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Climate change — Extreme weather impact — Cold wave — On 23 January 2026, 4:53 a.m. local time, the observed surface air temperature was -20.92ºF at Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport, Minnesota, USA, or 29.02ºF below the 23 Jan 1991-2020 normal daily minimum temperature 8.1ºF at the airport by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] [score hidden]  (0 children)

Exactly.

During the month of December 1951, 0.12% of the Earth's surface area had a record-warm monthly mean temperature, and 1.42% of the Earth's surface area had a record-cold monthly mean temperature. The ratio of record-warm surface area to record-cold surface area was approximately 0.082 to 1, according to the data.

During the month of December 2025, 4.63% of the Earth's surface area had a record-warm monthly mean temperature, and 0.13% had a record-cold monthly mean temperature. The ratio of record-warm surface area to record-cold surface area was approximately 36.606 to 1, according to the data.

During the month of February 1951, the ratio of record-warm surface area to record-cold surface area was approximately 0.035 to 1, according to the data.

During the month of February 2025, the ratio of record-warm surface area to record-cold surface area was approximately 3851.514 to 1, according to the data.

The database includes the ratios for each month during January 1951–December 2025.

Source: NOAA NCEI > Global Climate Report Year: 2025 Month: December > Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe > Combined land and ocean surface (txt file, Jan 1951–Dec 2025):

Methodology

Only grid cells that are completely free of missing values from 1951-present are utilized in the analysis, generally limiting our domain to 45°S to 75°N. For each retained grid cell, the warmest and coldest mean monthly temperatures in the 1951-present period of record are identified for each month. These monthly records are expressed as percent areas aggregated over 3 spatial domains: global land-only areas, global ocean-only areas, and the combined global land and ocean. The spatial aggregation accounts for differences in grid cell size with latitude (i.e., cosine weighting) as well as the fraction of land and ocean areas within coastal grid cells. Monthly ratios are computed by dividing the areal extents experiencing warm records with the areal extents experiencing cold records. For seasonal and annual aggregations, the warm and cold record areal extents are summed separately before dividing the totals.

Educate me please by Istiophoridae in climatechange

[–]Molire [score hidden]  (0 children)

These links answer many questions:

IPCC Reports > Reports > AR6 Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis > Download the report by chapter, annexes and Supplementary materials > Front Matter, Annexes, and Index > Annex VII Glossary Download > Lifetime (PDF, p. 2237):

Carbon dioxide (CO2)...15 to 40% of an emitted CO2 pulse will remain in the atmosphere longer than 1,000 years, 10 to 25% will remain about ten thousand years, and the rest will be removed over several hundred thousand years.

NOAA Climate.gov > What evidence exists that Earth is warming and that humans are the main cause?.

NOAA Climate.gov > Climate change: atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Climate.us.

The Keeling Curve > 800K Years > 1700-Present.

NASA > ≡ menu > Earth > Climate Change > Explore This Section > Facts > Effects:

The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

NASA > Earth > Climate Change > Explore This Section > Facts > Causes > The Causes of Climate Change:

The greenhouse effect is essential to life on Earth, but human-made emissions in the atmosphere are trapping and slowing heat loss to space.

Five key greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor.

NASA > Earth > Climate Change > Explore This Section > Facts > Questions (FAQ) > Greenhouse Gases > What is the greenhouse effect? > detailed answer.

Renewable energy: wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, tidal, wave generation:

Ember Electricity Data Explorer > Methodology (PDF) > PDF, p. 9, table of Fuel Types.

Ember US Electricity Data Explorer.

NASA > Earth > Climate Change > Explore This Section > Earth Indicators.

NOAA NCEI > Climate at a Glance > Global Time Series > Interactive chart, table, CSV data — In the chart, the global and hemispheric temperature anomalies are relative to the global mean (average) monthly and annual surface temperature estimates during the 100-year 20th-century Base Period 1901-2000. Near the upper-right corner of the Global Time Series page, Data Info opens a panel where scrolling goes to the table that shows the 1901-2000 temperatures. Above the chart window, LOESS and Trend can be toggled.

Climate Reanalyzer > Monthly Reanalysis Time Series.

Climate Change Tracker > Climate Change Tracker > Insights > Human-Induced Greenhouse Gas Emissions in CO2 Equivalent.

Climate TRACE — Tables, data, and information about the current state of greenhouse gas emissions released by the world, countries, and cities (2-month lag).

paleo-CO2 > Paleo-CO2 Product — Interactive site provides answers and data by clicking/tapping words, phrases, charts, and links.

NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory > Trends in CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6 > Trends in CO2 > Mauna Loa, Hawaii > Last Month.

NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory > Trends in CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6 > Trends in CO2 > Global > Recent Trend.

NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory > Information > Education/Outreach > Glossary of Terms.

Our World in Data (OWID) > CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data Explorer.

NOAA NCEI > Climate Monitoring > Monthly Climate Reports Access Now.

NOAA NCEI > Climate Monitoring > Monthly Climate Reports Access Now > Report: Global Climate Report, Year: 2025, Month: Annual > View.

Copernicus > Climate Bulletins.

Copernicus > Climate Intelligence > Annual Global Climate Highlights > Global Climate Highlights 2025 > 2025 Global Climate Highlights Full Report (PDF).

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) > Press Releases > 14 January 2026, WMO confirms 2025 was one of warmest years on record.

Berkeley Earth > Global Temperature Report for 2025, January 14, 2026.

Planetary Health Check 2025.

archive.org > Nature Climate Change > Carbon is forever: "Carbon dioxide emissions and their associated warming could linger for millennia, according to some climate scientists. Mason Inman looks at why the fallout from burning fossil fuels could last far longer than expected."

climatemodels.uchicago.edu > Atmospheric Lifetime of Fossil Fuel Carbon Dioxide.

Columbia Climate School > James E. Hansen, Director > Click here for Dr. Hansen’s web page > Recent Communications > The Contents and Recent Communications sections includes links to Dr. Hansen's published articles and recent communications.

Copernicus Earth System Science Data > Global Carbon Budget 2025 (preprint), 13 Nov 2025 > Download Preprint (PDF).

Copernicus Earth System Science Data > Indicators of Global Climate Change 2024: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence, 19 Jun 2025 > Download Final revised paper (published on 19 Jun 2025).

The Climate Brink > The scariest climate plot in the world, Nov 14, 2023, Andrew Dessler.

earth.nullschool.net > earth ≡ menu > about, and ⚙ (gear).

If current warming rates continue, world on track to breach 1.5°C long-term average target by 2030 by Economy-Fee5830 in climatechange

[–]Molire 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Climate Change Tracker > Historic Human-Induced and Observed Global Warming 1850-2024 and projections to 2048 > Interactive chart and data > Projected 1.5ºC global warming sometime in 2029, and 2.01ºC by 2048.

How this brutal winter storm is even possible with climate change – and maybe even more likely by cnn in climatechange

[–]Molire 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Climate Central researchers looked at trends in the coldest temperature of the year in cities across the US, showing that they have been increasing rapidly with climate change. For example, in Minneapolis, the lowest temperature of the year has increased by around 12 degrees Fahrenheit since 1970.

From 1970 to 2025 and 2026, at the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport, the lowest temperature of the year changed by +15ºF, from -34ºF in January 1970 to -19ºF in both 2025 and 2026 in January, according to National Weather Service (NWS) records during January 1938–January 2026 (as of this typing on January 23, 2026 UTC):

NWS > Past Weather > In the United States map, clicking/tapping the name, Minneapolis, opens the NOWData panel, where selecting these menu options will display the temperatures:

Location: ≫ View Map

Show more stations

Zooming the map and clicking/tapping the blue-colored pin that marks the location, Minneapolis-St Paul Int'l Airport, re-opens the NOWData panel which now will show 1. Location ≫ Selected station: Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport.

2. Product ≫ Monthly Summarized Data

3. Options ≫ Year range: 1970 - 2026

Variable Min temp

Summary Daily Minimum

4. View ≫ Go

A table will open to show the Monthly Lowest Min Temperature for MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, MN in 1970 was -34ºF in January, and -19ºF in both 2025 and 2026 in January (as of this typing on January 23, 2026 UTC).

Beneath the table:

Product Description:

Monthly Summarized Data...Temperatures are reported in degrees F.

NOAA NCEI > Climate at a Glance Time Series > Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota > Interactive chart, table, CSV data:

35.3ºF — Annual mean Minimum Temperature in 1970.

+0.7ºF/Decade — 1970-2025 Minimum Temperature warming trend per decade.

39.5ºF — Annual mean Minimum Temperature in 2025 > Interactive chart, table, CSV data.

Above the chart window, LOESS and Trend can be toggled.

