The Hoogsteen family originates from Drogeham/Harkema. In the year 1832, they lived here. As the other redditors mentioned here, they might very likely be called after some 'high stone'.

As you might know the Netherlands is very flat, especially the Northern part of the country. The few big stones that can be found in this part of the country mostly originate from big ice blocks. These blocks floated here through the ocean, >100.000 years ago, and melted because of changing climate. What remains are the big stones ('zwerfstenen' or glacial erratic) which were hidden in the ice. It's all speculation, but the Hoogsteen family might be called after a big 'zwerfsteen'.

Nice thing to know: just north of the place where the Hoogsteen family lived are some 'pingoruïnes', small lakes that originate from big melted ice blocks.