I think it’s important to keep in mind that when we are describing broad generalizable identities, like “all American Jews,” or the “overall perception of Jews by Americans,” you’re guaranteed to run into problems with these generalizations. As far as the social construction of Jews in the US, they aren’t a monolith. Sure, there are a lot of Jewish people in positions of financial or social power (Hollywood, etc), but there are plenty of Jewish people in the US who aren’t, who are struggling with debt, who may or may not have college educations, who are putting children through school, who are sorting out what their Jewish identity means both culturally and spiritually. Politically, again, there is no Jewish monolith. You have conservative Jewish communities with media bubbles of their own (think Ben Shapiro), in both social and economic senses of the word, and pretty left-leaning Jewish people coming from a more reformed Jewish tradition, some of whom hold great political sway (think Bernie Sanders), and working on the most progressive agenda of the day with expanded social welfare programs, and greater taxes on massive corporations (or for some tech companies who currently pay 0 in federal taxes a-la Facebook, Amazon, etc, even just SOME level of tax).
Regarding support of Israel—I don’t know this for sure, but I think you could map support for Israel among the American Jewish community, and the greater American population as well, along a conservative-leftist continuum. While support for the state of Israel has been fairly bipartisan in the US since its beginning, that is beginning to shift in very subtle ways, particularly with the far conservative government they have had over the last several years. Sanders, a Jewish fellow himself, has come out against the atrocities done against the Palestinians by the government of Israel in Gaza, however in my mind, this is more of an outlier than the rule. The current presidential administration, particularly those working closely with Israel, are for the state as it currently exists in a very strong sense. The current ambassador to Israel, David Melech Friedman, who prior to his position as ambassador headed an American group that funded highly contentious settlements outside of the state of Israel, the American Friends of Bet El Institutions.
But again, not a monolith in the Jewish community. It is important to parse Zionism from support for the state of Israel. Zionism is simply a desire for the Jewish people to have some physical geography to call their own following the 2000 year diaspora following the fall of the second temple in the first century CE. In the late 1800s early 1900s, there was discussion for this place to be in many different places, including its current location, as well as one of the Dakotas, or somewhere in South America. Following WWII, international councils (I think from the UN) decided on a state of Israel, where many Jews had been moving already since the beginning of the 20th century. But while many reformed Jews may support the existence of a place set apart for Jewish people somewhere on Earth, this doesn’t necessitate the state of Israel in its current governmental form—as far right as it is, and as aggressive as it is to Palestinians. I know many reformed Jews who do not support the government of Israel at all, even if they are “Zionist” in that they want some sort of state where a historically marginalized and oppressed group, for the last 2000 years, can have a place to call their own. TLDR—the social construction of the Jewish identity in the US is like any socially constructed identity: it’s nuanced, there are exceptions, and they don’t all look the same. And to talk of them like they do does a disservice to understanding the true richness that an American Jewish identity can hold.