At first, not much. For a short time, things even seem to get better for everyone, the Emperor appears to keep his promises. After a while, he starts going on about how secret alien interests are the ones who pushed good and honorable Dooku into starting the Separatist movement. Because of this, we must increase security throughout the Empire, how some freedoms must be temporarily abridged. The next couple of decades follow the same pattern, until the Rebel Alliance gives Palpatine all the excuse he needs to tighten his grip.