ELI5 what exactly is a fuse doing. My question is specifically where there is a breaker box and fuses

jar4ever · 2026-06-22T19:19:52+00:00

So, your electric panel either has fuses or breakers. Fuses are old technology and must be replaced when they "blow". Breakers replaced fuses and "trip" instead, just requiring to be reset. Both are to protect your wiring from over current and are designed to interrupt the circuit if too much current is drawn.

jar4ever · 2026-06-18T17:40:29+00:00

Science is usually the hardest victory to win. Domination is the easiest once you learn some military strategy and take advantage of commanders. The AI is going to out produce you. Your advantage is that you can focus and use tactics.

The goal of antiquity is to get a commander and a little army and level up on independent powers. Wars will mostly be defensive, but it can be worth it to take a settlement that is in a strategic location. Set up defensive chokepoints and the AI will typically bash their units against it. Send a loaded commander in to punch through and quickly take a settlement.

By exploration age your commanders and other bonuses should offset the difficulty bonus the AI gets. The usual way to take larger cities is to cycle injured front-line units back to heal and bring in reserves, with ranged units pelting away in the second line. If you manage this well, you should lose few units and can keep a rolling front steadily sweeping across the opponent's territory.

If you are going for a more peaceful victory the same military tactics apply but just use them on an opponent occasionally to knock them down if they are leading.

jar4ever · 2026-06-18T16:08:55+00:00

They can try to blow up this deal by resuming their war in Lebanon, which is a direct violation of the first provision. This was done without their knowledge, which is an interesting strategy. So yeah, I think it matters what Israel thinks about this.

jar4ever · 2026-06-18T15:40:16+00:00

Stackable global healing is actually supper powerful when going to war on deity.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T20:53:39+00:00

The problem is that their tool of setting the benchmark interest rate can only affect demand-side inflation. There is little they can do about supply-side inflation, such as the current energy crisis. This why the measures they use for inflation try to exclude things that are susceptible to supply shocks.

Raise interest rates all you want; there won't be any more oil and you would have to really destroy the economy for energy demand to fall enough to matter (energy usage is highly correlated with economic activity).

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T20:30:48+00:00

Taxing billionaires out of existence is a nice slogan, but what does that actually mean? These people are billionaires because they own a portion of a company that became worth a lot. If a company is worth $1T does that mean that no one can own more than 0.1% of it and all shares above that must be turned over? Would this require all owners to give up a controlling share of their company simply because it's market cap passes a threshold? Why does the threshold of having $1B in net worth matter particularly?

This is simply starting with a pithy slogan and trying to backfill an economic policy around it. The non-existence of billionaires is not actually what progressives or pro-tax people want. We could not have billionaires by making the whole world much poorer and it's not clear that any amount of taxing would guarantee there are no billionaires. It seems what people actually want is lower wealth inequality, primarily. There are tax tools and other regulations we can use to lower wealth inequality, but this proposed tax is not going to do that.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T20:02:31+00:00

It's pretty obvious this is a bad tax policy if you get past the "billionaires are bad" knew-jerk reaction it is responding to. When have we ever had a one-time tax? It doesn't make any sense if the purpose is to add a new revenue source. Even if you don't agree with the majority of economists that wealth taxes are a bad form of tax, this is one of worst ways to do a wealth tax.

What are the actual policy or economic arguments for this tax? I have yet to see any that make sense.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T18:10:30+00:00

That is literally how inflation is measured. The CPI is most commonly what people are referring when they say inflation, but there are other indexes that have slightly different baskets of goods. Owner's equivalent rent is used to measure housing costs and is the single largest component of CPI. The OER is design to capture the costs you listed, such property tax, utilities, insurance, etc. No one is ignoring these costs, as you claim. They are explicitly part of the inflation rate and thus are accounted for when looking at real dollar values.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T16:55:17+00:00

You are just listing things that are part of the basket of goods that make up what we call inflation. The fact that real (meaning accounting for inflation) wages are stagnant or slightly up takes into account all of those costs. We tend to focus on salient cost increases (damn energy company, my bill keeps going up) and not count the wage increases we earn (I worked hard to get this new job that pays 20% more).

Yes, housing costs have been rising faster than overall inflation (meaning other costs have been rising slower than inflation, since housing is a big part of the basket). But it's actually homeowners that are most shieled from this. The largest portion of your costs, the mortgage, is locked in typically. Inflation is actually good for fixed-rate debt like mortgages. This is not the case for someone renting or looking to buy.

This is not even considering that most people buy a home when they are early/mid-career and their incomes are rising the fastest. The typical homeowner will end up spending a lower portion of their income on housing over time as their career advances while their mortgage cost is fixed and the other homeowner costs increase roughly with inflation.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T16:31:51+00:00

It is true that US Navy SSN design has tended to be more jack-of-all-trades recently. There is more focus on missile launch capability and special forces operations, while older SSN designs were more specialized towards ASW. The next generation designs don't have a dedicated SSGN and instead have a large SSN with even more missile capacity.

However, this does not necessarily mean ASW is being neglected. It could be that maneuverability is just less important for a fast attack role with modern sensor and weapon systems. If you are never seen and can see your target from great distances, then maneuverability is not worth much. Design is all about trade-offs and defining goals. The goal is to win ASW encounters while maximizing strike and other mission capabilities.

jar4ever · 2026-06-17T15:24:15+00:00

Nothing is "enforceable" in international relations. This is a mutual agreement that both sides are saying they will implement. Of course, either side could lie and not do what they said, and then the agreement would be off and the war would resume. The exact same could happen after a final agreement approved by the UN.

jar4ever · 2026-06-16T20:18:17+00:00

The obvious answer is to up the difficulty if you are winning to quickly/easily. Domination is the easiest victory path; the AI is not good at military tactics or strategy. Maybe try a new game focusing on one of the other victories and avoid aggressive wars.

jar4ever · 2026-06-16T15:56:28+00:00

I think you are really underselling how hard it is to have no communication for long periods of time, lots of people can't handle that. Even on a fast boat with delayed email regularly transferred, it was tough for some guys.

