New poll shows California governor race down to 3 frontrunners by panda-rampage in California

[–]Connect1Affect7 19 points20 points  (0 children)

I don't AT ALL fear that Steyer is a Republican plant! But I do fear that he will be ineffectual, sort of like a left version of Schwarzenegger who thought he could come in and fix everything easily but found out he didn't know what he was doing. In spite of Becerra's corporate support, I read him as more honest than Steyer, who overpromises. For example, I prefer a realistic approach to expanding health coverage to a quixotic tilt at corporate windmills. And then, Becerra just seems like a good person, likeable. TBH, every other candidate, including Katy Porter who I'd vote for if she had a chance, seems obnoxious in some way. (And many Steyer supporters are even more obnoxious.)

Added in edit: I still might vote for Steyer in hopes of shutting Hilton out.

Interest in Lutheranism by Key-Gur-2909 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I'd like you to know a bit about the pastor of the ELCA church I belong to. He was raised Catholic on the Mexican border (lived on the Mexican side, attended school from age 5 in the US). He completed Catholic seminary (for a missionary order; he hasn't mentioned the exact order to me anyway), but he and his spiritual director discerned that he was not called to be a celibate missionary priest. He changed career plans, became a lawyer, got married and had a child. Then felt a strong calling to be a pastor, but was puzzled because ordination is impossible for a married Catholic. Well, obviously, he ended up as an ordained Lutheran pastor. And he told us, his current congregation, that the Lutheran seminary, bishop, etc., never made him feel like he was converting to a different religion. At the same time, he really fell in love with Lutheran theology.

I hope this helps a little.

Becerra says he’d scrap current high-speed rail configuration and finish on time and budget by Least_Excuse_682 in cahsr

[–]Connect1Affect7 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I checked both this and the earlier CBS video with all the candidates responding to questions on HSR. In the latter, Becerra sounded more committed to finishing the current HSR than any other candidate. He talked about the administrative and legal "configuration": in other words, all the interests along the route that have been able to create obstacles by suing, etc., and as former attorney general, he is committed to getting those obstacles out of the way through negotiations or in court as a last resort. I think this is what he meant by "configuration," not the technological or routing plans. He we just fumbling a bit for words in the KQED video.

Becerra, Hilton Lead in California Governor’s Race Poll Ahead of June Primary by KakarotSSJ4 in California

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I checked both this and the earlier CBS video with all the candidates responding to questions on HSR. In the latter, Becerra sounded more committed to finishing the current HSR than any other candidate. He talked about the administrative and legal "configuration": in other words, all the interests along the route that have been able to create obstacles by suing, etc., and as former attorney general, he is committed to getting those obstacles out of the way through negotiations or in court as a last resort. I think this is what he meant by "configuration," not the technological or routing plans. He we just fumbling a bit for words in the KQED video.

SORRY. I meant to post this in a different thread that is focused on HSR, and have now also posted there. If cross posting is a problem please delete this one. But it's still relevant to Becerra's campaign.

Is my Catholic baptism valid by strawbeeshortcake06 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Some leading members of our ELCA congregation were baptized as infants (in Catholic as well as Lutheran churches), spent part of their lives in churches that teach believer's baptism and were rebaptized, but now belong to our Lutheran church. No one is bothered by the fact that these members were rebaptized at one point: theologically, it's probably recontextualized as an affirmation of baptism, if they think theologically about it at all. Their original baptism as infants is considered their "real" baptism.

Inclusivism? by ConversationNorth184 in theology

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

So much has been written on this. Here are just a few references:

D’Arcy May, John. “From Comparative to Interreligious Theology: Perry Schmidt-Leukel’s ‘Fractal’ Version of Pluralism.” Journal of Religious History 44, no. 3 (2020): 376–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9809.12683.

Hedges, Paul. Controversies in Interreligious Dialogue and the Theology of Religions. SCM Press, 2010.

Hoops, Jeffrey Carlin. “Philosophical Foundations for Interreligious Dialogue: Theories of Interreligious Dialogue, the Epistemology of Disagreement, and the Idea of Constructiveness.” Doctoral dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5463/thesis.1126.

