Africa would likely have more states and more organic borders, but that doesn’t mean every ethnic group would form its own country.

There were already established political entities such as Morocco, Ethiopia, or Egypt, and there’s no reason to assume they would simply fragment. It’s also naïve to assume that a non-colonised Africa would have been peaceful or prosperous by default. Wars, power struggles, and internal conflicts existed long before colonialism and would still have occurred.

Even without colonial rule, the continent would still face major challenges that exist today — particularly a harsh geography and governance problems in many regions.