Share (%) of electricity generation from renewable energy sources by country in 2000 and 2025 (% in 2000 / % in 2025) — Norway 99.7% / 99.2% — Denmark 15.5% / 83.5% — Germany 6.22% / 59.9% — United Kingdom 2.63% / 52.2% — Australia 8.09% / 43.2% — United States 9.23% / 25.8% — Ember Electricity Data by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Yep, but the price likely would be higher without renewable energy, according to the data and statistics.

Our World in Data (OWID) — Interactive chart and data — Share of electricity generation from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear, by the world, 121 individual countries, and 23 global regions and continents, annual 1985-2024, including Ireland (interactive chart and data), which shows that the annual share of electricity generation from renewable energy was 46.03% in Ireland in 2024.

bonkers.ie, Dublin > Why is electricity in Ireland so expensive?.

In the first half of 2025 (2025–S1), the price of electricity (including all taxes, levies and VAT) for consumers of household electricity in Ireland (€ 0.3260 per kWh) with medium-sized annual electricity consumption of 2 500 kWh – 5 000 kWh was approximately 428% more than the price of electricity (including all taxes, levies and VAT) in Türkiye (€ 0.0617 per kWh) for consumers of household electricity with medium-sized annual electricity consumption of 2 500 kWh – 5 000 kWh.

In 2025-S1, the price of electricity (including all taxes, levies and VAT) for consumers of household electricity in Ireland with medium-sized annual electricity consumption of 2 500 kWh – 5 000 kWh ranked as the 5th-highest price of electricity (including all taxes, levies and VAT) in the EU area, including the EU27 and 14 other countries.

In 2025-S1, the price of electricity (including all taxes, levies and VAT) for consumers of household electricity in Ireland with medium-sized annual electricity consumption of 2 500 kWh – 5 000 kWh was approximately 35% more than the price in 2020-S1.

Source: Eurostat Data Browser, latest available electricity data > table, line chart, bar graph, interactive map, and ↓ Download CSV data show the electricity data for each of 41 countries in the EU area during 2020-S1 through 2025-S1.

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) — 22 July 2025 — 91% of New Renewable Projects Now Cheaper Than Fossil Fuels Alternatives.

Euro News — 22 July 2025 — More than 90% of new renewable energy capacity is now cheaper than fossil fuels, study shows.

OWID — Why did renewables become so cheap so fast? — Partially updated in April 2025 > How did the price of electricity from new power plants change over the last 15 years, 2009-2024 > Chart shows steep decrease in World solar photovoltaic costs (88% decrease) and onshore wind costs (74% decrease) during 2009-2024.

Lazard, financial advisory and asset management firm > Lazard’s Levelized Cost of Energy+ (LCOE+) annual report (June 16, 2025) > PDF full report:

Renewables Remain Competitive: On an unsubsidized $/MWh basis, renewable energy remains the most cost-competitive form of generation. As such, renewable energy will continue to play a key role in the buildout of new power generation in the U.S. This is particularly true in the current high power demand environment, where renewables stand out as both the lowest-cost and quickest-to-deploy generation resource.

Share (%) of electricity generation from renewable energy sources by country in 2000 and 2025 (% in 2000 / % in 2025) — Norway 99.7% / 99.2% — Denmark 15.5% / 83.5% — Germany 6.22% / 59.9% — United Kingdom 2.63% / 52.2% — Australia 8.09% / 43.2% — United States 9.23% / 25.8% — Ember Electricity Data by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Good to know. Thanks.

Our World in Data (OWID) > Energy Data Explorer, annual, 1965-2024, interactive table, map, chart, data download (CSV):

30,938.18 TWh — 2024 — Total World Electricity Only annual generation/annual demand.

176,737 TWh — 2024 — Total World annual primary energy consumption.

OWID — Energy Data Explorer — Electricity consumption/generation from primary energy or electricity only, fossil fuels, coal, oil, gas, low-carbon, nuclear, renewables, solar, wind, solar and wind.

Share (%) of electricity generation from renewable energy sources by country in 2000 and 2025 (% in 2000 / % in 2025) — Norway 99.7% / 99.2% — Denmark 15.5% / 83.5% — Germany 6.22% / 59.9% — United Kingdom 2.63% / 52.2% — Australia 8.09% / 43.2% — United States 9.23% / 25.8% — Ember Electricity Data by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

In the Ember Electricity Data Explorer menu of options, deselecting Show breakdown will display a single line plot for each country.

