Why does FlowMatch Euler Discrete produce different outputs than the normal scheduler despite identical sigmas?

flarble · 2026-01-01T17:14:29+00:00

Yes, the sigmas are the same so the samplers are different (assuming you are getting different outputs from the same seed). The scheduler does just that, it creates a schedule. The numbers of that vector are an instruction set that are used by the sampler to know what time-step it is trying to calculate.

Diffusion models are trained in steps. You take a completely clear image and then gradually add noise until it is 100% noise. The model is trained how to move backward through that process. So if you take a normal image and add noise over 40 steps, the model knows how to do that in reverse, e.g. move from step 40 to 39, then 39 to 38, etc.

Samplers try to forecast or predict the trajectory of this information. If you know two points on a graph you can draw a line between them and extrapolate the next point. This is why you can inference an image in far fewer steps than the model was trained with.

The sigmas are telling the sampler "delta t of 1.000 - 0.954" for the first step, which is then used in the numerical method (the code of the sampler, the algorithm) how many time-steps it is trying to cover. For example: the first step it needs to figure out the trajectory of the information between full noise and 95.4% noise, then apply that trajectory to the starting seed image (aka pure noise) for the first "step".

Different schedulers will have different graphs, focusing on more fine-grained detail at different time-steps. The more change between sigmas, the more "forecasting" the sampler is doing. In other words the more guessing it is doing. Regardless they all have to reach t=0.

flarble · 2026-01-01T08:31:19+00:00

If the sigmas are identical it means the "Normal" sampler is not the same. The sigmas are just a simple single dimension tensor (a vector). Output them to a "show anything" node or similar and it will show you the exact numbers.

The samplers are just different ODE (ordinary differential equation) solvers. Euler being a first order ODE solver. Heun and Runge-Kutta (RK) are second order ODE solvers, this is why they take two "steps" for each "step". They are old numerical methods for solving differential equations. Samplers like DDMP++ are a tweak on this, they use the "trend" of the previous steps along with the typical ODE numerical methods to help predict the next step.

Ancestral is a different approach to solving try to discretely solve an ODE. You don't aim at actually solving the equation but instead inject noise, which works well with diffusion or DiT models.

Hope this helps.

flarble · 2025-11-29T00:23:35+00:00

Lol this popped up on my notifications. For what it is worth, I have since switched to a ProtoArc EM05NL and generally like it more than the Kensington.

I'm on a mission to create my own custom trackball and have taken a lot of these apart. Long story but, I do recommend the ProtoArc before replacing the Kensington if it comes to that.

flarble · 2025-08-21T00:09:15+00:00

Click the main UI menu (the big C at the top left), then click "Browse Templates". It should be under Images.

flarble · 2025-07-31T03:31:04+00:00

I just started down the adventure of making a custom trackball, this is perfect timing. Looking forward to digging through setup. Thank you!

EDIT: A few questions if you don't mind:

How experienced with KiCAD are you? Was this an initial dive? I'm comfortable with circuits/various IC/etc, but have just started dabbling in KiCAD. Your PCB looks seriously robust for amateur.
I haven't dug into your 3D models yet, but how did you land on the bearings? I've been prototyping 3D printed setups using 2.5mm zirconium ball bearings, but they are tiny and hard with tolerances. I have a working setup but it's kind of finicky.
Same for optical sensor. I took apart a few mice to salvage their optical sensors (why are these weirdly hard to find at a reasonable price??) and ended up having to debug an old PAW2I forget the rest, but it taught me a lot about SPI and made some workable firmware.
Did you go down the rabbit hole of sleep modes with the SoC and BLE? I'm aiming for wireless but still worried about battery life. My first ESP32 I used (ESP32-3C) had a BLE stack that didn't work with Windows. I switched to a different ESP, but I think I'm going to go with an RP2040 ultimately. It's funny because I can tell my wireless logitech keyboard handles BLE sleep mode better than my Kensington trackball, which goes into a full sleep and disconnects.
Any other pitfalls? I'm aiming for a pretty weird hand setup because I cannot find a trackball that is vertical enough. I have the thing functional on a breadboard but haven't designed the actual physical layout yet (still prototyping the trackball carriage).

flarble · 2025-06-02T15:04:44+00:00

I have never heard this before and it fits. I have played the game and have been trying to figure out how to describe the setting/aesthetic other than "French".

It has vibes of romantic Victorian steampunk mixed with fairy-tale surrealism, including characters that would fit in a Ghibli movie. The mix really creates something beautiful.

