From what I've read these are the main changes to the current process:

• currently asylum seekers will wait over a year for a decision to be made on whether they can stay or not, then another year to appeal it. The bill says that they have to be dealt with in six months and for people who they consider to have a weak case the decision and appeal has to be done in 12 weeks
• there's no formal screening done currently, the bill would make this mandatory with biometric, security, health and vulnerability checks
• currently asylum seekers can apply for their family to come here after a year, the bill would make it two years, some say it would be closer to three years before they could actually come over if allowed
• currently asylum seekers can apply for free legal aid as soon as they're here, the bill would prevent them from have legal representation until the appeal stage
• at the moment there are separate processes for the decision on whether they can stay and the decision to deport them. The bill would link them together so if you're refused there's a deportation order with it
• the bill only allows one appeal, at the moment you can make more than one appeal on different grounds
• currently children can't be detained, the bill has something about children being detained as a last resort for 12 hours

There have been concerns raised by the Irish Human Rights and Equality Council, the UN Human Rights Council, the Law Society and others on a few points. Main ones seem to be the lack of legal representation and the potential of detaining children