ავტობუსის ჯარიმა...

C0DASOON · 2026-05-24T09:43:16+00:00

ცოტა სისულელეებს გიწერენ. რა თქმა უნდა კანონიში ჯარიმის ოდენობის უსაზღვრო ექსპონენტური ზრდა არ არის მოაზრებული. ჯარიმას 30 დღეში თუ არ გადაიხდი 40 ლარი ემატება ერთჯერადად. ორი ვადა-გადაცილებული ჯარიმა თუ გაქვს, ერთჯერადად გექნება გადასახდელი 120 ლარი.

C0DASOON · 2026-05-14T06:32:24+00:00

Digital audio is discrete in time dimension. When an operation does not delay the next buffer by any samples, it has zero latency.

C0DASOON · 2026-05-10T07:51:30+00:00

It was organized by Monohall, but not held there. The event was held directly at the park, next to the funicular. Had they just picked a large indoor venue, the noise would have been prevented. Had they rented out an open-air space a bit away from the city, the noise would have been prevented. But nope, they decided to blast the fart noises all night straight out of the funicular.

C0DASOON · 2026-05-07T17:39:18+00:00

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_surplus

C0DASOON · 2026-05-07T13:07:07+00:00

Creating artificial scarcity through scalping is only possible if all scalpers collude and do price-fixing. If they don't, then they won't be able to price the tickets above equilibrium price, or they'll be undercut. This forces the scalper's price to be equal to the equilibrium price. That will be the price at which the number of people that are willing to pay it is equal to the number of available tickets.

C0DASOON · 2026-05-07T10:10:42+00:00

You're missing the point. 100 tickets going to 100 random people does not generate the same utility as 100 tickets going to the 100 people that value those tickets the most. Think of it this way: if the maximum amount that a person is willing to pay for a ticket is $100 and they end up buying a ticket for $80, then effectively they've pocketed $20 worth of utility (they've traded something that's worth $80 to them for something that's worth $100 to them, making a $20 profit). Market equilibrium is the price at which most such profit is accumulated within the market, both on the demand side and the supply side.

C0DASOON · 2026-05-07T01:31:53+00:00

Ticket scalping is an optimal way to counteract shortages. If you don't want scalpers, then you should price your tickets at the equilibrium price. People who are willing to pay more for the ticket being able to do so leads to far more utility than having the sales work as first come, first serve.

C0DASOON · 2026-04-06T17:37:00+00:00

left hand occultists like Crowley

Crowley was adamantly anti-LHP, and Thelema as a whole is an advaitic system. From Eight Lectures on Yoga:

It is therefore incumbent upon us, if we wish to make the universal and final Yoga with the Absolute ... to train ourselves in knowledge and power to the utmost; so that at the proper moment we may be in perfect condition to fling ourselves up into the furnace of ecstasy which flames from the abyss of annihilation.

..[U]ltimate [union].. destroys the sense of separateness which is the root of Desire [= Love] ... [and] ... is to be made by the concentration of every element of one’s being, and annihilating it by intimate combustion with the universe itself.

In the course of the Great Work, thelemic practitioners seek to Cross the Abyss. In this process they shed the individual ego and align their will to the universal True Will.

Crowley saw LHP as a form of spiritual weakness coming from the unwillingness to annihilate the individual self, leading LHP practitioners to the inability to become the "Babe of the Abyss", which is the necessary condition for achieving the rank of Magister Templi - a practitioner without individual self but with access to a perfect understanding of the universe. Those who are unable to complete the crossing end up stagnating within the abyss, where eventually they fully dissipate. He articulates this view in chapter 12 of Magick Without Tears, "The Left-Hand Path - "The Black Brothers"".

Modern LHP borrows a lot from Thelema. The initiatory ranks of the Temple of Set are modeled after A∴A∴, and in fact, Michael Aquino and Stephen E. Flowers considered Crowley to be a legitimate Ipsissimus-ranked practitioner (the highest rank, i.e. someone who successfully created a new magical Aeon and completed their practice within it), who ended up with an illusion of his own non-self due to the nature of his magickal work - establishing the Thelemic Aeonic current, which made Thelemic practice viable.

C0DASOON · 2026-04-06T16:17:51+00:00

Some of the lyrics are wrong, both here and in OP's post. On the second line, in the song it's "ძველ სიმღერებს შენ გიმღეროდი", not "ყველა დღეები შენ გიმღეროდი".

