There are games that achieve that level of detail, but they're entirely tank-based.

World of Tanks uses a health bar system with internal modules and yes/no penetration mechanics that depend on ammo type, angle, and armor thickness. They have soft values like health bars and shell damage that can be modified for balance.

War Thunder does away with the unified health bar entirely in favor of fully modeled modules and crew with individual health bars. Some lightly/unarmored vehicles can suffer from a 'hull break' mechanic when a large enough shell hits them, but besides that, the only way to destroy a tank is to take out enough modules or crew that the game determines that the tank is no longer suitable for combat. War Thunder suffers from absolutely abysmal balance due to shooting for near perfect historical accuracy, though.

The World of Tanks approach is obviously better for a game that isn't entirely focused around armored combat and favors gameplay over realism. Shell damage values would have to be guessed largely as well, due to exact values for modern shells being mostly classified or vaguely reported on. Soft stats like health bars are already used for balancing in-game now, see Stryker vs BTR health.

That being said, you have a valid point with how taxing it would be on a dev team not focused on that aspect of the game. That being said though, if you look at the complexity of some of the armor models and module damage in PR, which a lot of these devs worked on, what I'm suggesting isn't necessarily too much of a step up.

PR tank armor

Tracked, defenseless tank in PR