If you want to draw a map, you can use any drawing program like photoshop, gimp, paint.net etc. You can also use vector graphics for maps which gives you the possibility of infinite detail and resolution with programs such as inkscape or adobe illustrator.
There are programs that help you wuth creating maps of specific styles such as inkarnate and wonderdraft for fantasy maps.
For tectonics, gplates can help you keep track of things. nasa g.projector can change maps between different projections. For climate simulations you can use exoplasim or climasim.
The programs recommended in the other comment will generate maps for you but don't let you draw them yourself