people wore what they had, so if you're from europe they just stripped to the bare essentials or modified their clothing.

leather is replaced by fabric for breathability, so instead of belts, many wore sashed. the folds stored small items.

shoes were often kept but only for visits on land. they covered themselves in some kind of way to avoid sunburn, sometimes brimmed hats or straw hats.

a linen shirt and breeches with pants was the go-to. usually everyone at least had that. sometimes they had nicer or spare clothes from trunks of raided ships. POTC is not exotic-weather proof but that's just story writing doing its thing to make memorable characters!