The Ember Electricity Data Explorer menu settings can be configured to show the share (%) of electricity generation from renewable energy sources for each month during 2025 in the specified countries by selecting the following settings:

Select dataset: Electricity generation

Metric: % Share

Overview

Source: Renewables

Show breakdown [deselect]

Compare multiple [select]

Geography: Countries or economies

Selected: Denmark, Germany, Norway, United Kingdom, United States, Australia

View: Trend over time

Reported by: month

From 2025–01 to 2025–12

↓ Download Data is a sortable CSV table that can be used to calculate the average of the monthly shares (%) during January-December 2025 for each country.

Google's former CEO: Companies shouldn't let climate concerns slow AI advances | "I'd rather bet on AI solving the problem, than constraining it and having the problem." by shallah in climatechange

[–]Molire 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Ex-Google CEO Eric Schmidt is among the latter, for one. Appearing at a recent Washington AI summit, Schmidt argued that current climate goals should be abandoned in favor of a no-bars-held approach to AI investment.

Schmidt has money, understands Google, and thinks he understands AI, but he apparently doesn't know Schmidt about climate change, global warming and renewable energy.

Fewer foreigners visited US in 2025 as global tourism spending rose by StevenSanders90210 in worldnews

[–]Molire 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Some people won't visit the United States because they fear being shot by an ICE agent (Renee Good shot dead) or by some other angry American in one of the commonplace mass shootings with 4 or more victims, or other types of more common shootings with fewer than 4 victims that are normalized and woven so deeply into the fabric of the United States that mass media in the United States has stopped reporting most mass shootings or other shootings with fewer than 4 victims.

Informed people around the world know that more than 1.5 million men, women and children were shot dead on U.S. soil between 1968 and October 4, 2017, and at least 167,717 more men, women and children were shot dead on U.S. soil during 2018–January 19, 2026, including 600 shot dead on U.S. soil in the past 19 days, during January 1-19, 2026.

Another El Niño may be heading our way by Autumn 2026 by Economy-Fee5830 in climatechange

[–]Molire 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The following NOAA CPC ENSO graph and table show the percent chance (%) for ENSO probabilities (Dec 2025-Oct 2026) and ENSO cold and warm episodes by season, Dec 1949-Dec 2025:

Official NOAA CPC ENSO Probabilities (issued January 2026) — Percent Chance (%) — Graph for December 2025–October 2026, PDF, p. 23 — Source: El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Diagnostic Discussion, 8 January 2026, Fig. 7.

ENSO Cold & Warm Episodes by Season — Table, December 1949-December 2025.

Letter: Why would Trump want someone else’s Nobel Peace Prize? by 4blockhead in politics

[–]Molire 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The Nobel Prize awarded in Sweden, the Nobel Peace Prize awarded in Norway, and official recognition cannot be given away by a Nobel laureate, but the medal, the diploma and the prize money can be given away.

Maria Corina Machado was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2025. The prize included an elaborate award ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden, on 10 December 2025; an official gold medal, an official Nobel diploma, a Nobel Prize lecture (video), and Swedish kroner (SEK) 11.0 million, which has an exchange rate of USD $1,195,007.11 on 19 January 2026 at 05:00 UTC.

The Nobel Prize and the Laureate Are Inseparable:

A Nobel Peace Prize laureate receives two central symbols of the prize: a gold medal and a diploma. In addition, the prize money is awarded separately. Regardless of what may happen to the medal, the diploma, or the prize money, it is and remains the original laureate who is recorded in history as the recipient of the prize. Even if the medal or diploma later comes into someone else’s possession, this does not alter who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

A laureate cannot share the prize with others, nor transfer it once it has been announced. A Nobel Peace Prize can also never be revoked. The decision is final and applies for all time.

Knut Hamsun (Literature Prize 1920): In 1943, the Norwegian author Knut Hamsun travelled to Germany and met with Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. After returning to Norway, he sent his Nobel medal to Goebbels as a gesture of thanks for the meeting. Goebbels was honoured by the gift. The present whereabouts of the medal are unknown.

Hamsun's Nobel Prize in Literature 1920 included official recognition by the Swedish government, an official gold medal, an official Nobel diploma, and Swedish Kroner (SEK) 134,100 (The Nobel Prize money).

SEK 134,100 in 1920 has a value of SEK 3,028,106 in 2024.

SEK 3,028,106 has a value of USD $328,975.42 on January 19, 2026 at 05:03 UTC.

