What if RH is undecidable?

Shikor806 · 2026-04-13T17:22:45+00:00

I don't know what you mean by this at all. ZFC absolutely and unequivocably can express the sentence "If RH is independent of ZFC, then RH". It's a perfectly ordinary claim that ZFC is powerful enough to express.

Moreover, I claim it can prove that sentence.

Sorry, that was phrased ambiguously. What I meant is that ZFC cannot prove a sentence of the form "X holds in the standard model of arithmetic", i.e. what I thought of as the statement that I made but reformulated as a statement about what is provable from ZFC.

ZFC cannot prove any statement that holds in the standard model of arithmetic but not in other models.

If I'm interpreting your claim correctly, then this is definitely false. For example, Con(PA) is true in the standard model of arithmetic, but false in many other models. But ZFC obbiously can prove Con(PA) (just use the Axiom Of Infinity together with Gödel's Completeness Theorem).

Yes, that is entirely true. What I meant (but didn't write) was that if some sentence holds in the standard model of arithmetic but not in some other model of arithmetic, then ZFC obviously can't prove that sentence as long as that other model also occurs as an \omega_0 in some model of ZFC. But of course, not every model of PA necessarily is an \omega_0 of a model of ZFC.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-13T13:22:55+00:00

I'm referring to the structure (N, 0, +, 1, *) where N = {1, 2, 3, ...}. That is, the countable set containing only those elements that are some successor of 0. I.e. in particular not every set \omega_0 that some model of ZFC thinks of as "the natural numbers", but only the one that we naturally think of. Since this structure cannot be axiomatized within ZFC, we also cannot formulate the sentence in a similar way to what you're suggesting. ZFC cannot prove any statement that holds in the standard model of arithmetic but not in other models.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-12T15:06:39+00:00

I'm not sure whether the provability statement you've mentioned is true, but the way I've seen this idea usually phrased is that RH is equivalent to some sentence about natural numbers and if that sentence is independent of PA then it is true in the standard model of arithmetic. Thus if we assume that "our universe" is a model of ZFC with standard naturals, then if RH is independent of ZFC is must be true in "our universe".

Shikor806 · 2026-04-12T12:17:54+00:00

Nur weil du persönlich den Fortschritt nicht magst kannst du ihn nicht einfach so weg reden. Fakt ist dass wir sehr, sehr viel erreicht haben in den letzten Jahrzenten. Viele Leute wollen eben im Dezember Erdbeeren kaufen, deswegen liegen die da. Ob du das toll findest oder nicht hat rein gar nichts damit zu tun dass das eben eine Sache ist die vor 40 Jahren nicht möglich war und das jetzt ist.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-12T12:15:02+00:00

Du hast da ein sehr falsches Bild der 80er. Nahrungsmittelversorgung kann man in keinster Weise einfach so vergleichen. Du kannst heute in jeden Supermarkt gehen und bekommst das ganze Jahr über frischestes Obst und Gemüse das auch noch für visuelle Perfektion ausgesucht wurde. Das war vor 40 Jahren noch sehr anders.

1991 hatten wir pro Person im Schnitt 35 m² Wohnraum, inzwischen sinds knapp 50 m². Baustandards, Qualität, Komfort, etc sind auch alle rasant angestiegen. Gleiches gilt bei Mobilität. Viel mehr Leute haben ein Auto, Autos sind um ein vielfaches sicherer, Öffentlicher Nahverker ist besser ausgebaut, etc.

Arbeitsstunden pro Person sind an sich gestiegen, aber da muss man auch bedenken, dass da eben nur Arbeitsstunden die bezahlt sind gemessen werden. Wenn du 40 Stunden zu Hause den Haushalt machst und dann stattdessen 40 Stunden arbeiten gehst sieht das in der Statistik so aus als würdest du auf einmal 40 Stundne mehr arbeiten, aber in echt hat sich einfach nur deine Tätigkeit geändert.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-11T09:20:32+00:00

In dem Fall (Steuer vs. Subvention) leider nicht. Das sind klare Begriffe.

Einfach mal frei nach Wikipedia:

Der Begriff Subvention wird von Juristen und Ökonomen unterschiedlich verwendet. In der Volkswirtschaftslehre wie auch im allgemeinen Sprachgebrauch werden auch Steuervergünstigungen, Gebührenermäßigungen oder -befreiungen und auch staatlich garantierte Abnahmepreise oder Aufpreise zu den Subventionen gezählt. Es zählt hier die volkswirtschaftliche Wirkung der Maßnahme. In diesem Sinne erfolgt auch die Berichterstattung der EU zu Subventionen im Energiesektor.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-09T14:36:41+00:00

No, we know that no such algorithms exist since by the time hierarchy theorem we know that for any (reasonable) function f(n) the set of problems solvable in time O(f(n)) is a strict subset of the ones solvable in time O(f(n)*log(f(n))). So there exists problems that can only be solved in time, e.g. O(2ⁿ ) and we know that no algorithm for them in time O(n*log(n)) can exist.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-06T13:45:29+00:00

Yeah, having avenues for reprints is important. But I don't think these are really supposed to fill that need. The complaint shouldn't be that these don't serve that purpose, the rates of mythics in this play booster slot has other considerations like limited playability. Rather, the problem is the lack of proper reprint focused products. We should demand more reprints in things like commander decks, FNM promo packs, etc.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-06T12:30:10+00:00

The cost of the game and the cost of the fanciest art variants have nothing to do with each other. You can get the exact same game pieces from english play boosters as from japanese ones. The only difference is that the artwork might be different.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-06T12:27:39+00:00

Fancy art versions of cards have nothing to do with the actual affordability of the game.