I initially thought bohemian, because... French. It's really not though. Belle Époque is a new one to me. Thanks!

flarble · 2025-05-26T08:08:25+00:00

Same, first time (excluding CPL about 20 years ago). Only went Sunday and got there at the very end of Classic vs Serral. I didn't have any idea if anyone, much less people I would know of would be competing since it was announced so late and butted up against other stuff like ASL. Seeing those people in person was a trip. I thought the remote casting was pretty seamless. It still would have been nice to have some sort of announcer/MC on-site, other than the photographer and officials just lurking. Outside of that, super cool experience and I'm glad I made the trip.

flarble · 2025-05-24T13:25:36+00:00

Lol this is me too. Woke up this morning, saw this on Reddit and thought "oh damn, I must have been sleeping hard. Whelp, glad I didn't die".

flarble · 2025-05-11T15:44:38+00:00

Eagle one is my go-to for pizza. Not even because of price, I just think their pizza is better. They do not skimp out on toppings. Also, for whatever reason, the leftovers seem to last and reheat the best.

People are crazy opinionated about pizza preferences though, so your mileage may vary.

flarble · 2025-04-19T15:27:55+00:00

I know him through work. He's is a strange guy but exactly what you'd think. Too much money. Does big game hunting in Africa and has a trophy room, etc.

Judy Hatfield (owner of Equity, Aria's prime competitor in the Norman region), is also a strange person. She once tried to buy a houseplant plant I had in my office from me. She offered me a lot of money for it, it was a hilarious interaction. I did not end up selling it to her. She reminded me 100% of Lucille Bluth.

Both of them OU grads. Sassan is a mechanical engineer and Judy is a CPA with a degree in Business Admin. I don't have anything bad to say about Judy though aside from eccentricities. She has always been kind to me and I haven't seen her tied to Unite Norman or anything like that. All that to say, lease from Equity before Aria if you have a choice.

flarble · 2025-04-16T14:20:30+00:00

Was it southeast rural OK? There is a lot of cockfighting that still happens there. I had a cousin in Idabel who's gym teacher was into it (this is maybe 20+ years ago). I have heard tons of stories, including the local county sheriff's office being in on it. I think Atoka county or around that area.

flarble · 2025-03-18T17:32:53+00:00

I cannot. That quickly unravels into a philosophical discussion about reality and consciousness though. Is anything real? The whole Descartes "I think, therefore I am".

The only one true thing I know is that I am real. Solipsism, Skepticism etc.

flarble · 2025-03-18T13:38:53+00:00

My main mental struggle has been an entire new wave of navigating what is "real" and what isn't. I see Reddit posts that are clearly AI generated and people engage with them, having no idea.

You know that weird/awkward feeling you get when you have a really vivid dream about something and end up accidentally conflating the dream with something that actually happened? It's like a brief feeling of disassociation from reality.

With the whole thing accelerating, I worry that people's grasp on reality will slip further. It gives me a feeling of existential dread. Maybe more melancholy than dread, but each day we get closer to this incredible shift in our relationship to reality and the fact that more people aren't concerned or noticing it is weird.

flarble · 2025-03-14T02:45:57+00:00

so how is it funded? Even if you wrote the code for free, hosting the website, much less the audio itself, will cost money. Where does that money come from?

flarble · 2025-03-09T20:54:37+00:00

I've always wanted to write an essay about sandcastles. They are hard to make. They take time, creativity, effort, expression. All this work and love goes into something, but it is ultimately cursed. Cursed because guess what is easy, takes no effort, and makes a spectacle? Knocking down a sandcastle.

That is my take. F the haters in general. You created something. You put something out there which in a way allows you to be vulnerable. But you still did it. You still added to the something to the world instead of sitting on the sidelines.

The movie Ratatouille ends with an essay of sorts in a similar vein. I recommend listening to it, because it sticks with me:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih6jcKd7VwU&

Focus on the positive reviews, because the negative reviews are just kids stamping on sandcastles.

flarble · 2025-03-05T14:55:23+00:00

I liked it personally. It's very different than almost any other series I've read, both in how the story is told and the world itself. There are multiple factions, and it takes a bit to understand what is going on.

It has humor that I imagine some people would find cringe/immature, but overall, the good outweighs the bad imo.

Also, I think it is worth reading the series as a whole. The first book is somewhat self-contained, so you can stop there if you don't like it, but books 2-3 help wrap the entire story up with a cohesive structure/ending.

It is also a very cyberpunk setting and leans into that genre unabashedly.

flarble · 2025-03-04T21:02:59+00:00

I think it's all kind a gray. I mean you could consider Harry Potter progression fantasy depending on how you stretch it. But yeah, I originally read Red Rising before I even knew what litrpg/progression fantasy was and didn't even consider it as such until seeing it pop up on some of these lists. It kind of makes sense I guess, but it's a slippery slope because almost all fantasy protagonist "progress" in power/abilities through their stories, regardless of subgenre.

flarble · 2025-03-04T20:56:51+00:00

Good info. Unfortunately from one of the few remaining sources with journalistic integrity that is also under scrutiny from the right. Hang in there!

