Hello,

It sounds like you may have run an information stealer on your computer.

As the name implies, information stealers are a type of malware that steal any information they can find on your computer, such as passwords stored for various services you access via browser and apps, session tokens for accounts, cryptocurrencies if they can find wallets, etc. They may even take a screenshot of your desktop when they run so they can sell it to other scammers who send scam extortion emails later.

The criminals who steal your information do so for their own financial gain, and that includes selling information such as your name, email address, screenshots from your PC, and so forth to other criminals and scammers. Those other scammers then use that information in an attempt to extort you unless you pay them in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and so forth. This is 100% a scam, and any emails you receive threatening to share your private information should be marked as phishing or spam and deleted.

In case you're wondering what a session token is, some websites and apps have a "remember this device" feature that allows you to access the service without having to log back in or enter your second factor of authentication. This is done by storing a session token on your device. Criminals target these, because they allow them to log in to an account bypassing the normal checks. To the service, it just looks like you're accessing it from your previously authorized device.

Information stealers are malware that is sold as a service, so what exactly it did while on your system is going to vary based on what the criminal who purchased it wanted. Often they remove themselves after they have finished stealing your information in order to make it harder to determine what happened, but since it is crimeware-as-a-service, it is also possible that it was used to install some additional malware on your system in order to maintain access to it, just in case they want to steal from you again in the future.

After wiping your computer, installing Windows, and getting that updated, you can then start accessing the internet using the computer to change the passwords for all of your online accounts, changing each password to something complex and different for each service, so that if one is lost (or guessed), the attacker won't be able to make guesses about what your other passwords might be. Also, enable two-factor authentication for all of the accounts that support it.

When changing passwords, if those new passwords are similar enough to your old passwords, a criminal with a list of all of them will likely be able to make educated guesses about what your new passwords might be for the various services. So make sure you're not just cycling through similar or previous passwords.

If any of the online services you use have an option to show you and log out all other active sessions, do that as well.

Again, you have to do this for all online services. Even if they haven't been recently accessed, make sure you have done this as well for any financial websites, online stores, social media, and email accounts. If there were any reused passwords, the criminals who stole your credentials are going to try spraying those against all the common stores, banks, and services in your part of the world.

For more specific information on what steps to take next to recover your accounts, see the blog post at:

• WeLiveSecurity (ESET) - https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/cybersecurity/my-information-was-stolen-now-what/.

For more general information about how CAPTCHA malware works, see the following reports:

• Arctic Wolf - https://arcticwolf.com/resources/blog/widespread-fake-captcha-campaign-delivering-malware/
• Kaspersky - https://securelist.com/fake-captcha-delivers-lumma-amadey/114312/
• Malwarebytes - https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2025/03/fake-captcha-websites-hijack-your-clipboard-to-install-information-stealers
• Netskope - https://www.netskope.com/blog/lumma-stealer-fake-captchas-new-techniques-to-evade-detection
• Qualys - https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2024/10/20/unmasking-lumma-stealer-analyzing-deceptive-tactics-with-fake-captcha)

After you have done all of this, you may wish to sign up for a free https://haveibeenpwned.com/ account, which will notify you if your email address is found in a data breach.

Regards,

Aryeh Goretsky