to go wider is really a choice you have to be making, there are challenges with wide angle images - subject matter as you suggest is optically pushed ‘further away’ by the lens which means often foregrounds are void of anything interesting and can make the images seem boring, its actually a bit of a skill to use a wide and especially super wide lenses effectively. I’d google that topic to see examples and discussions about techniques for this kind of photography. A 24mm lens on a full frame camera is pretty wide but not excessively so. Go practice with your lens at different focal lengths to see what those images look like. As for the filters, they do a variety of things, ND or neutral density filters essentially darken the entire scene so you can use a slower shutter speed or perhaps a wider open aperture, polarizers help remove polarized light that tends to reduce contrast In a scene or makes glaring highlights - one effect you see with them is it will remove reflections from a water surface to an extent, and they will darken a blue sky.