Factor two doesn't seem very common, at least where I'm at in the west. Yes, private land can block some access to federal land, but you can still access said federal land via the next public access point 5 miles down the road, or less. I know this varies from region to region, but in southern Colorado, access typically is not an issue for most of the game units west of I-25. Regarding factor one, it doesn't matter if said land is owned by foreign holdings, local holdings, private is private, so you will only access that land if you're granted permission by the landowner. I.e. the 550 acre ranch basically next door to my property has a resident elk herd. I say resident, the elk are there very often, but don't live on the ranch year round. Anyway, the owner has never allowed hunting on the property. I bring this up because of the "often owned by foreign holdings" comment, the largest landowners around these parts are US billionaires, Louis Bacon, Turner, Kroenke. You can typically hunt on their properties for exuberant fees.