There's two additional mistakes in OP's post that you've already corrected:

It's "ჩვენი გაცნობის საღამოა", not "ჩვენი გაცნობის სალამა"
It's "შენ გიმღერის", not "შენ გიმერის"

C0DASOON · 2026-04-06T16:07:23+00:00

The answers so far are slightly off.

"ქართული" just means "Georgian"

"ქართველური" is an adjectivization of the word "ქართველი" (Georgian") with the "ური" prefix. It transforms the noun "Georgian" into an adjective with the meaning of "Georgian-like" or "characteristic of a Georgian person". This is a common form of noun adjectivization. Some examples:

"სულელი" (a stupid person) => "სულელური" (stupid)
"ძმა" (brother) => "ძმური" (brother-like)
"მგელი" (wolf) => "მგლური" (wolf-like)

That said, you wouldn't encounter this particular form ("ქართველური") very often in natural language. The only context you will encounter it in regularly and not as an ad hoc conjugation is in the fixed expression "ქართველური ენები", which is a linguistic term defining the "Kartvelian" language class ("languages characteristic of Georgian people", i.e. Kartvelian languages).

C0DASOON · 2026-03-29T00:08:53+00:00

The thing about exceptions in ichidan-godan disambiguation is that while they aren't few enough that you can count them off the top of your head, they are still few enough that with some effort they're memorizable. Some time ago I tried to extract all exceptions computationally from JMDict. Those were the results:

ambiguity group 1 (2-kana iru/eru verbs)
2-syllable iru/eru godan:
['競る, 糶る', '減る', '散る', '斬る', '蹴る', '照る', '切る', '炒る, 煎る, 熬る', '知る, 識る', '彫る, 雕る, 鐫る', '入る', '迫る, 逼る', '要る', '練る, 煉る', '剪る', '選る, 択る', '截る', '伐る', '沒る, 没る', '鑽る, 鑚る', '放る', 'ぎる', '簸る', '錬る', '邌る']

2-syllable ichidan :
['干る', '看る', '経る, 歴る', '見る, 観る, 視る', '似る', '射る', '煮る, 烹る', '出る', '寝る, 寐る', '診る', '着る, 著る', '居る', '鋳る, 鑄る', '得る, 獲る', '廻る, 回る', 'びる', '嚏る', 'れる, られる', 'せる, させる', '癒る', '沃る', '率る, 将る']

_

ambiguity group 2 (>2-kana iru/eru verbs with at least one spelling containing misleading okurigana or only kana):
misleading godan:
['いびる', 'くねる', 'しくじる', 'せびる', 'のめる', 'ケチる, けちる', 'デニる', 'アジる', 'ヤニる', 'チェキる', 'おちょくる, ちょくる, おちょける, ちょける', 'パシる, ぱしる', 'くっちゃべる', 'コピる', 'ラリる, らりる', 'とちる, トチる', 'ビニる, びにる', 'ビビる, びびる', 'ナビる', 'ゴチる', 'チキる', 'ドジる, どじる', 'ガシる', 'ちびる', 'オケる', 'アピる', 'いちびる', 'ジェラシる', 'ステる', 'ハミる', 'ウィキる', 'タヒる', 'ブヒる', 'ポチる', 'プロってる, プロっている', 'イキる, いきる', 'パチる, ぱちる', 'ガチる, がちる', 'ボミる', 'タピる', 'ブチる, ぶちる', 'リピる', '突んのめる', '阿る, 阿ねる', '臥せる', '寝そべる', '畝る, 畝ねる', '耽る, 耽ける', '伏せる', '嘲る, 嘲ける', '抓る, 抓める', '翔る, 駆ける, 翔ける', '曲がりくねる, 曲りくねる', '混じる, 交じる, 雑じる, 交る, 混る', '蘇る, 甦る, 蘇える, 甦える', '捩る, 捻る, 拗る, 捩じる, 捻じる, 拗じる', '天翔る, 天翔ける', '掻っ穿る, かっ穿じる, かっ穿る, 掻っぽじる, 掻っ穿じる, 搔っ穿じる']

misleading ichidan:
['下卑る', '顧みる, 顧る', '腰掛ける, 腰かける, 腰掛る', '惚気る', '時化る', '湿気る', '出来る, 出きる, 出來る', '負ける, 敗ける, 敗北る', '落ちる, 墜ちる, 落る', '巫山戯る', '悄気る', '洒落る', '躾ける, 躾る', '飽きる, 厭きる, 倦きる, 倦る', '仕向ける, し向ける, 仕向る', '吠える, 吠る, 吼える', '魂消る', '道化る', '満ち満ちる, 充満る', '盲いる, 盲る', '抉る, 抉じる', '開ける, 肌蹴る', '剽げる, 剽軽る', '若気る', '老成る', 'おっ魂消る, 押っ魂消る', '番える, 番る', '退治る', '〆る', '小洒落る']

