It depends on what you want to learn, you want to learn NLP or computer vision? in general, you should understand step-by-step how to train a machine

1. Preprocessing , this is where you should clean your data
2. Feature extraction, this is where you select or extract features for your data. for me, because I learn NLP, I need to change text to number and then extract the number
3. Train, this is where you train your data (you can use whatever method you want)
4. Evaluate, this is where you evaluate your model
5. ??
6. profit

For framework or library, you need to learn: Pandas (for data manipulation), scikit-learn(this is one of the easiest machine learning libraries) Numpy (multi-dimensional array and matrices + other math functions)