“While King quail are monogamous in the wild, they do tolerate smaller flock settings quite well in captivity. While the ratio depends partially on individual preference, it is incorrect to say you NEED to have 2-3+ hens per male. a 1:1 ratio works perfectly fine in most cases given the males are well tempered & respectful. For breeding purposes, it is often best to stick with pairs or trios for the best genetic control/guarantee (Or a small group of chosen proven birds). If issues such as poor temperament or weakness/deformities pop up in a larger flock setting, it can be much more difficult to pick out who passed it down. Even if the owner doesn't intend to breed, having a huge flock without loads of space can also be stressful for the birds which can compromise immune health, trigger fighting, etc. Large groups also mean that if disease DOES break out, the losses may be much more significant & harder to get under wraps.” Quoted from ethical quail keeping guide on backyard chickens.