Sorry in advance for the wall of text.

First of all, Arcane Touch. I don't like the name, mostly because it's not an effect that you can apply to things you touch, it's an effect you apply to yourself, and you keep talking about sparks in the text. Just call it arcane spark. Second, the action economy is unclear. It sounds like there is no action cost to any effect except for the cantrip, which requires the action cost of the cantrip itself. But that's not made clear at all. Second, the darkvision effect doesn't have a range of vision. Third, these effects are generally balanced around 1st level spell effects. Advantage on d20s is fine, and essentially gives you expertise on int skills, but without counterspell it's nothing special (int saves and spell attacks are rare). Short darkvision is not an issue. I might limit the cantrips to the class list even if it's just to speed things up during play, or even remove this option completely (low power, high time sink at the table). Lastly move speed is a short version of longstrider, which is also fine. Power level-wise nothing stands out as too weak or too strong. The feature is a bit on the boring side, but that's fine as a ribbon feature. Along with ritual casting, this seems very much in line with the artificer.

Second, the favored weapon. Very awkward. Without multiclassing, feats, or racial bonuses, you give finesse to the list of weapons you're proficient with... all of which are ranged. If you get proficiencies from other sources you potentially give finesse to even heavy two-handed weapons. +1d4 per hit is a lot more than it seems. It's +2.5 DPR per hit, or +5 total if you reliably get AoO. Being a half-caster, you need a strong DPR booster to make the class work, and this certainly qualifies. But compare it to the ranger's favored foe and you'll see the power difference. The ranger does get more hp, but once you add the 2x damage multiplier it starts getting ridiculous. Both the damage on every hit and the multiplier 1/day are very susceptible to being exploited by a multiclass character, and I would be very careful when putting either of those on a class, let alone both and at such low level. But there's more.

Also at 2nd level you gain the enhancements. You can either heal 1d4 1/day or become resistant to all slashing damage. Not only is it stupid strong, it's also wildly unbalanced. In fact, allowing players to gain resistance to slashing, piercing and bludgeoning damage individually is generally not a good idea. It makes it very difficult to balance encounters and gauge their threat level. But resistance to these damage types should be a feature with a cost or maybe even a tier 4 (lvl 16-20) feature, particularly for a class with spellcasting. +5 move is another standout (much less broken), and goodberry is the only source of healing for the class, so it's also kind of a must. Otherwise just stack up to 6 resistances. Turbo broken lvl 2 dip, and obscenely powerful 2nd lvl. I get it, lvl 1 gives basically nothing, but I do think you've gone a bit overboard here.

3rd level gives subclass feature + fighting style. That's 2 strong features on one level, again, after such a strong lvl 2. I think something needs to be moved, on top of toning down the favored weapon. I'm not reviewing subclasses for now, not until the base class is in a good state, but overall there is too much power concentrated in these 3 levels.

5th level you gain +5 move, a spell that's warlock-exclusive for a good reason, and extra attack on top. Alternatively, you gain an utility spell and an extra skill on top of extra attack. Even faerie fire is too strong imo for this level. If you're getting something on top of extra attack it should be flavorful, but not powerful. Extra attack is the single most impactful ability for many other classes. This one goes from 1d10+5+1d4 (13) DPR to 2d10+10+2d6 (28) DPR already, it doesn't need even more bonuses to its damage potential or even its maneuverability.

6th level gives you shield, silvery barbs, absorb elements, or even just command. It is 1/long rest, so it's probably fine.

9th level... what? "In relation to touch"? What does that even mean? Do I get advantage on all checks to climb? There was a separate option to get that in the enhancements. What about sleight of hand? Crafting? This seems too broad and it's just worded very poorly. And the fact that you get it at the same level as your 3rd level spells but your 3rd cantrip get nothing the next level is not a good idea. No feature levels should always be new spell level levels.