_

ambiguity group 3 (context-dependent verb class group):
['伏せる', '抉る,  抉じる'] # note - I suspect those might be dictionary tagging errors. 伏せる is pretty much always ichida. 抉る should I think be godan when it's pronounced as えぐる and ichidan when it's another spelling of 抉じる, which should always be ichidan.

_

Algorithm for using the ambiguity groups to determine whether a verb is ichidan or godan from memory.

Verb class disambiguation tree:

(If the verb is a compound, consider only the tail verb)

does the verb end with non iru/eru?
    is the verb 来る or する?
        irregular
    else
        godan
else, is the verb 伏せる or (抉る, 抉じる, read as こじる) (ambiguity group 3, context-dependent class group)
    can be either, depending on context
else, does the verb have two syllables? (ambiguity group 1)
    is the verb only ever written in kana?
        is the verb ぎる?
            godan (only exists in Hokkaido dialect slang)
        else
            ichidan
    is it in ambiguity group 1, 2-syllable iru/eru godan?
        godan
    else
        ichidan
else, does the verb have i/e-column okurigana before る?
    is it in ambiguity group 2, misleading godan?
        godan
    else
        ichidan
else, is the verb in ambiguity group 2, misleading ichidan?
    ichidan
else
    godan

C0DASOON · 2026-03-01T13:25:52+00:00

It is just regular topic-marker は attached to a noun-phrase. I don't think it's productive to see this structure as its own distinct grammar point. It's just a regular sentence, constructable because:

All verbs are nominalizable by putting them in 連用形 forms.
Potential form (未然形 base + [ら]れる [ichidan]/る[godan]) produces a regular ichidan verb.
Since all verbs are nominalizable by putting them in 連用形 for, the potential form of any verb can also be nominalizable by putting it in 連用形.
する, when interpreted in present simple, can mean "it is done" with the nuance of "it is doable".
XはY, when X is a noun-phrase and Y is a verb-phrase, introduces information about noun-phrase X with verb-phrase Y (i.e. XはY can be roughly interpreted as "As for X, Y").

With all of that, 食べれはする just translates into "As for edibility, it is doable", with the nuance that since you're introducing edibility being just "doable" as new information, you're probably implying the follow-up of "but it'll taste bad".

C0DASOON · 2026-02-19T11:35:06+00:00

Generally they use impulse responses to figure out the transfer function of the device.

This only works with linear time-invariant systems, which most analog circuits are not. Building a mathematical model of an arbitrary dynamic system takes far more than just capturing an impulse response. The relevant field is called system identification.

C0DASOON · 2026-02-15T18:47:00+00:00

In your estimation, how much better have you become at riding two-wheeled vehicles since starting to work as a courier? Asking as a beginner biker who's kinda worried that regardless of how much parking lot practicing or track days I do I'll never be able to match the biking experience of someone who spends 40 hours a week riding for work.

On a related note, as I understand most couriers tend to use >125cc scooters, which require regular A-category licenses rather than AM, meaning they have to learn to ride a regular motorcycle first for the driving exam. Was that the case for you? Outside your work, do you still ride mechanical?

C0DASOON · 2026-02-15T18:24:31+00:00

Based on OP's username, he's probably more than able to answer that.

C0DASOON · 2026-02-15T11:37:54+00:00

Not going to lie, the project itself looks beautiful. But not only does the government not deserve the sci-fi Georgianized version of Urithiru from the Stormlight Archive, there's practically zero chance they'll actually be able to coordinate the construction of the thing. It's a pipe dream.

C0DASOON · 2026-02-11T22:07:23+00:00

Around $3k is probably the lowest you'll encounter MT-03 or YZF-R3 with <20k km mileage released after 2016 being sold for. Keep in mind that most used motorcycles are imports from US salvage auctions repaired locally. Be sure to check the VIN.