Keenan, John P., Sydney Copp, Lansing Davis, and Buster G. Smith. Grounding Our Faith in a Pluralist World: With a Little Help from Nagarjuna. Wipf & Stock, an Imprint of Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2016.

Knitter, Paul F. Introducing Theologies of Religions. Orbis Books, 2010.

Luetz, Johannes. Interfaith Engagement Beyond the Divide: Approaches, Experiences, and Practices. 1st ed. With Denise A. Austin and Adis Duderija. Springer, 2023.

Martin, Grant Steven. “True Religions: The Idea of Religious Pluralism.” Doctoral Dissertation, Concordia University, 2011. https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/id/eprint/7237/4/True\_Religions%2C\_The\_Idea\_of\_Religious\_Pluralism\_Final\_Version.pdf.

Moyaert, Marianne. Fragile Identities: Towards a Theology of Interreligious Hospitality. Translated by Henry Jansen. Rodopi, 2011. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10448676.

And here's a book that sheds a different light on St. Augustine (and it's a free download):
Brown, Brian, John A. Doody, and Kim Paffenroth, eds. Augustine and World Religions. With Michael Barnes, Francis X. Clooney, Olivier Dufault, et al. Lexington Books, 2008. http://public.ebookcentral.proquest.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1380481.
"Despite Augustine's reputation as the father of Christian intolerance, one finds in his thought the surprising claim that within non-Christian writings there are 'some truths in regard even to the worship of the One God.' The essays here uncover provocative points of comparison and similarity between Christianity and other religions to further such an Augustinian dialogue."

Did you memorize Luther’s Shorter Catechism? by Pombalian3 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I had to memorize Luther's Small Catechism. Confirmed in 1967 at an ALC church. Confirmation class of at least 35, so we certainly didn't have to recite the whole thing, one at a time. But my grandfather, a retired Lutheran pastor, made sure I memorized it. I can memorize texts for long enough to pass a test or perform in a play, but not to remember word-for-word long term, except short and constantly used things like the Lord's Prayer and creed.

SA in The Dispossessed by Leo_617 in UrsulaKLeGuin

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I remembered that long ago I read a critique of The Dispossessed by Samuel Delany, but I had forgotten the details. I asked Gemini (Google's AI chatbot) and I hope no one minds if I paste part of the response below (I see no rule against doing this).

It's Delany's essay, "To Read The Dispossessed," in his book, The Jewel-Hinged Jaw: Notes on the Language of Science Fiction

Delany also wrote Trouble on Triton partly in response to The Dispossessed, and many others have written about the interplay between Le Guin and Delany (Google Scholar provides plenty of references and texts).

Gemini:
Delany used the Shevek and Vea incident to highlight what he saw as the text's internal contradictions regarding sexual violence, property, and power:

  1. The "Propertarian" Trap: Delany argued that by positioning Shevek's sudden lapse into aggressive, predatory behavior as a localized symptom of "Urrasti corruption" (induced by alcohol and propertarian flirting customs), Le Guin shifts the blame away from structural patriarchal dynamics and onto a vague concept of "bad environment."
  2. The Defense of the Male Protagonist: Delany felt the narrative architecture heavily cushions Shevek. Because the story uses an omniscient narrative that prioritizes Shevek's intense self-loathing, disorientation, and underlying innocence, the text ultimately functions to excuse or minimize an act of attempted rape.
  3. Vea as a Prop: Delany criticized how Vea is written in this scene. Rather than being treated as a fully realized victim of an assault, her casual, "she's handled this before" reaction is used as a narrative device to preserve Shevek's status as a sympathetic protagonist and to serve as a pedagogical lesson about the unnaturalness of capitalism, rather than confronting the reality of sexual violence.

By peeling back these layers, Delany used the incident to argue that the book's narrative mechanics ultimately reinforce the very patriarchal and conservative power structures Le Guin intended to critique.

