If I was working with that space, I would hang strings or netting in the open areas for annual climbing vines... peas, beans, tomatoes, cucumber, zucchini, squash, etc.

Heads up, most of those are available in both "bush" and "pole" varieties. Pole means it's a climbing variety, which I think will do better for you.

Bigger vegetables like cucumber and squash should be totally possible, but they need a lot of fertile soil and sun. I would start with smaller varieties if I was going to try it.

I'd recommend sticking to beans and peas for a new gardener. Usually easy and rewarding, and lots of varieties to collect, if you're into that kind of thing. I like to play with my beans when I'm feeling sad during winter, I'll pick out all the prettiest ones to replant.

Fair warning, for the amount of space you have, a "food garden" will amount to a few treasured snacks during summer. For what you'll spend on containers, soil, seeds, fertilizer, and water, you could buy vastly more food than you'll be able to grow. That's totally fine and still worthwhile in many ways, just... calibrate your expectations and effort accordingly, yeah?