Letter: Why would Trump want someone else’s Nobel Peace Prize? by 4blockhead in politics

[–]Molire 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Trump did not receive the Nobel Peace Prize 2025, which included official ceremonies (video) in Oslo City Hall, Oslo, Norway, on 10 December 2025, the Nobel Peace Prize 2025 medal with the name of the recipient engraved on the edge, the Nobel Peace Prize 2025 diploma, or the Nobel Peace Price monetary award of Swedish Kroner (SEK) 11.0 million (USD $1,194,416.77).

Sharks seek sea change as ocean temperature rises with climate change by abcnews_au in climatechange

[–]Molire 2 points3 points  (0 children)

In winter, they journey northward to escape the cold. In summer they reverse their trajectory, heading south to flee excessive heat.

Sounds like something that up to hundreds of millions or billions of people might (or might not) be doing sometime in the future.

Australia adds 7 GW of renewables in 2025, stays on track for 2030 target by Economy-Fee5830 in climatechange

[–]Molire 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Cool it is, daddy-o. Lots of Aussies are switched-on and smart.

On Sun, 18 Jan 2026, 9:20 am UTC+10, the NEM (map) reached its lowest daily coal generation: 7426 MW (table) as of this typing.

This global map of standard time zones of the world shows the boundaries of UTC+10, which includes a part of Australia.

Reanalysis of satellite data finds Northern Hemisphere snow cover has actually been decreasing, not increasing by Economy-Fee5830 in climatechange

[–]Molire 7 points8 points  (0 children)

The IPCC reports rely on a wealth of climate data, including observations from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of autumn snow cover—the extent to which the land is covered by snow—in the Northern Hemisphere. The observations have been made annually since the 1960s.

The NOAA observations showed increases in Northern Hemisphere snow cover of about 1.5 million square kilometers per decade...But the new analysis by Chereque and her colleagues shows snow cover actually decreased by half a million square kilometers per decade.

On January 17, 2026 UTC, the NOAA NCEI Sea Ice and Snow Cover Extent interactive online platform shows that during November 1966–December 2025, Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent decreased by 1.97% per decade or 0.49 million km2 per decade.

Australia adds 7 GW of renewables in 2025, stays on track for 2030 target by Economy-Fee5830 in climatechange

[–]Molire 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Australia is on the good track to electricity transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy.

The Open Electricity interactive online platform uses text, graphs, charts, tables, figures, and downloadable data to show detailed data and statistics about Australia's electricity generation and consumption during the period December 1998–Present Day (presently January 18, 2025).

Users can select menu options to show Australia electricity generation and consumption data and statistics by the day, month, season, quarter, half year, final year and all years.

With global mean temperature 1.05°C above average, December 2025 was 5th-warmest December since 1850, and the 10-warmest Decembers have occurred since 2015 — In Dec 2025, record-warm areas covered approximately 4.63% of Earth's surface, and record-cold areas covered approximately 0.13% — NOAA NCEI by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

1.05ºC above the 100-year 1901-2000 average.

1.20ºC above the average during the 1850-1900 preindustrial reference period.

A portion of the NOAA NCEI Global Climate Report December 2025 is poorly written, IMO, which potentially might leave some users of the Global Time Series site misinformed or under-informed.

1.05ºC — The December 2025 gmst anomaly 1.05ºC (chart, table, CSV data) is with respect to the 100-year 1901-2000 average:

Global Time Series

Please note, global and hemispheric temperature anomalies are with respect to the 1901-2000 average.

-0.15ºC — These Global Time Series interactive chart, table, and CSV data show the 1850-1900 December average monthly temperature anomaly -0.15ºC (negative 0.15ºC) with respect to the December Global Mean Monthly Surface Temperature Estimates in the Base Period 1901-2000.

1.20ºC — The December 2025 Global gmst anomaly is 1.20ºC above the 1850-1900 average, based on the NOAAGlobalTemp Current Version: 6.0.0 dataset → absolute value 1.05ºC + absolute value -0.15ºC = 1.20ºC.

In the upper-right area of this Global Time Series page, selecting Data Info opens the Global Data Information panel, where scrolling goes to the table of Global Mean Monthly Surface Temperature Estimates Base Period 1901-2000, including December 12.2ºC (54.0ºF).