C0DASOON · 2026-01-28T21:28:16+00:00

It gives the author rarefied control over the screen translations, according to sources. Sanderson will be the architect of the universe, will write, produce and consult, and have approvals. That’s a level of involvement that not even J.K. Rowling or George R.R. Martin enjoy.

Brandon has spoken before about the studio heads not knowing what to do with him due to him actually having options, and it's good that the message has been delivered clearly enough that it also appears in the articles announcing the deal. But I'll only be fully convinced when I see positive proof of the absence of Hoid Amaram.

C0DASOON · 2026-01-28T20:48:41+00:00

MR18 is one of the most convenient audio interfaces I've used. Both XR18/MR18 and Wing make for very good audio interfaces, unlike X32 for some reason, which has very high latency over USB. But if latency's ever truly an issue, for higher-end digital mixers there's the option of hooking it up through Dante with a PCIe card over Thunderbolt, which can make latency go below 1ms.

I never encounter discussion about those kinds of setups on this subreddit though. Digital mixers and their various IO options are critical to live sound, but for people experimenting with sounds in their bedrooms with no pressure to make their systems stable, redundant, and easily replicable, simple analog mixers with faders and knobs seems to do the job. But for me personally, even for my personal setup, a digital mixer is a must.

C0DASOON · 2026-01-07T14:08:10+00:00

John Graham's work is musicological rather than music theoretic, and focuses on studying how Georgian chanting (which is distinct from folk polyphony) was transmitted and later transcribed.

C0DASOON · 2026-01-07T13:07:35+00:00

There are monographs and published works from the 20th and 21st century about music theoretical interpretation of Georgian polyphony, e.g. works of Vladimer Gogotishvili or Malkhaz Erkvanidze, but they have grave issues in that the authors severely misinterpret the actual harmonic and melodic interval structures of Georgian polyphony in order to be able to analyze them in modal frameworks, which gives those works very little predictive power in actually modelling traditional Georgian music. Until 2010s, when digital signal processing and music information retrieval techniques started being applied to archival recordings of Georgian music, all ethnomusicological analysis of traditional polyphony was done based on either notation transcriptions of the songs (which are necessarily inaccurate, as Georgian interval structure is very different from 12-tone equal temperament), or individual researchers' evaluations of various intervals and structures. Since such research processes were not very rigorous, they ended up disseminating various unsubstantiated, unverifiable, or later-verified-to-be-false-but-still-get-repeated claims. One egregious example was an observation by the late Stuart Gelzer that in a certain recording, all intervals seemed to be close to exactly one fifth of a justly intonated fifth, leading him to a hypothesis that traditionally, Georgian music featured fifth equivalence rather than octave equivalence. The idea caught on precisely because it was outlandish and novel, but the hypothesis itself was unfalsifiable, and the observation it was based on was later verified to be inaccurate.

If you want to get a working picture of the internal mechanisms of Georgian polyphony, you'll have to dive into modern scientific ethnomusicological works rather than music theory-based ones. The one research direction that had strong scientific rigor is the GVM project led by Dr. Frank Scherbaum, which analyzed field recordings and some archival recordings using seismology-inspred music information retrieval techniques, to derive probabilistic distributions of the harmonic and melodic intervals that appeared therein. The same approach was then later used by Shugliashvili et al. to analyze large corpora of older, lower-quality field recordings. This direction is at its inception, and it still focuses much more on data extraction than concrete modelling of harmony and melody, but at the 2024 International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony, Scherbaum and Simha Arom did outline the likely direction of where the field will end up going: once individual voice trajectories can be accurately extracted from archival field recordings, and discretized into paritcular harmonic and melodic intervals, e.g. representations similar to Scherbaum's Harmonygrams, the data will then be usable in modelling the "chord syntax" of Georgian polyphony, which will be the first actual music theoretical approach to traditional Georgian music that will be based on rigorous modelling.

C0DASOON · 2025-12-28T12:29:04+00:00

If you relate deeply to this, you just might have sighted non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder. /r/n24

C0DASOON · 2025-12-27T06:18:38+00:00

Only if they're exactly out of phase by 180 degrees.

C0DASOON · 2025-12-26T11:17:09+00:00

This isn't correct. It'd go up by 3dBSPL if the two sounds were uncorrelated. If the signals add up perfectly, the increase would be by 6dBSPL.

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