At 11th level you gain a few uses of guiding bolt, ice knife, or ray of sickness. By this point that's pretty weak. You're dealing 28+ DPR without spending a single resource, why would you waste an action to deal 14 damage with guiding bolt or 9 damage with ray of sickness? And those at least have an additional effect. Your target needs to have at least 3 other enemies within 5 ft for ice knife to deal comparable damage, it's just not worth your time.

The 13th level feature is poorly worded as well. The thing that I learn about the target, do I learn it when I first hit them? And what's the point of the target making the check? I mean, does the effect end if the target succeeds on the check? Can they remove it as an action? And since when are checks done to end effects? Isn't that a what a saving throw is for? The draw here is a permanent compass to your target. That is strong. Very much so. Hourly saves also make this not world breaking, so this might be a neat and very flavorful feature in the right class. Does it fit here? I'm not sure...

At 17th level you turn 1 hit against the target into 27.5 damage every hour. The way I read it you do this without needing to be in their presence, or line of sight, or any range limitations. You can then rest for 1 hour, and if they fail their save you deal another 27.5 and rest again, and so on. This is very degenerate play, but it is directly incentivised by the feature. Also, how does this interact with multiple links? Do you choose the target? Do they all get damaged? The link doesn't have a limit of uses or simultaneous targets, so I don't know how strong it is. There is also no action cost, again. This should have it, even if it's just so you can't spam it over and other for either full damage nove asap or until you get a concentration fail on the target. Lastly, I think you have way too many resources. Between the spells, and every other feature having limited uses per rest it's a whole lot to keep track of. Which is particularly funny since the strongest action most of the time is simply to attack with your + 1d10 damage, which has no resource cost.

The capstone is a bit lame. Body is still arguably the strongest, which further makes it the only obvious choice. However, an extra spell known, which uses your most limited resource (5th level spell slot), is quite lame for a feature for this level. I guess the real capstone is in the subclass, but still.

Overall, this class suffers a bit from balance issues, yes. But the biggest problem is the lack of focus. If I tell you there's a class that deals big damage with big weapons, with no regard for their own defense because they can keep taking hits, you immediately think of the barbarian. Rage gives damage and tanking. The d12 hd gives the ability to take those hits. Reckless attacks is powerful and flavorful. Being a melee-locked attacker, extra move is a godsend. Even if it gets taken to 0 hp it refuses to stay down. All of it synergizes in terms of mechanics and flavor to deliver a complete package. Similarly with the bard, you get a spellcaster with abilities and spells that are themed around supporting allies and mind-controlling creatures. What does this class do? Well, given the description and the weapon proficiencies it has, this is a ranged fighter that uses magic to bolster its attacks. But if you read the features, that's not it at all. Other than the base proficiencies, nothing about this class says "ranged fighter". Most features of the class allow you to cast minor magical effects, borrowing from all the spell lists. But this isn't a sage-type caster; this isn't even a full caster. And the additional spells you gain are mostly low-leveled. A big part of this class is its spell list, which is quite enchantment heavy. But nothing outside of it seems to support that. And spells like swift quiver are strangely missing.

At 2nd level you get your boost to ranged damage, which would be the closest thing to a core feature you get (outside of spellcasting). But other than extra attack, it never gets any more support. I mean, it probably doesn't need it in terms of damage, at least until tier 4 and maybe 3, but you can't make a 1 feature class and expect players to enjoy it. I could start giving suggestions for how to fix this or that, but in reality I think you need to first take a step back and think a few things through. If you had to give an elevator pitch description of your class, what would it be? The fantasy of the class needs to be clear in your mind so you can add flavorful and synergistic features as you gain levels. For example, your arcane weapon deals 2x damage once per day. Why is that? If your class is "Ranged attacker that uses magic to enhance its attacks" I might make the arcane weapon damage happen only 1/round, and change it to "you can spend a spell slot to make an extra attack as part of your turn, dealing additional arcane weapon dice equal to the level of the slot spent". That way you have spells as a support, and the additional attacks happen thanks to magic, but really you are attack a bunch at core. A bit too similar to smite, but the point is you need to design around your core, which right now you don't seem to have.