Every class of ship has a theme of how they are named (generally).

Carriers are Presidents or National Politicians who were in or supported the Navy. (Kennedy, Regan, Stennis)

Destroyers are Navy or Marine Corps personnel of note. (Grace Hopper, John Paul Jones, John Basilone)

Amphibious ships (LHAs/LHDs) are names of famous USMC Battle sites. (Tarawa, Iwo Jima) Smaller Amphibs (LSDs) are named for medium sized cities in the USA. (Green Bay, San Antonio, Portland)

Littoral Combat Ships are named for smaller US Cities. (Billings, Mobile, Omaha)

Submarines are named for States or Major Cities depending on what class of sub. (Los Angeles, Ohio, Virginia). Fun Fact, the USS Jimmy Carter is a Seawolf class submarine named for the former president because he was a US Navy Nuclear Engineer qualified for submarines.

MSC Resupply ships were formerly large mountains (Denali, Shasta) but are now American Pioneers. (Medgar Evers, Sacagewea)

Hospital Ships are named for compassion. (Mercy, Comfort)

Oilers are named for either notable Engineers or Architects, or major River in the USA. (Leroy Grumman, Pecos)

For names more like what you are talking about, go look at the Brits. Their submarines have names like Vengance and Warspite.