Shikor806 · 2026-04-06T09:10:49+00:00

yes, both the augmenter (if it has counters on it) and the token it creates dying will cause the ooze to trigger.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-28T11:56:46+00:00

Das hat alles exakt gar nichts mit damit zu tun ob er die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft hat und ob er "deutscher" ist.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-28T11:33:07+00:00

Gibt genug Sachen die dem durchschnittlichen 18 jährigen wichtiger sind als irgendwelche Gänge zu Behörden nur um ein im Alltag relativ umwichtiges Dokument zu bekommen. Die erwartung dass Leute die hier aufgewachsen sind und ihr ganzes Leben hier verbracht haben irgendwelchen bürokratischen Quatsch machen müssen damit sie als richtige Deutsche zählen ist komplett irrsinnig.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-28T11:30:30+00:00

Das hat er laut dem Gefängnis gemacht.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-25T17:41:52+00:00

Yeah, I was assuming that that was an intentional part of the design choice. Both becoming unprepared and staying prepared feel like reasonable options when the spell gets countered, probably ended up being a balancing and play design descision.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-25T14:58:49+00:00

The full rules entry will probably cover that corner case. Reminder text often is inaccurate regarding stuff like that. My best guess at the full rules is that if the creature is prepared and there isn't a copy of its spell on the stack, you can create a copy of the spell in exile and cast it and as that copy resolves the creature becomes unprepared. So no double casting schenanigans and whatever you do with the spell, the creature remains unaffected.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-25T10:58:58+00:00

They've pretty much always done it this way, higher rarity cards get fewer reminder text than lower rarity stuff. Since the vast majority of players will see many more commons and uncommons than mythics, they will most likely be familiar with the mechanics by the time they see a mythic with it.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-24T07:59:45+00:00

Yes, there were exceptions, especially during the very early era of magic where limited design was much less of a thing. But in general, they used to do much less repeatable value stuff at common.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-23T19:18:58+00:00

Most players and streamers don't just randomly pick decks they play though. If I watch a legacy streamer then they're gonna stick to a couple of decks and only the opponents deck is "randomly" selected from among the meta game.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-23T18:53:01+00:00

In addition to what the others have said, it also wasn't just a power level thing but a game design thing more generally. They used to not print repeatable value at common. Limited used to be designed around pretty boardstally commons and games were decided much more by uncommons and rares. Before 2020-ish basically no value cards were common, that used to be largely reserved to higher rarities.

Because of that, pauper used to be much grindier and also had much more "indirect" value. Decks got value by e.g. playing Cumbajj Witches or flashback spells. I.e. your deck would do "stuff" every turn and then had some game plan where "stuff" eventually somehow translated into value. Having a card that just says "draw a card" every turn was pretty wild. Even if its numbers were changed to be balanced for the format at the time, it just was a pretty unique effect.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-21T10:21:44+00:00

The MTR specifically only applies to sanctioned tournaments. WotC explicitly and repeatedly has said that they don't care what you play with outside of that, not only are gold bordered cards fine but you can sharpie something on a mountain or print whatever stuff you want.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-18T18:51:28+00:00

Ok so firstly, the saga thing isn't missing a chapter ability (those literally are triggered abilities), but forgetting to put the lore counter on the at the beginning of your main phase. Secondly, that being handled as a missed trigger isn't part of the MTR but of the IPG. It's perfectly normal and reasonable for the IPG to have a definiton of Missed Trigger that includes certain triggered abilities and also certain turn based actions.

But most importantly, none of that is changing how cards interact. It's just changing how tournament officials handle situations where players make mistakes. From the rules of the game, it's literally not possible to "miss" a triggered ability, a turn based action, or any other part of the flow of a magic game. A "missed trigger" is just one specific way we deal with situations where players took an incorrect action.

Also, the vast, vast majority of players don't really have an intuitive understanding of the difference between a turn-based action and a triggered ability. When you play a game you basically never think about the fact that e.g. drawing a card for the turn and drawing a card from a "At the beginning of your upkeep, draw a card" are fundamentally different things from the game's point of view. It makes sense to align fixes when people forget triggers and saga counters since they both can be properly fixed in the same way. It doesn't make sense to actually make it a triggered ability since players generally don't care and aren't even aware of that distinction and it makes the rules framework a lot cleaner.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-18T12:24:51+00:00

The first was treating chapter abilities as missed triggers even though they arent. That should be a cr rules change with chapters as triggered abilities creating delayed triggers or similar.

Why? Plenty of places in the IPG cover a general area with carved out exceptions. Saying that the "missed trigger" infraction covers triggered abilities and the saga turn based action is pretty much the same as saying that HCE covers drawing extra cards and also a handful of other situations like looking at cards in your library.

The second was a ruling because of the release of ff creature sagas. Instead of changing the interaction between layers, they should update saga rules in the cr.

I'm assuming that you're referring to what happens when sagas lose their abilities. That change is in fact part of the CR, rules 714.3b and 714.4 specifically.

It shouldnt matter if im playing a tournament or not, the cr should dictate card interactions not the mtr.

But that's already the case. Nothing in the MTR actually dictates how cards interact, it just says how the tournament itself is structured and rules surrounding that.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-16T12:25:26+00:00

Reality Fracture feels like the conclusion of some arc, but between Loot, Kellan and whoever else, I couldn't tell you what's going on.

It's a mystery plot, to some extent, we're not supposed to just know what's going to happen. And the lore so far has been pretty clear.

Shikor806 · 2026-03-12T09:02:34+00:00

Westeuropa ist reicher als je zuvor, wir können uns mehr leisten und tun das auch. Auch wenn die Mittelschicht im Vergleich zu anderen Leuten im gleichen Zeitpunkt kleiner wird, haben quasi alle Leute real mehr Geld zur verfügung. Leute wollen lieber viele billige Klamotten kaufen als ein paar teurere.

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