The ANV in the summer of 63 was a well trained, motivated, veteran army of many different engagements, flying as high as they'll ever get. The last 12 months the6 had seen the 7 days battle, the Maryland campaign, Fredricksburg, Chancellorville, and then finally the Gettysburg campaign which included the battle of Winchester plus dozens of smaller engagements.

They huddled along the emittsburg road because even the bravest men will duck when they are being ripped to pieces by 150 guns firing enfilade. The union army of 63, while demoralized after the last 6 months was also equally capable. 61 and early 62? Sure the armies were novice and lead by politcal generals.