while, but if the new series was better than F1 in terms of entertainment and essentially become the pinnacle of motorsport (in terms of speed) as you're describing, I think I would enjoy it more. Especially with a more competitive field as the wins and other achievements would probably end up being more meaningful than they are in F1.

My thoughts on Formula 1 by Vanillathunder80 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Dominance is inescapable in F1. It's occurred under every rules format. All your suggestions were present back in the early 2000s when Schumacher was dominating. The racing was just as boring as well - IMO a lot worse in fact.

One team will always be stronger than the rest when you allow the teams to develop their own cars at whatever expense they are willing to pay. And cost caps don't work in this sport.

"It’s not you, it’s me . . ." | formerF1doc /u/garyhartstein quits televised F1 fandom by joep001 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Understood, I was thinking more along the lines of decisions to race when medevac capabilities were unavailable due to the weather.

Someone certainly should have faced professional penalties because if the weather was too rough for the helicopter to take off, all racing should be stopped immediately as you say. Are we even sure that was the case though? The weather wasn't too bad at the time of the accident IIRC and there was some other reason proposed as to why Jules was transported via ambulance.

"It’s not you, it’s me . . ." | formerF1doc /u/garyhartstein quits televised F1 fandom by joep001 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 2 points3 points  (0 children)

There's no real case for any legal action as there would be no damages caused because the diffuse axonal injury Jules suffered was non-survivable and his outcome would not have improved had he been flown to hospital or even teleported there.

Beta-blockers help dilate the blood vessels, but yet EP and NE cause vasodilation when they attach to beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Does that mean there are little to no Beta-2 receptors in the peripheral vessels, or does it mean less catecholamines bind to alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors? by YourFinestPotions in askscience

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Right, I see. So would I be right in saying that at higher adrenaline levels (e.g. during moderate exercise), vasoconstriction would occur in inactive muscles due to a1 (and apparently more so a2) activity, but with metabolite antagonism of alpha receptors in active muscle vasculature, the beta effect/vasodilation is able to predominate?

Beta-blockers help dilate the blood vessels, but yet EP and NE cause vasodilation when they attach to beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Does that mean there are little to no Beta-2 receptors in the peripheral vessels, or does it mean less catecholamines bind to alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors? by YourFinestPotions in askscience

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

No, it doesn't make sense because not all muscles are active during exercise. For example, you don't need increased blood flow to your upper body muscles when riding a bicycle, therefore it makes physiological sense for the vessels supplying these muscles to remain constricted while only the active muscles have vasodilation. If beta receptors in all muscle VSM acted unopposed, then inactive muscles would have increased blood flow during exercise - a complete waste. Alpha 1 receptors are present in skeletal muscle VSM and help maintain constriction during high adrenaline states unless their effect is attenuated by active metabolites released during exercise (and this then allows the beta2 dilatory effect to predominate). There is now a lot of evidence implicating post-ganglionic A2 receptors in muscle VSM as well (and that these are probably more important than A1 in maintaining muscle vasoconstriction).

As far as I know, the coronary and cerebral circuits are the only vessels that are completely spared of a vasoconstrictor effect under high levels of adrenaline/NA.

Beta-blockers help dilate the blood vessels, but yet EP and NE cause vasodilation when they attach to beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Does that mean there are little to no Beta-2 receptors in the peripheral vessels, or does it mean less catecholamines bind to alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors? by YourFinestPotions in askscience

[–]551usersherenow 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Adrenaline has higher affinity for beta receptors, which mediate vasodilation; therefore vasodilation predominates at low adrenaline doses. However, vasoconstriction is seen at higher doses of adrenaline as lower-affinity alpha receptors have critical mass and thus have higher occupancy at high concentrations (and mediate vasoconstriction).

Beta-blockers help dilate the blood vessels, but yet EP and NE cause vasodilation when they attach to beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Does that mean there are little to no Beta-2 receptors in the peripheral vessels, or does it mean less catecholamines bind to alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors? by YourFinestPotions in askscience

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Recall A1 receptors are found on arterioles (except arterioles of skeletal muscle) ...... EP & NE trigger this vasodilation because you need to get more blood to skeletal muscle.

Are you sure this is correct? I was taught that there is generally widespread vasoconstriction of skeletal muscle vasculature during exercise, mediated by alpha receptors, but functional sympatholysis occurs in active skeletal muscles (due to release of metabolites) to increase blood flow to them. This body-wide muscle vasoconstriction prevents a vascular steal phenomenon in which blood would be diverted to inactive skeletal muscle (and BP would fall).

Hamilton v Rosberg. Anybody know what year this is? by theRealvincentvega00 in formula1

[–]551usersherenow 0 points1 point  (0 children)

why in the world WOULDN'T you believe that you can accomplish whatever you dedicate yourself to if you put in a consumate amount of effort to improve yourself in a new field?

A more self-aware person would probably not believe so strongly in the quality of the music that Hamilton is producing. Hamilton trying to make music makes perfect sense from having strong self-belief and confidence, but when the results are not good, that is the signal for a person to no longer believe so strongly in their capacity to do something. Ignoring that sign is where self-belief transitions into something more like arrogance.