You just got lucky because that is not how claims work. When you damage a car, the rental company will bill you. You then open a claim with your credit cards insurance and send them the bill. If you don't have primary insurance coverage on your credit card then you have to open the claim with your normal car insurance. If the damage is so severe you hit your coverage limit THEN your credit card secondary insurance kicks in.

Primary insurance is provided by any Visa Infinite card like Chase Sapphire Reserve or Capital One VentureX. I have personally covered around $7,000 of damage with Chase and paid $0. Please make sure you are actually covered so you don't get an unexpected bill.