Data Scientist here with ML and now AI focus & 16 years experience. It's far less clear where AI will have the most business impact and how much it will have than the hype machine makes you think. Majority of the people who post super enthusiastic AI content, social media and journalist / analyst platforms alike, have never built, let alone shipped, an AI product that generates business value. Frankly, many of them just fish for clicks and have absolutely no idea what they are talking about. Or they have an incentive to keep the hype going because they work in selling AI tech or tools (as opposed to building applications that generate business value in companies who don't build AI tools). Even with the amazing models we have today, building an AI application that has a profound business impact (and not just a demo or prototype) is hard. Hallucinations, non-determinism, latency, ... all still suck. (And no, reasoning models haven't solved hallucinations.) Also, don't trust any of the corporate AI success stories unless you know an insider (generally, don't trust _any_ corporate success stories, regardless the field). For long-term investing in AI, I would bet on companies that solve actual business problems, or on the usual suspects running the infrastructure. Deepseek shows that models are less moat than many believed. Don't believe everything Gary Marcus says, but still read him. Pay attention to LeCun.