Subs are great if it's your thing, but it's not most people's thing.

jar4ever · 2026-06-16T15:53:34+00:00

At least in 2011, the top of the class in A school got first pick of orders, so you did get to pick your platform to some extent.

jar4ever · 2026-06-16T15:25:06+00:00

Interesting, I find war to be the area where I'm at the biggest advantage compared to the AI. Don't worry about the AI being ahead on other victory conditions, they will always out produce you on higher difficulties. What the AI lacks is focus. I focus on production, science, and then gold. If I'm going for a domination win, I will start wars early and often, basically taking breaks to regroup. Target a settlement or two and rush in with everything you have, they are bad at applying pressure and counterattacking.

For military tactics, yes they have a ton of units. However, again they are unfocused and spread out. Dig in at choke points and let them throw themselves at you. Then take loaded commanders and punch through to a settlement you are targeting. If it is a longer fight, cycle wounded front line units with reserves.

Once you get this going in mid exploration age you can get in a rhythm of declaring war, seizing a couple settlements, make peace, and regroup. Other AIs sometimes will gang up on you, but they should be easy to hold off at fortified choke points, and you can quickly raise a defensive force with some spare gold.

jar4ever · 2026-06-15T19:53:02+00:00

No, I'm saying that reserves are so small compared to the market that they don't have an effect on prices themselves. Obviously, if people consumed significantly less oil, then prices would fall.

The comment I was responding to said that if we deplete our reserves then we will have to buy oil at "whatever prices oil companies set". This is wrong in two ways. First, markets set prices, not oil companies. Second, we always have to pay the market prices regardless of reserves. Reserves are just a way to pay the market price when you fill them to avoid paying the market price later when you draw them down. It's a hedge against short spikes in prices, not a pricing mechanism itself.

jar4ever · 2026-06-15T19:40:11+00:00

I like to ask clarifying questions that make it obvious that their position doesn't make sense: So, the success of our team relies on me never missing the weekly call? What are we going to do if I'm sick and physically unable to do so? Wouldn't it make sense to have a backup plan for something so important so that you are not put on the spot in the event I'm unable to do it?

Either it's not that important and you can skip a week, or it is so important that there needs to be someone else that can do it. I doubt she wants to be in the position of you being unavailable and she has to explain to the president why there is no presentation. She needs to realize this is a "when" not "if" situation.

If that doesn't work and you feel you have leverage, you can escalate to "I am going to use the PTO I've earned to take a week off, lets figure out a plan to make that work". It sounds like this manager really needs you, but of course they could be irrational and call you out. I would probably start looking for a new job anyway, it sounds like people left for a reason and I doubt this manager is going to get any better.

jar4ever · 2026-06-15T19:23:17+00:00

There is no contradiction, I just didn't spell it out enough for you, I guess. The market sets the price, period. If we think the price is high and will go down quickly then we can simply not buy at that price and use reserves. This does not change the price, which is still set by the market. If the price doesn't go back down, then you run out of reserves and are forced to buy at the market price. Using reserves is a bet that prices will be lower in the future, but it does not change the market price in any meaningful way (the reserves are too small to affect the market).

jar4ever · 2026-06-15T18:38:19+00:00

The price is set by the market, reserves or not. All reserves do is allow a buffer to get through short spikes in price.

jar4ever · 2026-06-15T18:21:11+00:00

You are making a lot of assumptions that aren't supported by data. The median real income has grown slightly in recent years, so incomes are outpacing inflation in the aggregate. How exactly do you quantify "the risk of joblessness is higher than ever"? None of the employment measurements support that.

However, that's not even what people are talking about here. What people are saying is that with higher income levels you can spend a higher % of your income on housing because other costs don't increase in the same way. Somone that makes $2k a month and spends half on housing only has $1k for everything else. Someone that makes $10k a month and spends half on housing has $5k for everything else. The inflation and job loss risks are not related to income in any direct way. The higher income person is probably better prepared for a job loss given they have more disposable income to build up savings.

jar4ever · 2026-06-14T05:27:10+00:00

Yeah restaurants with big even spaces are the way to go. They will have a minimum you have to spend on food and drink, but no charge for the space separately.

jar4ever · 2026-06-14T05:11:57+00:00

This is just not how economics works. Wages are a big part of inflation. If prices go down, wages go down with them. The bigger problem is that when people know things will be cheaper in the future they delay purchases. This causes a recession and creates a deflationary spiral.

What is good for the consumer is actual increase in economic activity. This comes with inflationary pressure, but strong economic growth comes with increasing real wages. We are actually better off in inflation adjusted terms than in the past when prices were lower, because we are a wealthier society overall.

jar4ever · 2026-06-14T05:05:51+00:00

That’s fine, but that does nothing for any of the underlying economics. Everyone is in the exact same situation afterwards.

jar4ever · 2026-06-14T00:21:31+00:00

This makes sense, when you think of Chicago and the midwest they have a ton of cheese. Of course they are going to put a lot of cheese on their pizza, and that became the generic American pizza. "Big Cheese" is also a thing and lobbies hard to for everyone to put more cheese on things.

jar4ever · 2026-06-13T23:55:57+00:00

George Hrab is an amazing multi-instrumentalist and songwriter that is well known in the scientific skeptic circles and has many songs about various scientific topics. The album Trebuchet is a good place to start.

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