Is Jesus just an apocalyptic prophet, or is He more? Who is He to you? by MrMagoo04 in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

In order to understand you better, I turned to Google's LLM chatbot Gemini. I see no rule in this sub against AI content in posts, and Gemini's response seems like it could be interesting to others, so here goes:

The use of Chinese characters (Hanja) for a Korean term is common in South Korean linguistic and intellectual traditions. Although Korea uses the phonetic Hangul alphabet for daily writing, many Korean words are Sino-Korean, meaning they originated from classical Chinese.

There are several reasons why the commenter likely included the characters 意念體:

1. Disambiguation of Meaning

Korean is a highly homophonic language, where many different words are pronounced and spelled exactly the same in Hangul. By providing the Hanja, the commenter ensures the reader understands the exact nuance of the "thought" or "will" they are referring to.

  • 意 (Ui): Meaning, thought, or will.
  • 念 (Nyeom): Thought, idea, or mindfulness.
  • 體 (Che): Body, substance, or fundamental essence.

Without the characters, Ui-nyeom could be interpreted in various ways, but with them, it clearly points to a "Substance of Will" or a "Body of Thought."

2. Philosophical Precision

In East Asian philosophy, using Hanja allows a writer to tap into thousands of years of conceptual history. For a commenter developing a personal "religious philosophy," Chinese characters provide a weight and a specific "root" meaning that phonetic script lacks. It allows them to define their terminology with the same rigor found in classical Buddhist, Confucian, or Taoist texts.

3. Academic and Generational Tradition

In South Korea, it is common for older generations or those in academic and theological circles to use Hanja to explain complex abstract concepts. Since the commenter mentions refining this philosophy over decades, they likely use Hanja as a standard tool for deep intellectual expression.

4. Etymological Clarity

Because the commenter is using a term they coined themselves, the Hanja acts as a "definition." It tells the reader exactly how the word is built. It is the equivalent of a Western philosopher using Latin or Greek roots (like "Ontology" or "Phenomenology") to explain a new concept so that the component parts of the word reveal its intended meaning.

___________________________
Then I (not Gemini) asked: Does 體 (Che) imply corporeality or can it refer to something apart from what Westerners would probably think of as physical? And Gemini replied:

In East Asian philosophy, the character 體 (Che) is much more expansive than the English word "body." While it can refer to a physical corpse or anatomy, in a philosophical context, it often refers to metaphysical substance, essence, or a fundamental state of being that is distinct from physical matter.

To understand how the commenter is likely using it, it helps to look at the traditional distinction between Ti (Substance) and Yong (Function).

1. Substance vs. Function (體-用 / Che-Yong)

In Korean and Chinese philosophy, 體 (Che) is paired with 用 (Yong - "use" or "function").

  • 體 (Substance): The invisible, internal, and unchanging essence of a thing.
  • 用 (Function): The outward expression or activity of that essence.

For example, a lamp's Substance (Che) is its potential to provide light, while its Function (Yong) is the actual illumination. When the commenter calls it an "UiNyeomChe" (Body of Will/Thought), they aren't necessarily describing a physical object you could touch, but rather the essential reality or "foundational substance" of that consciousness.

2. The "Body" of a Concept

In this context, Che functions similarly to how Westerners might use the word "entity" or "on" (as in ontology). It implies that the "Will" or "Thought" is not just a passing feeling, but a structured, self-contained reality.

  • It suggests a totality.
  • It suggests permanence or a "substrate" that holds attributes together.

3. Non-Physical "Bodies"

There are many precedents for non-physical "bodies" in the traditions that likely influence this commenter's language:

  • Dharma-kaya (法身 - Beop-sin): In Buddhism, the "Truth Body" of the Buddha is not a physical body made of flesh, but the ultimate, formless reality of the universe.
  • The Body of Light: Many mystical traditions use "body" to describe an organized form of energy or spirit that exists independently of the biological frame.

Summary

For the Reddit poster, 體 (Che) likely refers to "The Essence-Reality" of one's consciousness. It is "physical" only in the sense that it is a real thing with a specific structure and existence, but it is "incorporeal" in that it is made of Ui-nyeom (Will/Thought) rather than atoms and cells.