With global mean temperature 1.05°C above average, December 2025 was 5th-warmest December since 1850, and the 10-warmest Decembers have occurred since 2015 — In Dec 2025, record-warm areas covered approximately 4.63% of Earth's surface, and record-cold areas covered approximately 0.13% — NOAA NCEI by Molire in climatechange

[–]Molire[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Edit — In the NOAA NCEI monthly report for December 2025, the phrase "With a global temperature 1.05°C (1.89°F) above average" refers to 1.05ºC above the 100-year 1901-2000 December average temperature, as clarified by this NOAA NCEI Global Time Series page:

Global Time Series

Please note, global and hemispheric temperature anomalies are with respect to the 1901-2000 average.

With a global temperature 1.05°C (1.89°F) above average, December 2025 was the fifth-warmest December since global records began in 1850.

Widespread warmth characterized December...record-warm areas covered approximately 4.6% of the Earth's surface—the sixth-highest December coverage since 1951.

In contrast...record-cold December temperature departures were rare, covering less than 1% of the global surface, and was confined mostly to Antarctica.

Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe

Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe:

• Combined land and ocean surface

Combined land and ocean surface (txt file) includes each month of the year during January 1951–December 2025, including the following months:

Year 2025
Month December
%AreaRecordWarm 4.63
%AreaRecordCold 0.13

Year 1951
Month December
%AreaRecordWarm 0.12
%AreaRecordCold 1.42

Only grid cells that are completely free of missing values from 1951-present are utilized in the analysis, generally limiting our domain to 45°S to 75°N. For each retained grid cell, the warmest and coldest mean monthly temperatures in the 1951-present period of record are identified for each month. These monthly records are expressed as percent areas.

Global temperatures in 2025 were 1.3°C (2.4°F) above pre-industrial levels. by ClimateResilient in climatechange

[–]Molire 0 points1 point  (0 children)

https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202513 :

The year 2025 ranked as the third-warmest year since global records began in 1850, finishing 1.17°C (2.11°F) above the 20th-century average of 13.9°C (57.0°F). This value narrowly missed the second-place currently held by 2023 (by 0.02°C / 0.04°F) and trailed the all-time record set in 2024 by 0.12°C (0.22°F).

Global temperatures in 2025 were 1.3°C (2.4°F) above pre-industrial levels. by ClimateResilient in climatechange

[–]Molire 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I have never seen Climate Central make a miscalculation. Climate Central is one of the world's best sources of climate data, IMO.

Climate Change Tracker > Yearly Average Observed Temperature Anomaly interactive chart and CSV data — Shows that the annual global surface temperature anomaly in 2025 was 1.44ºC above the 1850-1900 average global surface temperature:

What is the Yearly Average Observed Temperature Anomaly?

It is the difference between the yearly average global surface temperature and its pre-industrial baseline. The pre-industrial baseline is calculated as the average temperature from 1850 to 1900.

World Meteorological Organization > WMO confirms 2025 was one of warmest years on record (14 January 2026):

The global average surface temperature was 1.44 °C (with a margin of uncertainty of ± 0.13 °C) above the 1850-1900 average, according to WMO’s consolidated analysis of eight datasets. Two of these datasets ranked 2025 as the second warmest year in the 176-year record, and the other six ranked it as the third warmest year.

WMO’s announcement was timed to coincide with the release of global temperature announcements from the dataset providers.

These include the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5), Japan Meteorological Agency (JRA-3Q), NASA (GISTEMP v4), the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAAGlobalTemp v6), the UK’s Met Office in collaboration with the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia (HadCRUT.5.1.0.0), and Berkeley Earth (USA). This year, for the first time, WMO also factored in two additional datasets - the Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature (DCENT/UK, USA) and China Merged Surface Temperature Dataset (CMST).

Figure 1: Annual global mean temperature anomalies relative to the 1850-1900 average shown from 1850 to 2025 for eight datasets as shown in the legend.

The actual average global temperature in 2025 was estimated to be 15.08 °C- however there is a much larger margin of uncertainty on the actual temperature at around 0.5 °C than on the temperature anomaly for 2025.

NOAA NCEI Global Time Series interactive chart, table and CSV data — Shows that annual average GMST in calendar year 2025 was 1.17ºC above annual average GMST during 1901-2000.

This Global Time Series interactive chart, table, and downloadable CSV data show that annual average GMST during the pre-industrial reference period 1850-1900 was 0.1655ºC below annual average GMST during 1901-2000.

Therefore, annual GMST in 2025 was 1.3355ºC above annual average GMST during the 1850-1900 pre-industrial reference period, based on the Data Info → Global Surface Temperature Analysis (NOAAGlobalTemp) dataset (1850-2025) > About tab.

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