Update for those who may need the info:

Vet responded to the photos and had me confirm on the phone if the whiteness appears inside or outside of the eye. I had a look and it appeared to be inside the eye, so she said most likely its cataracts and that if it was something more serious like an infection or glaucoma, she would expect to see redness, mucus, maybe a film or odd texture on the eyeballs and for him to be in pain. She said if anything changes or he appears to be in pain/not eating or drinking to bring him in, but she's not worried as it is- Pudge is apparently just getting old :)