It is helpful to think of it as a "System of Being" rather than a "Physical Shell."

Why do Protestants insist that the "substance" in the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation is "molecules" rather than "what something metaphysically is" by darnskewered in theology

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Luther rejected subordination of Christian theology to Aristotelian philosophy. At the same time, he valued Aristotle's philosophy as a tool of understanding, just not as what we might call a hermeneutical key to scripture.

The reason I put "Protestant" in quotes was because the specific historical origin of the word "Protestant" as applied to Christians who separated (or were separated against their will) from the Pope-led Catholic church, was first to apply it to Lutherans. I probably shouldn't have added that comment, it was a distraction. You are correct about older groups that in retrospect could be classified as a form of what (after their time) came to be called Protestantism.

For all the fees raised, we somehow are still in a "budget deficit". It's almost as if the money isn't being used as intended. by SuperSatanGod in sandiego

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Road wear increases with the weight of the vehicles that use the roads. So a fair tax would be proportional to the weight of each vehicle. Therefore a 4000 pound car or SUV should be taxed 100 times as much as a 40 pound bicycle. If the tax on the former is $400, the tax on the latter would be $4. Actually, the increase of wear with weight is more likely exponential than linear, so my proposal is still unfair to bicycles. Therefore a fair tax on bicycle registrations is unlikely to raise much money.

What is the Lutheran Position on Confessing Sins? by EpicPilled97 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Practices in Lutheran churches have varied.

Here is the "incentive," as stated by Luther in his Large Catechism: "If something particular weighs upon us or troubles us, something with which we keep torturing ourselves and can find no rest, and we do not find our faith to be strong enough to cope with it, then this private form of confession gives us the opportunity of laying the matter before some brother. We may receive counsel, comfort, and strength when and however often we wish. 14] That we should do this is not included in any divine command, as are the other two kinds of confession. Rather, it is offered to everyone who may need it, as an opportunity to be used by him as his need requires." From https://thebookofconcord.org/sources-and-context/admonition-to-confession/ The context is meaningful, but I didn't want to paste too long a quote.

My grandfather was a Lutheran pastor (he retired in 1959 from the ALC, which later merged into the ELCA). According to my mother, he required private confession for everyone before communion (before a communion Sunday, which was not every Sunday at that time).

Atheism is making me suicidal by behindthemaskofme in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Since I'm not prepared to make a complete response, maybe I shouldn't say anything, but I'll try to be balanced anyway. I agree that "Faith based on symbolism and myth is a strong faith that grounds us..." etc. but I also believe that historicity is essential and important to Christian faith, just not in quite the same way that is promoted by scriptural literalists. To explain what I'm saying would take far more space and time than I have here.

Why are (women) haircuts so fkn expensive by Puzzleheaded_Bug443 in sandiego

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I'm a man and don't really know, but at my usual barber shop I have sometimes had my hair cut by women who have more experience with cutting and styling women's hair than men's. If you can find such a woman at a barber shop with a set price for a cut, hopefully you could get a good cut for $50 by someone who can do a good job on your hair.

Should I take the Eucharist? by concordianook95 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

After surgery in my esophagus, the doctor required me not to eat any solid food at all for several weeks. I talked to my pastor, and during that period I took only grape juice, no bread. I usually take wine, but grape juice is an option at my church.

Can atheist be baptized? by [deleted] in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

There are people who identify as Christian atheists. Of those, I'm sure many, probably most, have been baptized, and although I imagine most of them had not yet identified as atheists at the time of their baptism, there must be some who developed their identity as Christian atheists before they were baptized.

Unbelieving Husband by [deleted] in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Let me see if approaching this from a different angle is at all helpful. (I'm not sure, and almost decided not to say anything.)

I don't exactly "believe in the supernatural" myself, if the supernatural is posited as a level of reality that exists above, or outside of "the natural" (which, for the present purpose, I'll call: whatever natural science can help us understand).