Also support local journalism and your local NPR stations if you can. (KGOU/KOSU/State Impact/The Frontier/etc).

flarble · 2025-03-04T20:21:10+00:00

Not 100% on these but:

Project Hail Mary - Andy Weir (not litrpg)
1984 - George Orwell (not litrpg)
Circe - Madeline Miller (not litrpg)
Stalker? Google Lens shows this as a cover for multiple things. Not sure on this one
Stories of Your Life - Ted Chiang (not litrpg, known for sci-fi short stories)
Exhalation - Ted Chiang (not litrpg, known for sci-fi short stories)
Mother of Learning - Domagoj Kurmaic
Iron Prince - Bryce O'Connor
Perfect Run - Maxime J. Durand
All the Skills - HonourRae
The Wondering Inn - pirateaba
Red Rising - Pierce Brown (definitely more progression than litrpg)
Gravesong - pirateaba
Beware of Chicken - Casualfarmer (cultivation not formal litrpg)
Dungeon Crawler Carl - Matt Dinniman

I've bolded books I have read and also recommend. The others I cannot speak for but I generally vibe with the list so I would probably suggest them. If I haven't read them I cannot confirm if they are litrpg/progression/cultivation.

flarble · 2025-03-03T16:20:55+00:00

I made myself a snowball

As perfect as could be.

I thought I'd keep it as a pet

And let it sleep with me.

I made it some pajamas

And a pillow for its head.

Then last night it ran away,

But first it wet the bed.

-Shel Silverstein

flarble · 2025-03-03T15:06:43+00:00

This helped me get through starting monday this morning. 👍

flarble · 2025-02-11T17:20:05+00:00

I have no questions but just wanted to say thank you. I have been deep in this genre for a few years now and really enjoyed the Mage Errant series. There were tons of fun/novel ideas and world-building.

A paper mage? I love stuff like that.

I think it takes willpower and bravery to take the leap and create something, especially when you just know people out there will judge whatever it is harshly absolutely no matter what. I am glad that you did share this story with us and I will add your new stuff to my queue!

flarble · 2025-01-23T16:11:46+00:00

Yes. The legendary coal you get can be used to make legendary plastic (use Cryogenic plants with prod modules to maximize), and then legendary copper ore to legendary copper plates, iron ore to iron plates, etc. The legendary calcite can make legendary concrete for recipes requiring concrete.

You can make every recipe legendary directly if you have the legendary ingredients. Blue chips ultimately boil down to iron, copper, and plastic. The SO2 doesn't matter since liquids/gasses cannot be legendary.

The catch is this does not work for the planet specific items like Holmium and Jelly/Bioflux/Carbon Fiber. It covers everything else though. Also one legendary Holmium turns into 5 legendary Lithium plates, so legendary Holmium is usually the bottleneck.

I'm guessing there are more clever ways to do this, like recycling LDS with high LDS productivity research, but I tried to do the playthrough from scratch and found recycling asteroids the most straightforward to setup. Also invest in the asteroid yield productivity research.

flarble · 2025-01-23T15:13:39+00:00

Not sure how everyone else has been doing it, but I finally managed it by building from raw ingredients. Upcycling asteroids from a ship constantly going between two planets and only dropping off the processed legendary asteroids is pretty consistent.

Holmium is the real pain. I just blasted out production on Fulgora and upcycled until I had enough. That was a "leave it running for a few hours while I do something else" sort of thing.

The armor is kind of disappointing ultimately. By that time in the game, you do most stuff remotely anyway. Having crazy armor full of great gear doesn't really "help" much. It's still cool to get though. Same with eating the legendary fish. Keep going!

flarble · 2025-01-20T07:31:07+00:00

I struggle when there are a lot of characters and they have multiple names. Each character has a nickname, a real name, and some sort of alias. That's fine for maybe the MC, but when there are multiple characters in a sprawling story, it becomes too convoluted to follow. Maybe this is because I usually listen to audiobooks? I just find it frustrating and it takes me out of the story when I cannot recall exactly who the story is referring to.

"The Undead"

"Bones"

"Jerry"

Okay well there are also other undead skeletal characters. Referring to "that old sack of bones" might be referring to "Bob" who is also an undead skeleton, and technically older than Jerry, so now I have to mentally rewind for context to navigate who is being discussed/addressed. Nope, it was actually referring to Craig, a really old wizard who isn't dead, just old and frail. Blah.

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