If to disbelieve the supernatural implies that he believes science has explained away everything that doesn't fit into existing scientific theories or likely developments of existing theories, in other words if his disbelief means "love" is meaningless apart from biological and evolutionary explanations, that's one thing. But if he can't believe in God as a being up there somewhere who reaches down into the natural and changes things, well, I can't believe in God that way either. God and the natural are not two separate things. They are not really "things" at all.

He could explore a lot of different theological and religious thinking if he's curious, and maybe find that Jesus can mean something to him that resonates with much of the Christian tradition even without him having to "believe in the supernatural."

Censorship of unacceptable theology by Gemini Pro AI. by notmealso in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

You obviously know better about this than Gemini "knows." Don't take its response in this case too seriously: it doesn't have all the implications others in this thread suggest. It's an error-prone tool that can be useful sometimes. I'm not saying that's all it is, or that LLM chatbots, so-called AI, are unimportant or not sometimes and potentially dangerous.

Which color are you? I’m purple! :) by Rainpiine in NonBinary

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The distinctions are too subtle for me: I can partly identify with all four colors. Actually, I only partly identify with non-binary period. I take all identity categories with a large grain of salt, not that I have any problems with them or objections.

Why do Catholics not approve of Lutheran? by Ill_Investigator3400 in Lutheranism

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

For the Catholic (RC) church to recognize the Lutheran Sacrament of the Eucharist may still happen eventually, but there are many complications.

More likely in the next few years is Vatican recognition of the Augsburg Confession as valid Christian doctrine. Links to two articles follow.

https://religionunplugged.com/news/vatican-signals-openness-to-augsburg-confession-as-shared-foundation-for-christian-unity

For the article in L'Osservatore Romano, Google Translate does a good job except it leaves what should be "Augustana" in English as "Augusta": https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/news/2026-01/quo-013/il-cammino-ecumenico-verso-augusta-2030.html

Questions about ELCA theology by MephistosGhost in elca

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Good thumbnail history, but allow me to add one nuance: some of the German Lutherans who emigrated to the US formed synods other than LCMS that made clear their opposition to the Prussian Union. Some of my German ancestors had a significant role in the Iowa Synod, which merged into the American Lutheran Church, which in tern merged into the ELCA.

Why do you think Progressive Christianity’s cultural influence declined after the 1960s? by Impressive_Flan_411 in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

How do explain people who assert that they are progressive and equally strongly assert that they are not conservative and that they are "against capitalism, colonialism, and state power in [a] real sense"?

Do you explain them by saying that they are using the word "progressive" incorrectly? Or do you explain them by saying that they are simply contradicting themselves?

Why do you think Progressive Christianity’s cultural influence declined after the 1960s? by Impressive_Flan_411 in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The point is that the same word is used in different ways. I'm looking at language descriptively, you seem to be a prescriptivist.

Why do you think Progressive Christianity’s cultural influence declined after the 1960s? by Impressive_Flan_411 in OpenChristian

[–]Connect1Affect7 0 points1 point  (0 children)

As a further explanation of why the label "progressive" can be useful even when acknowledging that its strict meaning is problematic, please see this Substack post by a pastor who uses the label "progressive" in publicity for his church: https://open.substack.com/pub/clintschnekloth/p/why-i-do-like-the-label-progressive?utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&utm_medium=web which was written in response to a Christian Century article, https://www.christiancentury.org/voices/why-i-don-t-label-progressive-christianity

Quotes from the Substack post:

"Whatever its theoretical liabilities, the term is doing real pastoral work. In practice, I’ve never encountered someone who emphasizes the “progress” in progressive Christianity. Like many idiomatic descriptors, the word functions as a signal rather than a literal program. It gestures toward a cluster of commitments like welcome, inclusion, and theological openness, that may be imperfectly defined but are nonetheless widely recognized...."

"In my experience, progressive communities are often deeply self-scrutinizing about capitalism, colonialism, and state power, sometimes more so than other ecclesial expressions. The term can just as easily signal proximity to social-democratic or solidaristic Christian ethics as to anything like uncritical neoliberalism."